ar
English[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɑː/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ɑɹ/
- (Ireland) IPA(key): /aɹ/, /äːɹ/
- (AAVE) IPA(key): /ˈɑɹə/
- Rhymes: -ɑː, -ɑɹ, -ɔɹ, -ɑɹə
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle English *ar, arres pl, from earlier *er.
Noun[edit]
ar (plural ars)
- The name of the Latin-script letter R.
- All the ars in the inscription.
Translations[edit]
|
|
See also[edit]
- (Latin-script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee / zed
Etymology 2[edit]
Interjection[edit]
ar
- (UK, West Country, West Midlands) Alternative form of arr
Derived terms[edit]
Particle[edit]
ar
- (UK, West Country, West Midlands) Alternative form of arr
Etymology 3[edit]
Verb[edit]
ar
- Obsolete spelling of are
- 1570, Roger Ascham, The Scholemaster:
- But commonlie, the fairest bodies, ar bestowed on the foulest purposes.
Anagrams[edit]
Abinomn[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar
Albanian[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin aurum (“gold”).[1][2] Considering the rendering of Latin au- as Albanian ā-, it is a relatively archaic borrowing. Although Arbëresh dialects preserve the original Latin neuter, in standard Albanian it is masculine.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar m (definite singular ari)[3]
- (chemistry) gold
- 1555, Gjon Buzuku, Meshari
- Të provuomitë e fesë saj të jetë mā e pāçmuome se ari. ― The temptations of her religion are more precious than (the) gold.
- 1555, Gjon Buzuku, Meshari
- (figuratively) treasure, gem
- Synonym: thesar
- golden thread
Derived terms[edit]
Declension[edit]
Adjective[edit]
ar m (feminine are)
- golden
- (figuratively) precious
- Synonym: çmueshëm
- (figuratively) yellow; white, bright
- (figuratively) blonde, bright, light (hair)
- Synonym: biond
Etymology 2[edit]
Probably via French are (“are”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar m (indefinite plural arë, definite singular ari, definite plural arët)[4]
Declension[edit]
indefinite forms (trajta të pashquara) |
definite forms (trajta të shquara) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular (numri njëjës) |
plural (numri shumës) |
singular (numri njëjës) |
plural (numri shumës) | ||
nominative (emërore) |
ar | arë | ari | arët | |
accusative (kallëzore) |
ar | arë | arin | arët | |
genitive (gjinore) (i/e/të/së) |
ari | arëve | arit | arëvet | |
dative (dhanore) |
ari | arëve | arit | arëvet | |
ablative (rrjedhore) |
ari | arësh | arit | arëvet |
References[edit]
- ^ Orel, Vladimir (1998), “ar”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 7
- ^ Topalli, Kolec (2017), “ar”, in Fjalor Etimologjik i Gjuhës Shqipe, Durrës, Albania: Jozef, page 111
- ^ [1] m. noun (& adjective) ar (I) "gold / golden" (def. ari) • Fjalor Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)
- ^ [2] m. noun ar (II) "are" (def./sg. ari; indef./pl. arë; def./pl. arët) • Fjalor Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)
Aromanian[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin arō. Compare Daco-Romanian ara, ar.
Verb[edit]
ar (third-person singular present indicative arã, past participle aratã)
- I plough.
