arder

See also: årder and ard-er

English

Noun

arder

1. (obsolete) plowing or fallowing
2. (obsolete) fallow land
   • 1526, Publications of the Surtees Society, volume 104, published 1902, page 20:

     Memo. yt I, John Busby of Tentergate, aforesaid, surrender &c. a waste lyeng in Bryggate, with thre akers arder land, and a half and a roode and a halff, lieng wtin the feldes of Screvyn, Feryngesbye and Pelwell, to thuse of Sir John Robynson ye forsaid vicar […]

Anagrams

• Rader, arred, darer, drear, rared, rear'd, reard

Asturian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin ārdēre.

Verb

arder (first-person singular indicative present ardo, past participle ardíu)

1. (intransitive) to burn (be consumed by fire)

Conjugation

Conjugation of arder

infinitive		arder
gerundive		ardiendo
participle		m ardíu, f ardida, n ardío, m pl ardíos, f pl ardíes
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	ardo	ardes	arde	ardemos	ardéis	arden
	imperfect	ardía	ardíes	ardía	ardíemos	ardíeis	ardíen
	preterite	ardí	ardiesti	ardió	ardiemos	ardiestis	ardieron
	pluperfect	ardiere	ardieres	ardiere	ardiéremos	ardiereis	ardieren
	future	arderé	arderás	arderá	arderemos	arderéis	arderán
	conditional	ardería	arderíes	ardería	arderíemos/arderíamos	arderíeis/arderíais	arderíen
subjunctive	present	arda	ardas	arda	ardamos	ardáis	ardan
	imperfect	ardiere	ardieres	ardiere	ardiéremos	ardiereis	ardieren
imperative			ardi			ardéi

Synonyms

• quemar
• amburar

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese arder (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin ārdēre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [aɾˈðɛɾ], [aɾˈðɛɾɛ]

Verb

arder (first-person singular present ardo, first-person singular preterite ardín, past participle ardido)
arder (first-person singular present ardo, first-person singular preterite ardim or ardi, past participle ardido, reintegrationist norm)

1. (intransitive) to burn
   • 1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 412:

     Et o fedor era tamaño et tã perigooso que nõ ha home que o sofrer podesse, nẽ sse alý podesse achegar, mẽtre alý aqueles corpos ardíã.

     And the stench was so big and so dangerous that there is no man that could stand it, nor that could come closer, while that bodies were burning there

2. (intransitive) to be hot

   Synonym: queimar

3. (intransitive) to be spicy or salty
4. (intransitive, of the sea) to be phosphorescent

Conjugation

    Conjugation of arder

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	arder
Personal	arder	arderes	arder	ardermos	arderdes	arderen
Gerund
	ardendo
Past participle
Masculine	ardido			ardidos
Feminine	ardida			ardidas
Indicative
Present	ardo	ardes	arde	ardemos	ardedes	arden
Imperfect	ardía	ardías	ardía	ardiamos	ardiades	ardían
Preterite	ardín	ardiches	ardeu	ardemos	ardestes	arderon
Pluperfect	ardera	arderas	ardera	arderamos	arderades	arderan
Future	arderei	arderás	arderá	arderemos	arderedes	arderán
Conditional	ardería	arderías	ardería	arderiamos	arderiades	arderían
Subjunctive
Present	arda	ardas	arda	ardamos	ardades	ardan
Imperfect	ardese	ardeses	ardese	ardésemos	ardésedes	ardesen
Future	arder	arderes	arder	ardermos	arderdes	arderen
Imperative
Affirmative		arde	arda	ardamos	ardede	ardan
Negative (non)		non ardas	non arda	non ardamos	non ardades	non ardan

