-om

See also: Appendix:Variations of "om"

Chuukese

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈʊm/

Suffix

-om

(added to possessive nouns) your

Related terms

Chuukese possessive determiners
		small objects, concepts	large objects, living things	suffix
singular	first person	ai	nei	-ei
	second person	omw, om	noum	-om
	third person	an	noun	-an
plural	first person	äm (exclusive) ach (inclusive)	nöu̇m (exclusive) nöüch (inclusive)	-em (exclusive) -ach (inclusive)
	second person	ämi, ami	noumi	-emi
	third person	ar	nour	-er

Esperanto

Etymology

Originally -on, it was changed to -om after the publication of Esperanto to avoid confusion with the nominal accusative -o -n.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /om/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -om
Syllabification: -om

Suffix

-om

-quantity (correlative ending of quantity)

Derived terms

ĉiom (“all [of something]”)
iom (“some”)
kiom (“how many, how much”)
neniom (“none”)
(nonce) aliom (“another amount”)
tiom (“that many, that much”)

German

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /-oːm/
Audio: (file)
Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file)

Suffix

-om

-oma

Derived terms

German terms suffixed with -om

Gliom

Melanom

Hungarian

Etymology

From -o- (linking vowel) +‎ -m (personal suffix).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [om]
Rhymes: -om

Suffix

-om

(personal suffix, indefinite conjugation) Forms the indefinite first-person singular present indicative of -ik verbs.
‎alszik (“to sleep”) + ‎-om → ‎alszom (“I sleep, I am sleeping”)
(personal suffix, definite conjugation) Forms the definite first-person singular present indicative of verbs.
‎lát (“to see”) + ‎-om → ‎látom (“I see [him/her/it/them]”)
(possessive suffix) my (first-person singular, single possession)
‎kor (“age”) + ‎-om → ‎korom (“my age”)

Usage notes

Present tense indefinite – personal suffixes

Person		Back vowel	Front vowel
Person		Back vowel	unrounded	rounded
én	1st person singular	-ok	-ek	-ök
én	-ik verbs (optional)	-om	-em	-öm
te	2nd person singular	-sz
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-asz	-esz
	after s, sz, z, dz	-ol	-el	-öl
ő maga ön	3rd person singular	–
ő maga ön	-ik verbs	-ik
mi	1st person plural	-unk	-ünk
ti	2nd person plural	-tok	-tek	-tök
ti	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-otok	-etek	-ötök
ők maguk önök	3rd person plural	-nak	-nek
ők maguk önök	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anak	-enek
See also: present-tense definite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing.

(personal suffix) Variants:
-ok is added to back-vowel verbs

-ek is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs

-ök is added to rounded front-vowel verbs

-om may be added to back-vowel -ik verbs

-em may be added to unrounded front-vowel -ik verbs

-öm may be added to rounded front-vowel -ik verbs

Present tense definite – personal endings

Person		Back vowel	Front vowel
Person		Back vowel	unrounded	rounded
én	1st person singular	-om	-em	-öm
te	2nd person singular	-od	-ed	-öd
ő maga ön	3rd person singular or formal 2nd person singular	-ja	-i
mi	1st person plural	-juk	-jük
ti	2nd person plural	-játok	-itek
ők maguk önök	3rd person plural or formal 2nd person plural	-ják	-ik
See also: present-tense indefinite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing.

(personal suffix, definite conjugation) Variants:
-om is added to back-vowel verbs

-em is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs

-öm is added to rounded front-vowel verbs
(possessive suffix) Variants:
-m is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
‎hajó (“boat”) + ‎-m → ‎a hajóm (“my boat”)

‎kocsi (“car”) + ‎-m → ‎a kocsim (“my car”)

‎palota (“palace”) + ‎-m → ‎a palotám (“my palace”)

‎érme (“coin”) + ‎-m → ‎az érmém (“my coin”)

-am is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
‎ház (“house”) + ‎-am → ‎a házam (“my house”)

-om is added to the other back-vowel words ending in a consonant
‎kor (“age”) + ‎-om → ‎a korom (“my age”)

