ro

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ro"

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Romanian or Romanian român.

Symbol

ro

1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Romanian.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Romanian terms

A-Pucikwar

Etymology

From Proto-Great Andamanese *rok.

Noun

ro

1. canoe

References

• Juliette Blevins, Linguistic clues to Andamanese pre-history: Understanding the North-South divide, pg. 21 (2009)

Betoi

Noun

ro

1. woman

References

• Raoul Zamponi, Betoi (2003)

Catalan

Alternative forms

• rho

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈro]

Noun

ro f (plural ros)

1. rho; the Greek letter Ρ (lowercase ρ)

Cornish

Etymology

Deverbalised form of ri (“to give”)

Noun

ro m (plural royow or rohow)

1. gift, present
2. donation

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʁoˀ/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse ró (“rest”) (whence also the Icelandic ró (“calm, rest, tranquillity”)).

Noun

ro c (singular definite roen, not used in plural form)

1. calmness

   Synonyms: fred, stilhed

   Antonyms: uro, postyr

2. (obsolete) fun, amusement

Declension

Declension of ro

common gender	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	ro	roen
genitive	ros	roens

Derived terms

• falde til ro
• gå i ro
• gå til ro
• hverken rist eller ro
• i fred og ro
• slå sig til ro
• tage den (det, ..) med ro

Etymology 2

From Old Norse róa (“row”), from Proto-Germanic *rōaną (“to row”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁-.

Verb

ro (imperative ro, infinitive at ro, present tense ror, past tense roede, perfect tense roet)

1. to row (using oars)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ro

active passive present ror roes past roede roedes infinitive ro roes imperative ro — participle present roende past roet (auxiliary verb have or være) gerund roen

References

• “ro” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “ro,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /ro/
• Rhymes: -o
• Hyphenation: ro

Noun

ro (accusative singular ro-on, plural ro-oj, accusative plural ro-ojn)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter R/r.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) litero; a, bo, co, ĉo, do, e, fo, go, ĝo, ho, ĥo, i, jo, ĵo, ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, ŝo, to, u, ŭo, vo, zo

Gilbertese

Noun

ro

1. dark

Indonesian

Noun

ro

1. (law enforcement) clipping of biro

Italian

Noun

ro m or f (invariable)

1. alternative spelling of rho

Anagrams

• or

Japanese

Romanization

ro

1. The hiragana syllable ろ (ro) or the katakana syllable ロ (ro) in Hepburn romanization.

Javanese

Romanization

ro

1. romanization of ꦫꦺꦴ

Laboya

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈroː]

Noun

ro

1. leaf

Derived terms

• ro kutta
• ro wona

References

• Allahverdi Verdizade (2019), “ro”, in Lamboya word list‎^[2], Leiden: LexiRumah

Mambae

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zauq, compare Malay jauh.

Adjective

ro

1. far

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English rā, rāha, from Proto-West Germanic *raihō, *raih, from Proto-Germanic *raihô, *raihą (“deer”).

Alternative forms

• roo, ra, raa, roa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɔ̝ː/
• IPA^(key): /rɑː/ (Early Middle English)
• IPA^(key): /raː/ (Northern)

Noun

ro (plural ros or ron)

2. A roe deer (kind of deer)
3. (rare) The hide of a roe deer.

Derived terms

• roobukke

Descendants

• English: roe
• Scots: ra, rae

References

• “rō, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 17 July 2018.

Etymology 2

From Old English rō, rōw, from Proto-West Germanic *rōu (“calm, rest”).

Alternative forms

• roo, rowe, rou

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /roː/, /rɔu̯/

Noun

ro (uncountable)

2. Peacefulness, serenity, restfulness.

Descendants

• English: roo
• Scots: ro, ruve

References

• “rọ̄, n.(4).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 18 July 2018.

Mizo

Etymology 1

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *raw.

Noun

ro

1. wealth

Derived terms

• ropui

Etymology 2

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *raw.

