murar

See also: murár

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• muraru

Etymology

From moarã +‎ -ar or from Latin molārius. Compare Romanian morar.

Noun

murar m (plural murari)

1. miller

Derived terms

• murãrlãchi

Asturian

Etymology

From mur (“mouse”) +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /muˈɾaɾ/ [muˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: mu‧rar
• (Western) IPA^(key): /mʊˈɾaɾ/
• Homophone: morar (Western)

Verb

murar (first-person singular indicative present muro, past participle muráu)

1. (of cats) to mouse, to waylay mice
2. to watch, follow someone

Conjugation

Conjugation of murar

infinitive		murar
gerund		murando
past participle		m muráu, f murada, n murao, m pl muraos, f pl muraes
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	muro	mures	mura	muramos	muráis	muren
	imperfect	muraba	murabes	muraba	murábemos, murábamos	murabeis, murabais	muraben
	preterite	muré	murasti, muresti	muró	muremos	murastis, murestis	muraron
	pluperfect	murare, murara	murares, muraras	murare, murara	muráremos, muráramos	murareis, murarais	muraren, muraran
	future	muraré	murarás	murará	muraremos	muraréis	murarán
	conditional	muraría	muraríes	muraría	muraríemos, muraríamos	muraríeis, muraríais	muraríen
subjunctive	present	mure	mures, muras	mure	muremos	muréis	muren, muran
	imperfect	murare, murara	murares, muraras	murare, murara	muráremos, muráramos	murareis, murarais	muraren, muraran
imperative		—	mura	—	—	murái	—

Further reading

• “murar”, in Diccionariu de la llingua asturiana [Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Asturian), 1st edition, Academy of the Asturian Language [Asturian: Academia de la Llingua Asturiana], 2000, →ISBN
• García Arias, Xosé Lluis (2002–2004), “murar”, in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana [General Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (overall work in Spanish), Editorial Prensa Asturiana, →ISBN

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central, Northwestern) [muˈɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [muˈɾaɾ]

Verb

murar (first-person singular present muro, first-person singular preterite murí, past participle murat)

1. to wall, to surround with a wall

   Synonym: emmurallar

2. to close off, to impede

   Synonym: tancar

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of murar (first conjugation)

infinitive			murar
gerund			murant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		murat		murada
		plural		murats		murades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	muro	mures	mura	murem	mureu	muren
	imperfect	murava	muraves	murava	muràvem	muràveu	muraven
	future	muraré	muraràs	murarà	murarem	murareu	muraran
	preterite	murí	murares	murà	muràrem	muràreu	muraren
	conditional	muraria	muraries	muraria	muraríem	muraríeu	murarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	muri	muris	muri	murem	mureu	murin
	imperfect	murés	muressis	murés	muréssim	muréssiu	muressin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	mura	muri	murem	mureu	murin
	negative (no)	—	no muris	no muri	no murem	no mureu	no murin

Further reading

• Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “murar”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)
• “murar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “murar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
• “murar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

Galician

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from muro (“wall”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /muˈɾar/

Verb

murar (first-person singular present muro, first-person singular preterite murei, past participle murado)

1. to wall
   • 1335, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 144:

     Et se per uentura eu en este tenpo fezer casa ou casas enno dito lugar para meter seruiçaes, ou murar cortina ou cortinas, ou meter y pobrança ou pobranças, ou enprestar alguna cousa aos seruiçáés, ou para pobrança, que uos Pay Fagundez, ou uosa uoz que me pagaedes o que me estas cousas costaren con la dita quantia quando uos eu reuender os ditos herdamentos, et eu que seia ende creudo do que me esto costou per mina verdade simplez sin outro juramento.