-em is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
‎kert (“garden”) + ‎-em → ‎a kertem (“my garden”)

‎fül (“ear”) + ‎-em → ‎a fülem (“my ear”)

-öm is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
‎öröm (“joy”) + ‎-öm → ‎az örömöm (“my joy”)

Declension

(possessive suffix):

Inflection (stem in *-a-*, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	-om	—
accusative	-omat	—
dative	-omnak	—
instrumental	-ommal	—
causal-final	-omért	—
translative	-ommá	—
terminative	-omig	—
essive-formal	-omként	—
essive-modal	-omul	—
inessive	-omban	—
superessive	-omon	—
adessive	-omnál	—
illative	-omba	—
sublative	-omra	—
allative	-omhoz	—
elative	-omból	—
delative	-omról	—
ablative	-omtól	—
non-attributive possessive – singular	-omé	—
non-attributive possessive – plural	-oméi	—

Latin

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Italic *-om, from Proto-Indo-European *-om (thematic masculine singular accusative and neuter singular nominative and accusative ending). Cognate with the Ancient Greek - neuter ending -ον (-on) (from Proto-Hellenic *-on) both in names and adjectives.

Suffix

-om m

inflection of -os (“Archaic Latin or Old Latin second-declension ending”):
1. accusative masculine singular
2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
cōnsoltom

iouxmentom

‎locos + ‎-om → ‎locom

‎loucos + ‎-om → ‎loucom

‎Māmarcos + ‎-om → ‎Māmarcom (or genitive plural)

‎mānos + ‎-om → ‎mānom

‎placios + ‎-om → ‎placiom (or genitive plural)

‎poublicos + ‎-om → ‎poublicom

‎sacros + ‎-om → ‎sacrom

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *-oHom

Proto-Italic *-om

Latin -ō̆m

Inherited from Proto-Italic *-om, from Proto-Indo-European *-oHom (genitive plural ending).

Pronunciation

Potentially pronounced as -ōm in Archaic Latin, but some linguists believe vowels were shortened before final -m already in Proto-Italic.

Suffix

-ō̆m m

Archaic Latin form of -um (genitive plural ending)
‎Audeos + ‎-ō̆m → ‎Audeō̆m

‎duo + ‎-ō̆m → ‎duō̆m

‎Māmarcos + ‎-ō̆m → ‎Māmarcō̆m (or accusative singular)

‎placios + ‎-ō̆m → ‎placiō̆m (or accusative singular)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Middle Norwegian -om, from Old Norse -um

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʊm/, /ɔm/

Suffix

-om

(no longer productive) Used to form adverbs
stundom, vonom, tidom, ridomtil, takomtil, stykkomtil
(no longer productive) Used to form adjectives
lagom, follom
(no longer productive) Used to form other phrases
gjennom, mellom, varg i veum

Usage notes

Pronounced with the second tone.

Etymology 2

From Middle Norwegian -onom, from Old Norse -unum

Alternative forms

-å (Sogn)
-ou (Setesdal, Voss)
-u (Hallingdal, Valdres)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʊm/, /ɔm/

Suffix

-om

(archaic or dialectal) Used to form dative case of plural definite nouns
Twist oppi dalom - a song by Norwegian singer and actress Sølvi Wang
- 1875, Ivar Aasen, Symra, →ISBN:
  Gamle Norig, nørdst i grendom.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Usage notes

Pronounced with the second tone.

References

Ivar Aasen: Norsk Grammatik, Universitetsforlaget, 1867
Kjell Venås & Martin Sjekkeland, Dialekter i Noreg (read 04/04/26)
Rolf Theil, Dativ (read 05/04/26)

Russenorsk

Alternative forms

-um
-омъ (-om)

Etymology

Unknown. Was used in the same way in Solombala pidgin verbs, see -омъ (-om).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʊm/, /um/, /əm/, /ɔm/

Suffix

-om

an ending added to almost every verb in any verb tense (because Russenorsk almost does not have any occurrences of verb conjugation)
an ending in fixed expressions with fossilized case ending derived from Russian -омъ (-om) (and, perhaps, Norwegian dialectal dative plural ending -om). See stoberi motrom.