    Reintegrated conjugation of arder (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	arder
Personal	arder	arderes	arder	ardermos	arderdes	arderem
Gerund
	ardendo
Past participle
Masculine	ardido			ardidos
Feminine	ardida			ardidas
Indicative
Present	ardo	ardes	arde	ardemos	ardedes, ardeis	ardem
Imperfect	ardia	ardias	ardia	ardíamos	ardíades, ardíeis, ardíais1	ardiam
Preterite	ardim, ardi	ardeste, ardeche1	ardeu	ardemos	ardestes	ardêrom, arderam
Pluperfect	ardera	arderas	ardera	ardêramos	ardêrades, ardêreis, ardêrais1	arderam
Future	arderei	arderás	arderá	arderemos	arderedes, ardereis	arderám, arderão
Conditional	arderia	arderias	arderia	arderíamos	arderíades, arderíeis, arderíais1	arderiam
Subjunctive
Present	arda	ardas	arda	ardamos	ardades, ardais	ardam
Imperfect	ardesse	ardesses	ardesse	ardêssemos	ardêssedes, ardêsseis	ardessem
Future	arder	arderes	arder	ardermos	arderdes	arderem
Imperative
Affirmative		arde	arda	ardamos	ardede, ardei	ardam
Negative (nom)		nom ardas	nom arda	nom ardamos	nom ardades, nom ardais	nom ardam

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

• ardencia
• ardente
• ardentía
• ardor
• ardora
• augardente

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “arder”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “arder”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “arder”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “arder”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “arder”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “arder” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “arder”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin ārdēre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aɾˈdeɾ/
• Rhymes: -eɾ

Verb

arder

1. (intransitive) to burn
   • a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 4 (facsimile):

     Eſta e como Santa maria guardou ao fillo do judeu que non ardeſſe que ſeu padre deitara no forno.

     This one is (about) how Holy Mary protected from being burnt the son of the Jew whose father had lain him in the furnace.

Descendants

• Galician: arder
• Portuguese: arder

Further reading

• Universo Cantigas - "arder"

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese arder, from Latin ārdēre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /aʁˈde(ʁ)/ [aɦˈde(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /aʁˈde(ʁ)/ [aɦˈde(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /aɾˈde(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /aʁˈde(ʁ)/ [aʁˈde(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /aɻˈde(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐɾˈdeɾ/ [ɐɾˈðeɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐɾˈdeɾ/ [ɐɾˈðeɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐɾˈde.ɾi/ [ɐɾˈðe.ɾi]

• Hyphenation: ar‧der

• Audio (São Paulo):

  (file)

Verb

arder (first-person singular present ardo, first-person singular preterite ardi, past participle ardido)

1. (intransitive, chiefly Portugal) to burn (be in flames)
   • 1607, Luís Vaz de Camões, Rimas, Amor é fogo que arde sem se ver:

     Amor he hum fogo que arde ſem ſe ver

     Love is a fire that burns but is not seen

   Synonym: queimar

2. (intransitive) to be feverish
3. (intransitive) to feel a burning sensation
4. (intransitive) to feel a spicy sensation

Conjugation

    Conjugation of arder (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	arder
Personal	arder	arderes	arder	ardermos	arderdes	arderem
Gerund
	ardendo
Past participle
Masculine	ardido			ardidos
Feminine	ardida			ardidas
Indicative
Present	ardo	ardes	arde	ardemos	ardeis	ardem
Imperfect	ardia	ardias	ardia	ardíamos	ardíeis	ardiam
Preterite	ardi	ardeste	ardeu	ardemos	ardestes	arderam
Pluperfect	ardera	arderas	ardera	ardêramos	ardêreis	arderam
Future	arderei	arderás	arderá	arderemos	ardereis	arderão
Conditional	arderia	arderias	arderia	arderíamos	arderíeis	arderiam
Subjunctive
Present	arda	ardas	arda	ardamos	ardais	ardam
Imperfect	ardesse	ardesses	ardesse	ardêssemos	ardêsseis	ardessem
Future	arder	arderes	arder	ardermos	arderdes	arderem
Imperative
Affirmative		arde	arda	ardamos	ardei	ardam
Negative (não)		não ardas	não arda	não ardamos	não ardais	não ardam

Related terms

• ardego
• ardência
• ardente
• ardentemente
• ardido
• ardor

Further reading

• “arder”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
• “arder”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
• “arder” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “arder”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
• “arder”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
• “arder”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin ārdēre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aɾˈdeɾ/ [aɾˈð̞eɾ]
• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Syllabification: ar‧der

Verb

arder (first-person singular present ardo, first-person singular preterite ardí, past participle ardido)

1. (intransitive) to burn, blaze (to be consumed by fire or in flames)

   Synonym: quemar

2. (intransitive) to burn, to sting, to smart (to hurt, be in pain)
   • 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 168:

     Cuando arde la oreja izquierda, ya sabe la persona que están hablando mal de ella.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. (intransitive) to burn, seethe (to be in an agitated or angry mental state)
4. (intransitive, of manure) to rot (to suffer decomposition due to biological action)
5. (intransitive, chiefly in the third person, colloquial, Mexico) to cause someone resentment or irritation [with dative]

   Le ardieron los insultos que dijiste.