     And in case that I, during this time, would build a house or houses in this place for putting there serfs, or if I would wall a garden or gardens, or put there cattle, or to loan anything to the serfs or for raising the cattle, then you, Pai Fagúndez, or your successor, should pay what these things cost to me, together with the aforementioned quantity, when I resell the aforementioned properties to you, and that I shall be believed on what these things cost to me by my simple truth, no additional sworn statement needed

Conjugation

    Conjugation of murar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	murar
Personal	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	muraren
Gerund
	murando
Past participle
Masculine	murado			murados
Feminine	murada			muradas
Indicative
Present	muro	muras	mura	muramos	murades	muran
Imperfect	muraba	murabas	muraba	murabamos	murabades	muraban
Preterite	murei	muraches	murou	muramos	murastes	muraron
Pluperfect	murara	muraras	murara	muraramos	murarades	muraran
Future	murarei	murarás	murará	muraremos	muraredes	murarán
Conditional	muraría	murarías	muraría	murariamos	murariades	murarían
Subjunctive
Present	mure	mures	mure	muremos	muredes	muren
Imperfect	murase	murases	murase	murásemos	murásedes	murasen
Future	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	muraren
Imperative
Affirmative		mura	mure	muremos	murade	muren
Negative (non)		non mures	non mure	non muremos	non muredes	non muren

    Reintegrated conjugation of murar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	murar
Personal	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	murarem
Gerund
	murando
Past participle
Masculine	murado			murados
Feminine	murada			muradas
Indicative
Present	muro	muras	mura	muramos	murades, murais	muram
Imperfect	murava	muravas	murava	murávamos	murávades, muráveis, murávais1	muravam
Preterite	murei	muraste, murache1	murou	muramos	murastes	murárom, muraram
Pluperfect	murara	muraras	murara	muráramos	murárades, muráreis, murárais1	muraram
Future	murarei	murarás	murará	muraremos	muraredes, murareis	murarám, murarão
Conditional	muraria	murarias	muraria	muraríamos	muraríades, muraríeis, muraríais1	murariam
Subjunctive
Present	mure	mures	mure	muremos	muredes, mureis	murem
Imperfect	murasse	murasses	murasse	murássemos	murássedes, murásseis	murassem
Future	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	murarem
Imperative
Affirmative		mura	mure	muremos	murade, murai	murem
Negative (nom)		nom mures	nom mure	nom muremos	nom muredes, nom mureis	nom murem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• murado

Related terms

• mura
• muralla
• muradal
• muradella
• muro

Etymology 2

From Old Galician-Portuguese mur (“mouse”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin mūs, mūrī (“mouse”).

Murando ("mousing")

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /muˈɾar/

Verb

murar (first-person singular present muro, first-person singular preterite murei, past participle murado)

1. (of cats) to mouse, to waylay mice

   Synonym: ratear

2. (figurative) to lurk; to await

Conjugation

    Conjugation of murar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	murar
Personal	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	muraren
Gerund
	murando
Past participle
Masculine	murado			murados
Feminine	murada			muradas
Indicative
Present	muro	muras	mura	muramos	murades	muran
Imperfect	muraba	murabas	muraba	murabamos	murabades	muraban
Preterite	murei	muraches	murou	muramos	murastes	muraron
Pluperfect	murara	muraras	murara	muraramos	murarades	muraran
Future	murarei	murarás	murará	muraremos	muraredes	murarán
Conditional	muraría	murarías	muraría	murariamos	murariades	murarían
Subjunctive
Present	mure	mures	mure	muremos	muredes	muren
Imperfect	murase	murases	murase	murásemos	murásedes	murasen
Future	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	muraren
Imperative
Affirmative		mura	mure	muremos	murade	muren
Negative (non)		non mures	non mure	non muremos	non muredes	non muren

    Reintegrated conjugation of murar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	murar
Personal	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	murarem
Gerund
	murando
Past participle
Masculine	murado			murados
Feminine	murada			muradas
Indicative
Present	muro	muras	mura	muramos	murades, murais	muram
Imperfect	murava	muravas	murava	murávamos	murávades, muráveis, murávais1	muravam
Preterite	murei	muraste, murache1	murou	muramos	murastes	murárom, muraram
Pluperfect	murara	muraras	murara	muráramos	murárades, muráreis, murárais1	muraram
Future	murarei	murarás	murará	muraremos	muraredes, murareis	murarám, murarão
Conditional	muraria	murarias	muraria	muraríamos	muraríades, muraríeis, muraríais1	murariam
Subjunctive
Present	mure	mures	mure	muremos	muredes, mureis	murem
Imperfect	murasse	murasses	murasse	murássemos	murássedes, murásseis	murassem
Future	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	murarem
Imperative
Affirmative		mura	mure	muremos	murade, murai	murem
Negative (nom)		nom mures	nom mure	nom muremos	nom muredes, nom mureis	nom murem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• murador

