žinoti
Appearance
See also: ziņoti
Lithuanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źināˀtei, alternative form of *źnōˀtei; compare Latvian zinât (“know”), Old Prussian posinnat (“confess”), Proto-Slavic *znàti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥néh₃ti, from *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). The Baltic words are from the nasal-infixed present, *ǵn̥néh₃-, while the Slavic forms are from the aorist, *ǵnéh₃-.[1] Cognates include Proto-Germanic *kunnaną, Sanskrit जानाति (jānā́ti, “know”), Ancient Greek γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “know”), Latin nōscō (“know, recognise”).
In view of the present tense and derivatives, the verb was apparently later reanalysed as containing the verbal suffix -óti.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]žinóti (third-person present tense ži̇̀no, third-person past tense žinójo)
- to know (be aware of; sure of)
Conjugation
[edit]singular vienaskaita | plural daugiskaita | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
indicative | present | žinaũ | žinai̇̃ | ži̇̀no | ži̇̀nome, ži̇̀nom |
ži̇̀note, ži̇̀not |
ži̇̀no | |
past | žinójau | žinójai | žinójo | žinójome, ži̇̀nėm |
žinójote, ži̇̀nėt |
žinójo | ||
past frequentative | žinódavau | žinódavai | žinódavo | žinódavome, žinódavom |
žinódavote, žinódavot |
žinódavo | ||
future | žinósiu | žinósi | žinós | žinósime, žinósim |
žinósite, žinósit |
žinós | ||
subjunctive | žinóčiau | žinótum | žinótų | žinótumėme, žinótumėm, žinótume |
žinótumėte, žinótumėt |
žinótų | ||
imperative | — | žinók, žinóki |
teži̇̀no | žinókime, žinókim |
žinókite, žinókit |
teži̇̀no |
|
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 519–520
Categories:
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-
- Lithuanian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lithuanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lithuanian lemmas
- Lithuanian verbs