Related terms[edit]
Azerbaijani[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Arabic عَار (ʿār).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar (definite accusative arı, plural arlar)
- feeling of shame
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
Basque[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar inan or anim
Declension[edit]
Declension of ar (animate and inanimate, ending in -r) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | singular | plural | ||
absolutive | ar | arra | arrak | |
ergative | arrek | arrak | arrek | |
dative | arri | arrari | arrei | |
genitive | arren | arraren | arren | |
comitative | arrekin | arrarekin | arrekin | |
causative | arrengatik | arrarengatik | arrengatik | |
benefactive | arrentzat | arrarentzat | arrentzat | |
instrumental | arrez | arraz | arrez | |
inessive | anim. | arrengan | arrarengan | arrengan |
inanim. | arretan | arrean | arretan | |
locative | anim. | — | — | — |
inanim. | arretako | arreko | arretako | |
allative | anim. | arrengana | arrarengana | arrengana |
inanim. | arretara | arrera | arretara | |
terminative | anim. | arrenganaino | arrarenganaino | arrenganaino |
inanim. | arretaraino | arreraino | arretaraino | |
directive | anim. | arrenganantz | arrarenganantz | arrenganantz |
inanim. | arretarantz | arrerantz | arretarantz | |
destinative | anim. | arrenganako | arrarenganako | arrenganako |
inanim. | arretarako | arrerako | arretarako | |
ablative | anim. | arrengandik | arrarengandik | arrengandik |
inanim. | arretatik | arretik | arretatik | |
partitive | arrik | — | — | |
prolative | artzat | — | — |
Breton[edit]
Article[edit]
ar
See also[edit]
Chuukese[edit]
Determiner[edit]
ar
- third person plural general possessive; their
Related terms[edit]
Small objects, concepts | Large objects, living things | Suffix | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First person | ai | nei | -ei |
Second person | omw, om | noum | -om | |
Third person | an | noun | -an | |
Plural | First person | äm (exclusive) ach (inclusive) |
nöu̇m (exclusive) nöüch (inclusive) |
-em (exclusive) -ach (inclusive) |
Second person | ämi, ami | noumi | -emi | |
Third person | ar | nour | -er |
Cimbrian[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle High German ahorn, from Old High German ahorn. Cognate with German Ahorn.
Noun[edit]
ar m
Alternative forms[edit]
- aorn (Sette Comuni)
References[edit]
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ar
- (Sette Comuni) Short for èar (“he”).
- Ar khimmet lóofanten.
- He comes running.
References[edit]
- “ar” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
Czech[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From French are, created during the French Revolution as a learned formation from Latin area, a piece of level ground.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar m inan
- are (unit of area equal to 100 square metres)
Declension[edit]
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "ar" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007
Further reading[edit]
- ar in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- ar in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
Danish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar n (singular definite arret, plural indefinite ar)
Inflection[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Verb[edit]
ar
- imperative of arre
Etymology 2[edit]
From French are, from Latin ārea (“open space”).
Noun[edit]
ar c (singular definite aren, plural indefinite ar)
- are (square decametre, 100 m²)
Inflection[edit]
Further reading[edit]
ar on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia da
Ar (sår) on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia da
Dutch[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle Dutch arre, erre, irre, from Old Dutch *irri, from Proto-Germanic *irzijaz.
Adjective[edit]
ar (comparative arder, superlative arst)
- (archaic) sorry, sad, regrettable
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Back-formation from arrenslee (see there for further etymology).
Noun[edit]
ar m or f (plural arren, diminutive arretje n)
Related terms[edit]
Galician[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese aar, from an older aere, from Latin aēr.
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar m (plural ares)
Etymology 2[edit]
Unknown
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
ar
References[edit]
- “ar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2012.
- “aar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2012.
- “aere” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2016.
- “ar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “ar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “ar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Hausa[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- Hyphenation: ar̃
Pronunciation[edit]
Interjection[edit]
ar̃
Irish[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From a conflation of three Old Irish prepositions:
- ar (“for”) (triggering lenition), from Proto-Celtic *ɸare (“in front of”), from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂i. Cognates include Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside”) and English fore.
- for (“on”) (triggering no mutation), from Proto-Celtic *uɸor (“over, on”) (compare Welsh ar, Breton war), from Proto-Indo-European *upér (compare Latin super, Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Old English ofer).
- íar (“after”) (triggering eclipsis), from Proto-Celtic *eɸirom (“after, behind”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi.
Pronunciation[edit]
Preposition[edit]
ar (plus dative, triggers no mutation in general references but lenition in qualified or particularized references, triggers eclipsis in a few fixed expressions)
- on
- Used with a variety of nouns to indicate feelings and minor medical conditions
- Tá áthas orm.
- I am glad.
- (literally, “Joy is on me.”)
- Tá ocras orm.
- I am hungry.
- (literally, “Hunger is on me.”)
- Tá slaghdán orm.
- I have a cold.
- (literally, “A cold is on me.”)