Adjective

ro

1. dry
2. badly off

Further reading

• Lorrain, J. Herbert (1940), “ro”, in Dictionary of the Lushai language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Old Norse ró.

Noun

ro m or f (definite singular roen or roa)

1. peace, tranquility, quiet

Antonyms

• uro

Derived terms

• fred og ro
• ro i sinnet
• rolig
• sinnsro

Etymology 2

From Old Norse róa.

Verb

ro (imperative ro, present tense ror, passive ros, simple past rodde, past participle rodd, present participle roende)

1. to row (a boat)

Derived terms

• robåt
• roer
• roing
• roklubb
• romaskin
• tungrodd

Etymology 3

Verb

ro

1. imperative of roe

References

• “ro” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ruː/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse ró. Akin to dialectal English roo.

Noun

ro f (definite singular roa, uncountable)

1. calm, tranquility, peace, quiet

Antonyms

• uro

Derived terms

• fred og ro
• ro i sinnet

Etymology 2

From Old Norse róa, from Proto-Germanic *rōaną.

Verb

ro (present tense ror, past tense rodde, past participle rott/rodd, passive infinitive roast, present participle roande, imperative ro)

1. to row (a boat)
2. (figurative) to try to talk one's way out of something

Derived terms

• robåt
• roing
• roklubb
• romaskin

References

• “ro” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• or

Old High German

Alternative forms

• hrō, rao, rāo

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hrau, from Proto-Germanic *hrawaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂-. Cognates include Old English hrēaw, Old Norse hrár.

Adjective

rō

1. raw

Descendants

• Middle High German: rō, rōch, rou, rā
  • Central Franconian: rüh, rieh, reh
    • Luxembourgish: réi
  • German: roh
  • Yiddish: רוי (roy)

Old Javanese

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ro/
• Rhymes: -ro

Numeral

ro

1. two

Derived terms

• akaron
• akaroron
• amiro
• aroron-roron
• arorwan
• aṅro
• karo
• roro
• sakaroro
• sarorwan

Descendants

• Javanese: roro, loro
• → Balinese: ro

Further reading

• "ro" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀭𑁄 (Brahmi script)
• रो (Devanagari script)
• রো (Bengali script)
• රො (Sinhalese script)
• ရော or ရေႃ (Burmese script)
• โร (Thai script)
• ᩁᩮᩣ (Tai Tham script)
• ໂຣ (Lao script)
• រោ (Khmer script)
• 𑄢𑄮 (Chakma script)

Noun

ro

1. nominative singular of ra (“Pali letter 'r'”)

Paraguayan Guarani

Adjective

ro

1. bitter

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɔ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔ
• Syllabification: ro

Noun

ro n (indeclinable)

1. alternative form of rho

Further reading

• ro in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɾɔ/, (North Uist, Barra) [ɾɔ̝~ɾɔ̝̃]

Etymology 1

From Old Irish ró, from Proto-Celtic *ɸro (compare Old Welsh ry), from Proto-Indo-European *pro (compare Latin pro).

Adverb

ro (+ dative, triggers lenition)

1. very, too, much, exceedingly

   ro bheag ― too little

   le ro-aire ― with great care

   ro mhath ― very good

   Tha e ro fhuar.

   It is too cold.

   ro aire ― great attention

   Is tu an Dia ro mhòr.

   Thou art the very great God.

   Chan eil mi ro chinnteach.

   I am not too sure.

   Tha e ro bhochd.

   He is very sick (or poor).

   Chan eil e ro thogarrach.

   He is not excessively willing.

   ro sgairteil ― very active

   ro shleamhainn ― very slippery

   Bu ro chaomh leam tighinn.

   I should very much like to come.

Usage notes

• Used as a prefix to adjectives, and supplying the place of a superlative.
• Lenites the first letter of the following word except if it starts with l, n or r, or by s followed by any consonant except l, n or r.

Etymology 2

From Old Irish ré. Cognates include Irish roimh.

