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žinoti

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: ziņoti

Lithuanian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źināˀtei, alternative form of *źnōˀtei; compare Latvian zinât (“know”), Old Prussian posinnat (“confess”), Proto-Slavic *znàti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥néh₃ti, from *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). The Baltic words are from the nasal-infixed present, *ǵn̥néh₃-, while the Slavic forms are from the aorist, *ǵnéh₃-.[1] Cognates include Proto-Germanic *kunnaną, Sanskrit जानाति (jānā́ti, “know”), Ancient Greek γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “know”), Latin nōscō (“know, recognise”).

In view of the present tense and derivatives, the verb was apparently later reanalysed as containing the verbal suffix -óti.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ʒʲɪ¹ˈnoːtʲɪ]
  • Rhymes: -oːtʲɪ
  • Syllabification: ži‧nó‧ti

Verb

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žinóti (third-person present tense ži̇̀no, third-person past tense žinójo)

  1. to know (be aware of; sure of)
    Žinaũ, ką̃ galvóji. – I know what you're thinking
    Dejà, anaiptõl ne visi̇́ems nežinotinas, kur̃ šuõ pakàstas. – Unfortunately, by no means does everyone need to know the crux of the matter.

Conjugation

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Participles of žinoti
adjectival
active passive
present ži̇̀nąs
ži̇̀nantis
ži̇̀nomas
past žinójęs žinótas
past frequentative žinódavęs —
future žinósiąs
žinósiantis
žinósimas
participle of necessity — žinótinas
adverbial
special (pusdalyvis) žinódamas
half-participle
(padalyviai)
present ži̇̀nant
past žinójus
past frequentative žinódavus
future žinósiant
manner of action (būdinys) žinóte
žinótinai

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015), Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 519–520