- Used with a verbal noun to indicate a state
- ar crith ― trembling
- ar foluain ― hovering
- ar díol ― for sale
- upon (with a verbal noun plus personal form of do indicating the subject of the verb)
- ar éirí dom ― when I get/got up; upon my rising
- upon (with a (“his, her, their”)—indicating the subject of an intransitive verb or the object of a transitive verb—plus verbal noun to indicate completion of an action)
- ar a theacht or arna theacht ― when he comes/came; on his coming
- ar a chríochnú dom or arna chríochnú dom ― when I (had) completed it; upon my completion of it
- ar a theacht or
- (in conjunction with the verb bí) must, have to
- Bhí orainn anailís a dhéanamh ar bhlúirí a bhí bainte as téacs.
- We had to analyse fragments abstracted from a text.
Inflection[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- ar aba
- ar aghaidh
- ar ais
- ar ala na huaire
- ar amharc
- ar an gcéad dul síos
- ar aon chaoi
- ar ball
- ar bith
- ar buile
- ar bun
- ar chor ar bith
- ar chúl
- ar dtús
- ar fad
- ar feadh
- ar iarraidh
- ar lóistín
- ar maidin
- ar meisce
- arna
- arnár
- ar na rópaí
- ar ndóiche
- ar ndóigh
- ar nós
- ar olca le
- ar oscailt
- cuir ar
- cuir caoi ar
- cuir pionós ar
- déan caimiléireacht ar
- déan cneámhaireacht ar
- de bhreis ar
- de gheall ar
- faigh locht ar
- feall ar
- gabh seilbh ar
- i ngeall ar
- mar gheall ar
- tabhair ar
See also: Category:Irish phrasal verbs with particle (ar)
Etymology 2[edit]
Particle[edit]
ar (triggers lenition except of past autonomous forms; used only in the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)
- Used to form direct and indirect questions
- Ar chuala tú mé? ― Did you hear me?
- Níl a fhios agam ar chas sé an t-amhrán. ― I don’t know if/whether he sang the song.
- Ar ól an cat an bainne? ― Did the cat drink the milk?
- Ar cuireadh an síol? ― Was the seed sown?
- Used to form direct and indirect copular questions; used before consonants
- Ar mhúinteoir tú? ― Were you a teacher?
Related terms[edit]
- an (used with non-past tenses and in the past tense of some irregular verbs)
Etymology 3[edit]
Particle[edit]
ar (triggers lenition except of past autonomous forms; used only in the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)
- Introduces an indirect relative clause
- an chathaoir ar shuigh an gasúr air ― the chair the boy sat on
- an cailín ar ól a cat an bainne ― the girl whose cat drank the milk
- an gort ar cuireadh an síol ann ― the field the seed was sown in
Related terms[edit]
- a (used with non-past tenses and with the past of some irregular verbs)
Particle[edit]
ar (copular form used before consonants and nouns beginning with vowels; triggers lenition in the past/conditional)
- Introduces an indirect relative clause; present/future tense
- an fear ar múinteoir a mhac ― the man whose son is a teacher
- an fear ar iascaire a mhac ― the man whose son is a fisherman
- Introduces an indirect relative clause; past/conditional tense
- an fear ar mhúinteoir a mhac ― the man whose son was a teacher
- Introduces a direct or indirect interrogative; past/conditional tense
- Ar mhaith leat cupán tae?
- Would you like a cup of tea?
- Níl a fhios agam ar mhaith léi cupán tae.
- I don’t know if she would like a cup of tea.
Related terms[edit]
Simple copular forms
|
Compound copular forms
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
v Used before vowel sounds |
Pronoun[edit]
ar (triggers lenition except of past autonomous forms; used only in the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)
- all that, whatever
- Sin ar chonnaic mé ann. ― That’s all that I saw there.
- Ar thuig tú ar canadh? ― Did you understand all that was sung?
- Cheannaigh mé ar íoc tú as. ― I bought whatever you paid for.
Related terms[edit]
- a (form used with non-past tenses and with the past of some irregular verbs)
Etymology 4[edit]
From Middle Irish ol, from Old Irish ol.
Verb[edit]
ar (used only with 3rd-person pronouns, usually emphatic)
- said, says
- “Tar isteach,” ar seisean.