Related terms

• mexillón
• morcego
• muraño
• músculo

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “murar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “murar”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Santamarina, editor (2006–2013), “murar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “murar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026
• Antón Santamarina, Ernesto X. González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “murar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “murar”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “murar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Irish

Alternative forms

• marar
• munar

Etymology

mura +‎ -r

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmˠʊɾˠəɾˠ/

Conjunction

murar (triggers lenition except of past autonomous forms)

1. if... not, unless

   murar chaill sé é, faigheann

   if he didn’t lose it.

   murar cailleadh iad

   if they hadn’t died

Usage notes

Preverbal form used with the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs.

Particle

murar (past/conditional copular particle used before a consonant, form used before a vowel murarbh)

1. if... was not, unless... was

   murar bhréag é

   if it was not a lie; if it had not been a lie

Related terms

Irish copular forms

simple copular forms
present/future		affirmative	negative	interrogative	negative interrogative
main clause		is	ní	an	nach, náchd
relative clause	direct		nach, náchd	—
	indirect	ar, arbv
other subordinate clause		gur, gurbv		an	nach, náchd
past/conditional		affirmative	negative	interrogative	negative interrogative
main clause		ba, b’v	níor, níorbhv	ar, arbhv	nár, nárbhv
relative clause	direct	ba, abv	nár, nárbhv	—
	indirect	ar, arbhv
other subordinate clause		gur, gurbhv		ar, arbhv	nár, nárbhv
present subjunctive		affirmative	negative
—		gura, gurabv	nára, nárabv
compound copular forms
base word		present/future		past/conditional
cá		cár, cárbv		cár, cárbhv
cé		cér, cérbv		cér, cérbhv
dá		—		dá mba, dá mb’v
de/do		dar, darbv		dar, darbhv
faoi		faoinar, faoinarbv		faoinar, faoinarbhv
i		inar, inarbv		inar, inarbhv
le		lenar, lenarbv		lenar, lenarbhv
má		más		má ba, má b’v
mura		mura, murabv		murar, murarbhv
ó (preposition)		ónar, ónarbv		ónar, ónarbhv
ó (conjunction)		ós		ó ba, ó b’v
trí		trínar, trínarbv		trínar, trínarbhv

^v Used before vowel sounds ^d Dialectal

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

murar m

1. indefinite plural of mur

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /muˈɾa(ʁ)/ [muˈɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /muˈɾa(ʁ)/ [muˈɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /muˈɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /muˈɾa(ʁ)/ [muˈɾa(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /muˈɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /muˈɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /muˈɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /muˈɾa.ɾi/

• Homophone: morar (Portugal)
• Hyphenation: mu‧rar

Etymology 1

From muro (“wall”) +‎ -ar. From Old Galician-Portuguese murar.

Verb

murar (first-person singular present muro, first-person singular preterite murei, past participle murado)

1. to wall

Conjugation

    Conjugation of murar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	murar
Personal	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	murarem
Gerund
	murando
Past participle
Masculine	murado			murados
Feminine	murada			muradas
Indicative
Present	muro	muras	mura	muramos	murais	muram
Imperfect	murava	muravas	murava	murávamos	muráveis	muravam
Preterite	murei	muraste	murou	muramos1, murámos2	murastes	muraram
Pluperfect	murara	muraras	murara	muráramos	muráreis	muraram
Future	murarei	murarás	murará	muraremos	murareis	murarão
Conditional	muraria	murarias	muraria	muraríamos	muraríeis	murariam
Subjunctive
Present	mure	mures	mure	muremos	mureis	murem
Imperfect	murasse	murasses	murasse	murássemos	murásseis	murassem
Future	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	murarem
Imperative
Affirmative		mura	mure	muremos	murai	murem
Negative (não)		não mures	não mure	não muremos	não mureis	não murem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Etymology 2

From mure (“mouse”) +‎ -ar. Mure from Old Galician-Portuguese mur (“mouse”).