Preposition

ro (+ dative, triggers lenition)

1. before

   Thigibh ro chòig uairean.

   Come before five o'clock.

Inflection

Personal inflection of ro

	Person:		simple	emphatic
singular	first		romham	romhamsa
	second		romhad	romhadsa
	third	m	roimhe	roimhesan
		f	roimhpe	roimhpese
plural	first		romhainn	romhainne
	second		romhaibh	romhaibhse
	third		romhpa	romhpasan

Further reading

• Edward Dwelly (1911), “ro”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[3], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• MacLennan, Malcolm (1925), A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈro/ [ˈro]
• Rhymes: -o
• Syllabification: ro

Noun

ro f (plural ros)

1. rho; the Greek letter Ρ, ρ

   Synonym: rho

Further reading

• “ro”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ruː/

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Norse róa, from Proto-Germanic *rōaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁-.

Verb

ro (present ror, preterite rodde, supine rott, imperative ro)

1. to row; to transport oneself in a small boat, with help of oars

   Vem kan segla förutan vind, vem kan ro utan åror?

   Who can sail without wind, who can row without oars?

   (folk song lyrics)

2. (colloquial, in "ro hit (med något)") to quickly hand over, to pass

   Ro hit med kebabsåsen!

   Pass the kebab sauce!

Conjugation

Conjugation of ro (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	ro		ros
supine	rott		rotts
imperative	ro		—
imper. plural1	ron		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	ror	rodde	ros	roddes
ind. plural1	ro	rodde	ros	roddes
subjunctive2	ro	rodde	ros	roddes
present participle		roende
past participle		rodd

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

• ro hem

Related terms

• kapprodd
• ro hit
• rodd
• roddare
• roddbåt

See also

• åra

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish ro (“rest”), German Ruhe with a secondary meaning in Swedish of entertainment, pastime (during the rest).

Noun

ro c (uncountable)

1. peace, quiet, tranquility

Declension

Declension of ro

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	ro	ros
	definite	ron	rons
plural	indefinite	—	—
	definite	—	—

Related terms

• oro
• oroa
• roa
• rolig

References

• ro in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• ro in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• ro in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• -or, or

Talysh

Etymology

Cognate with Persian راه (rah).

Noun

ro

1. road

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /roː/

Verb

ro

1. soft mutation of rho

Mutation

Mutated forms of rho

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
rho	ro	unchanged	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Related to etymology 2, compare with Igbo lò (“to reflect”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɾò/

Verb

rò

1. (intransitive) to think

   Mo rò pé kò dáa kéèyàn máa jíwèé wò. ― I think it's not good for people to be cheating.

Derived terms

• èrò (“thought”)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɾò/

Verb

rò

1. (transitive) to stir

Usage notes

ro when followed by a direct object.

Derived terms

• rírò (“stirred, stirring”)
• ronú (“to think”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɾō/

Verb

ro

1. (transitive) to hoe, to till

   Oko tí àgbẹ̀ ro lánàá nìyí. ― This is the field that the farmers tilled yesterday.

Derived terms

• roko (“to cultivate, to hoe a field”)

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɾó/

Verb

ró

1. (transitive) to wrap, to tie a wrapper, skirt, or towel.

   Báwo la ṣe máa ró ìró. ― How does one tie a wrapper.

Derived terms

• ìró (“wrapper”)

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɾó/

Verb

ró

1. (transitive) to sound, to emit a sound.

Derived terms

• ìró (“sound”)

Etymology 6

Compare with Igbo lo (“to ache”)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɾō/

Verb

ro

1. (transitive) to pain, to hurt, to ache

   Ẹ̀yìn ń ro mí. ― My back is paining me.

   (My back hurts)

Derived terms

• ríro (“paining”)

Etymology 7

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɾó/

Verb

ró

1. (Ijebu) to live

   Mo ró n’Íbàdọ̀n ― I live in Ibadan

Zazaki

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɾo]
• Hyphenation: ro

Noun

ro m

1. brook, stream, creek