- “Come in,” he said.
- “Ní thuigim,” ar sise.
- “I don’t understand,” she says.
- “Cén fáth?” ar siadsan.
- “Why?” they said.
Related terms[edit]
- arsa (used with other persons and with full nouns)
Etymology 5[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar m (genitive singular air)
- verbal noun of air (“plough”)
- (literary, agriculture) tillage
Declension[edit]
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Mutation[edit]
Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
ar | n-ar | har | t-ar |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading[edit]
- "ar" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Entries containing “ar” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “ar” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Kalasha[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Sanskrit आरा (ārā), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óleh₂ (“awl”). Cognate with German Ahle, English awl.
Noun[edit]
ar
Khasi[edit]
< 1 | 2 | 3 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : ar | ||
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Khasian *ʔaːr, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓaar. Cognate with Pnar ar, Blang [La Gang] lál, Bahnar ʼbar, Khmer ពីរ (pii), Vietnamese hai, Santali ᱵᱟᱨ (bar).
Numeral[edit]
ar
Latgalian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-. Cognates include Latvian ar (“with”) and Lithuanian ar (“whether”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Preposition[edit]
ar (+ accusative)
References[edit]
- Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN
Latvian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- Cognate with Lithuanian ar (“whether, if, and”), Ancient Greek ἄρα (ára, “then”).
Preposition[edit]
ar (with instrumental)
Verb[edit]
ar
- 2nd person singular present indicative form of art
- 3rd person singular present indicative form of art
- 3rd person plural present indicative form of art
- 2nd person singular imperative form of art
- (with the particle lai) 3rd person singular imperative form of art
- (with the particle lai) 3rd person plural imperative form of art
Lithuanian[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-. Cognate with Latvian ar (“whether, if, with”), Ancient Greek ἄρα (ára, “then”).
Conjunction[edit]
ar̃
Usage notes[edit]
Although commonly placed at the start of a sentence to form a yes/no question, it is not necessary to use ar to form such a question. Intonation alone can accomplish that. Additionally, there are other particles that can be used for the same purpose: ar̃gi, bè, benè, gál, kažìn, nègi, nejaũ, nejaũgi.
See also[edit]
- czy (word with the same function in Polish, which has significant historical presence in Lithuania)
References[edit]
- Vytautas Ambrazas (2006) Lithuanian Grammar, 2nd revised edition, →ISBN, pages 400, 428, 597, 712–713
- Derksen, Rick (2015), “ar”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 59
Further reading[edit]
- “ar”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2022
- “ar”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2022
Middle English[edit]
Determiner[edit]
ar
Middle Welsh[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Brythonic *ar, from Proto-Celtic *ɸare.
Preposition[edit]
ar (triggers lenition)
- on, upon
- over, of (of a ruler with respect to the area ruled)
Inflection[edit]
- First-person singular: arnaf
- Second-person singular: arnat
- Third-person singular masculine: arnaw
- Third-person singular feminine: arnei, erni
- First-person plural: arnam
- Second-person plural: arnawch
- Third-person plural: arnunt
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Welsh: ar
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ar
- he/she who, whoever
- Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet:
- Ar ny del yn uuyd, kymmeller o nerth cledyueu.
- Whoever does not come with obedience shall be compelled by the force of swords.
- Ar ny del yn uuyd, kymmeller o nerth cledyueu.
- Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet:
- that which, whatever
- Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet:
- Pa amgen uedwl yssyd yndaw ef heno noc ar a uu yr blwydyn y heno?
- What is the different mind that is in him tonight than that which has been since a year ago tonight?
- Pa amgen uedwl yssyd yndaw ef heno noc ar a uu yr blwydyn y heno?
- Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet:
Northern Kurdish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun[edit]
ar ?
- flour
- Synonym: ard
- fire
- Synonym: agir
- shame, disgrace
- Synonym: 'ar
- are (square decametre, 100 m²)
- Abbreviation of argon.
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From French are (“are”), from Latin ārea (“a piece of level ground, vacant ground, house ground”), either from Proto-Italic *āzeā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eHs-e-yeh₂, from *h₂eHs- (“to become dry, burn; hearth, ashes”), or from Proto-Italic *āreā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂r-e-yeh₂, from *h₂eh₂rh₃- (“threshing tool”).