Verb

murar (first-person singular present muro, first-person singular preterite murei, past participle murado)

1. to mouse (hunt or catch mice; usually of cats)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of murar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	murar
Personal	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	murarem
Gerund
	murando
Past participle
Masculine	murado			murados
Feminine	murada			muradas
Indicative
Present	muro	muras	mura	muramos	murais	muram
Imperfect	murava	muravas	murava	murávamos	muráveis	muravam
Preterite	murei	muraste	murou	muramos1, murámos2	murastes	muraram
Pluperfect	murara	muraras	murara	muráramos	muráreis	muraram
Future	murarei	murarás	murará	muraremos	murareis	murarão
Conditional	muraria	murarias	muraria	muraríamos	muraríeis	murariam
Subjunctive
Present	mure	mures	mure	muremos	mureis	murem
Imperfect	murasse	murasses	murasse	murássemos	murásseis	murassem
Future	murar	murares	murar	murarmos	murardes	murarem
Imperative
Affirmative		mura	mure	muremos	murai	murem
Negative (não)		não mures	não mure	não muremos	não mureis	não murem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Further reading

• “murar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “murar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *mey-

Proto-Indo-European *-ros

Proto-Indo-European *moyros

Proto-Italic *moiros

Latin mūrus

Old Spanish muro

Spanish muro

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -āre

Old Spanish -ar

Spanish -ar

Spanish murar

From muro + -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /muˈɾaɾ/ [muˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: mu‧rar

Verb

murar (first-person singular present muro, first-person singular preterite muré, past participle murado)

1. (transitive) to surround with a wall

Conjugation

    Conjugation of murar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			murar
gerund			murando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		murado		murada
		plural		murados		muradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	muro	murastú murásvos	mura	muramos	muráis	muran
	imperfect	muraba	murabas	muraba	murábamos	murabais	muraban
	preterite	muré	muraste	muró	muramos	murasteis	muraron
	future	muraré	murarás	murará	muraremos	muraréis	murarán
	conditional	muraría	murarías	muraría	muraríamos	muraríais	murarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	mure	murestú murésvos2	mure	muremos	muréis	muren
	imperfect (ra)	murara	muraras	murara	muráramos	murarais	muraran
	imperfect (se)	murase	murases	murase	murásemos	muraseis	murasen
	future1	murare	murares	murare	muráremos	murareis	muraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		muratú murávos	mure	muremos	murad	muren
	negative		no mures	no mure	no muremos	no muréis	no muren

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of murar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive murar	dative	murarme	murarte	murarle, murarse	murarnos	muraros	murarles, murarse
	accusative	murarme	murarte	murarlo, murarla, murarse	murarnos	muraros	murarlos, murarlas, murarse
with gerund murando	dative	murándome	murándote	murándole, murándose	murándonos	murándoos	murándoles, murándose
	accusative	murándome	murándote	murándolo, murándola, murándose	murándonos	murándoos	murándolos, murándolas, murándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative mura	dative	múrame	múrate	múrale	múranos	not used	múrales
	accusative	múrame	múrate	múralo, múrala	múranos	not used	múralos, múralas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative murá	dative	murame	murate	murale	muranos	not used	murales
	accusative	murame	murate	muralo, murala	muranos	not used	muralos, muralas
with formal second-person singular imperative mure	dative	múreme	not used	múrele, múrese	múrenos	not used	múreles
	accusative	múreme	not used	múrelo, múrela, múrese	múrenos	not used	múrelos, múrelas
with first-person plural imperative muremos	dative	not used	murémoste	murémosle	murémonos	murémoos	murémosles
	accusative	not used	murémoste	murémoslo, murémosla	murémonos	murémoos	murémoslos, murémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative murad	dative	muradme	not used	muradle	muradnos	muraos	muradles
	accusative	muradme	not used	muradlo, muradla	muradnos	muraos	muradlos, muradlas
with formal second-person plural imperative muren	dative	múrenme	not used	múrenle	múrennos	not used	múrenles, múrense
	accusative	múrenme	not used	múrenlo, múrenla	múrennos	not used	múrenlos, múrenlas, múrense

Further reading

• “murar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Swedish

Noun

murar

1. indefinite plural of mur

Verb

murar

1. present indicative of mura