   The insults you said caused him resentment.

   Me ardió mucho que me gritaras.

   The fact that you screamed at me caused me resentment.

6. (intransitive, pronominal, Internet slang) to get resentful, offended

   Él se ardió por un chiste.

   He got resentful because of a joke.

   Me ardí con tu comentario.

   I got resentful due to your comment.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of arder (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			arder
gerund			ardiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		ardido		ardida
		plural		ardidos		ardidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	ardo	ardestú ardésvos	arde	ardemos	ardéis	arden
	imperfect	ardía	ardías	ardía	ardíamos	ardíais	ardían
	preterite	ardí	ardiste	ardió	ardimos	ardisteis	ardieron
	future	arderé	arderás	arderá	arderemos	arderéis	arderán
	conditional	ardería	arderías	ardería	arderíamos	arderíais	arderían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	arda	ardastú ardásvos2	arda	ardamos	ardáis	ardan
	imperfect (ra)	ardiera	ardieras	ardiera	ardiéramos	ardierais	ardieran
	imperfect (se)	ardiese	ardieses	ardiese	ardiésemos	ardieseis	ardiesen
	future1	ardiere	ardieres	ardiere	ardiéremos	ardiereis	ardieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		ardetú ardévos	arda	ardamos	arded	ardan
	negative		no ardas	no arda	no ardamos	no ardáis	no ardan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of arder

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive arder	dative	arderme	arderte	arderle, arderse	ardernos	arderos	arderles, arderse
	accusative	arderme	arderte	arderlo, arderla, arderse	ardernos	arderos	arderlos, arderlas, arderse
with gerund ardiendo	dative	ardiéndome	ardiéndote	ardiéndole, ardiéndose	ardiéndonos	ardiéndoos	ardiéndoles, ardiéndose
	accusative	ardiéndome	ardiéndote	ardiéndolo, ardiéndola, ardiéndose	ardiéndonos	ardiéndoos	ardiéndolos, ardiéndolas, ardiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative arde	dative	árdeme	árdete	árdele	árdenos	not used	árdeles
	accusative	árdeme	árdete	árdelo, árdela	árdenos	not used	árdelos, árdelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative ardé	dative	ardeme	ardete	ardele	ardenos	not used	ardeles
	accusative	ardeme	ardete	ardelo, ardela	ardenos	not used	ardelos, ardelas
with formal second-person singular imperative arda	dative	árdame	not used	árdale, árdase	árdanos	not used	árdales
	accusative	árdame	not used	árdalo, árdala, árdase	árdanos	not used	árdalos, árdalas
with first-person plural imperative ardamos	dative	not used	ardámoste	ardámosle	ardámonos	ardámoos	ardámosles
	accusative	not used	ardámoste	ardámoslo, ardámosla	ardámonos	ardámoos	ardámoslos, ardámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative arded	dative	ardedme	not used	ardedle	ardednos	ardeos	ardedles
	accusative	ardedme	not used	ardedlo, ardedla	ardednos	ardeos	ardedlos, ardedlas
with formal second-person plural imperative ardan	dative	árdanme	not used	árdanle	árdannos	not used	árdanles, árdanse
	accusative	árdanme	not used	árdanlo, árdanla	árdannos	not used	árdanlos, árdanlas, árdanse

Derived terms

• arder Troya
• ardimiento

Related terms

• ardiente
• ardiondo
• ardor

Further reading

• “arder”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
• “arder”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010
• “arder”, in Diccionario del español de México, Segunda edición, Academia Mexicana de la Lengua, 2019