Noun[edit]
ar n (definite singular aret, indefinite plural ar, definite plural ara or arene)
- an are, area of 100 square metres
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From French are, from Latin area
Noun[edit]
ar n (definite singular aret, indefinite plural ar, definite plural ara)
- an are, area of 100 square metres
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “ar” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-West Germanic *aiʀu (“respect, honour”). Cognate with German Ehre.
Noun[edit]
ār f
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- ārstafas (“help, kindness”)
Descendants[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From Proto-West Germanic *aiʀ.
Cognate with Old Norse eir (“brass, copper”), German ehern (“of metal, of iron”), Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐌶 (aiz, “ore”), from Proto-Indo-European *áyos, h₂éyos. Compare Dutch oer (“iron-holding earth”). Confer Latin aes (“bronze, copper”), Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (aiiah), Sanskrit अयस् (áyas, “copper, iron”).
Noun[edit]
ār n
Declension[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
From Proto-West Germanic *airu, from Proto-Germanic *airō (“oar”). Cognate with Old Norse ár, Danish åre, Swedish åra.
Noun[edit]
ār f
Declension[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- English: oar
Etymology 4[edit]
From Proto-Germanic *airuz. Cognate with Old Saxon ēru, Old Norse árr, Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃 (airus).
Noun[edit]
ār m
- messenger, herald
- 8th-11th century, Beowulf, ll. 335-6:
- Ic eom Hroðgares ar ond ombiht.
- I am Hrothgar's herald and officer.
- angel
- missionary
Declension[edit]
Old Irish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Celtic *ɸare (“in front of”), from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂í. Cognates include Ancient Greek παραί (paraí, “beside”) and Old English fore (modern English for and fore).
Preposition[edit]
ar (with accusative or dative)
For quotations using this term, see Citations:ar.
Inflection[edit]
Person | Normal | Emphatic |
---|---|---|
1st person sing. | airium, erum, erumm, erom | erumsa |
2d person sing. | airiut, aurut, erut, ærut, airut | erutsu |
3d sing. masc./neut., dative | airiu | |
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative | airi | |
3d sing. fem., dative | ||
3d sing. fem., accusative | airri, airre | |
1st person pl. | airiund, erunn, erund, erond, eronn, airriun, airund | |
2d person pl. | airib | airibsi, airiu(i)bsi, eruibsi |
3d person pl., dative | airib, airaib | |
3d person pl., accusative | air(r)iu, err(i)u, erro, erthu, airthiu, airtho | air(r)iusom, err(i)usom |
Forms combined with the definite article:
- masculine/feminine accusative singular: arin
- neuter accusative singular: ara
- dative singular all genders: arin(d), airind(í)
- accusative plural all genders: arna
- dative plural all genders: a(i)rnaib
Forms combined with a possessive determiner:
Form combined with the relative particle: ara
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Conjunction[edit]
ar
- Alternative spelling of air (“for, since”)
Further reading[edit]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 ar (‘for’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003)D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, pages 275–76, 497–99
Etymology 2[edit]
From Proto-Celtic *anserom, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥serōm, from *nos (“we, us”); compare German unser.
Determiner[edit]
ar (triggers eclipsis)
- our
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10c21
- Ba torad sa⟨í⟩thir dúun in chrud so ce du·melmis cech túari et ce du·gnemmis a ndu·gníat ar céli, act ní bad nertad na mbráithre et frescsiu fochricce as móo.
- It would be a fruit of labor for us in this way if we consumed every food and if we did what our fellows do, but it would not be a strengthening of the brothers and a hope of a greater reward.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 17b5
- Ammi túailṅge ar mbréthre.
- We are potent in our word.
- (literally, “We are of the ability of our word.”)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10c21
Descendants[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “5 ar (‘our’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003)D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 440, pages 277–78
Old Portuguese[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
ar
- also
- 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, , E codex, cantiga 90 (facsimile):
- & ar ſẽ (com)panneira u a de(us) (con)cebiſte
- and also without equal when you conceived God
- & ar ſẽ (com)panneira u a de(us) (con)cebiſte
- again
- 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, , E codex, cantiga 274 (facsimile):
- na obra que leyxara / por fazer ar começou
- (He) started working again on his unfinished work
- na obra que leyxara / por fazer ar começou
Descendants[edit]
- Portuguese: er
Old Swedish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse ár, from Proto-Germanic *jērą.
Noun[edit]
ār n
Declension[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Pnar[edit]
< 1 | 2 | 3 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : ar Ordinal : wa ar | ||
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Khasian *ʔaːr, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓaar. Cognate with Khasi ar, Blang [La Gang] lál, Bahnar ʼbar, Khmer ពីរ (pii), Vietnamese hai, Santali ᱵᱟᱨ (bar).
Pronunciation[edit]
Numeral[edit]
ar
Polish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar m inan (abbreviation a)
Declension[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun[edit]
ar f pl
Further reading[edit]
- ar in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ar in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Portuguese aar, aire, aere, from Latin āēr, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr, “air”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar m (plural ares)
Quotations[edit]
For quotations using this term, see Citations:ar.
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Romanian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From older Romanian ară, are, presumably from Latin habēret (for the singular) and habērent (for the plural). See also are.
Verb[edit]
(el/ea) ar (modal auxiliary, third-person singular form of avea, used with infinitives to form conditional tenses)
- (he/she) would
Verb[edit]
(ele/ei) ar (modal auxiliary, third-person plural form of avea, used with infinitives to form conditional tenses)
- (they) would
Related terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Verb[edit]
ar
Etymology 3[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar m (plural ari)
- an are (a unit of area equal to 100 square metres)
Declension[edit]
Scottish Gaelic[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Irish ar. Cognates include Irish ár
Determiner[edit]
ar (triggers eclipsis)
- our
- Tha ar nighean ruadh. ― Our daughter is red-haired.
- Tha ar n-oilthigh ùr. ― Our university is new.
See also[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Verb[edit]
ar (defective)
Usage notes[edit]
- Only has the present and past tense, which both have the same form ar.
- Always followed by the preposition le or a prepositional pronoun:
- ar le mòran nach fhaod seo a bhith ― many thought this can't be
- ar leam gun... ― it seems/seemed to me that...
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar m (Cyrillic spelling ар)
- are (square decametre, 100 m²)
Declension[edit]
Swedish[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Ultimately from Latin area, probably via French are. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Noun[edit]
ar c or n
- are (square decametre, 100 m²)
Declension[edit]
Declension of ar | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | ar | aren | ar | aren |
Genitive | ars | arens | ars | arens |
Declension of ar | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | ar | aret | ar | aren |
Genitive | ars | arets | ars | arens |
Related terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *arô.
Noun[edit]
ar m
References[edit]
- ar in Svenska Akademiens ordlista över svenska språket (8th ed., 1923)
- ar in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
Turkish[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Ottoman Turkish عار (ar), from Arabic عَار (ʿār)
Noun[edit]
ar (definite accusative arı, plural arlar)
- feeling of shame
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar (definite accusative arı, plural arlar)
- are (unit of area)
Welsh[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Welsh ar, from Proto-Brythonic *ar, from Proto-Celtic *ɸare.
Pronunciation[edit]
Preposition[edit]
ar (triggers soft mutation)
- on
- about to (with a verbal noun)
- King, Gareth (1993) Modern Welsh: A Comprehensive Grammar (Routledge Grammars), London and New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 131:
- Brysiwch, mae’r trên ar fynd!
- Hurry up, the train’s about to leave!
- King, Gareth (1993) Modern Welsh: A Comprehensive Grammar (Routledge Grammars), London and New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 131:
Inflection[edit]
Westrobothnian[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Norse ǫrn, from Proto-Germanic *arô.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ar m (definite singular arʼenn)
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ar
References[edit]
- ^ Rietz, Johan Ernst, “AR 2”, in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket [Swedish dialectal lexicon: a dictionary for the Swedish lects] (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 12
- ^ Stenberg, Pehr, Widmark, Gusten Ordbok över Umemålet [Dictionary of the Umeå speech], →ISBN, page 7
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- gmq-bot:Birds of prey
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