-o-
English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]
Adopted from Latin -o-, originating ultimately from Ancient Greek -ο- (-o-). In English, the connective is found from the Middle English period in direct borrowings from Latin. Direct formations of English terms with the connective, always combining Greek or Latin roots, appear from the 16th or 17th century. From the 18th century, the suffix becomes productive in compounds where the second element is English. From about 1800, formations on all sorts of stems become common.
Interfix
[edit]-o-
- A linking vowel inserted interconsonantally between two morphemes, to ease pronunciation, without contributing to the meaning. It frequently joins words or combining forms of Ancient Greek or Classical Latin origin in the classical compounds of New Latin and international scientific vocabulary, but it can also be used to join modern terms and even abbreviations, either formally or informally.
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Designated in the USAN guidelines for non-proprietary names of monoclonal antibodies.
Affix
[edit]-o-
- (pharmacology) a monoclonal antibody derived from a murine source
Related terms
[edit]- -mab is the base suffix common to all monoclonal antibodies. (See that entry for full paradigm.)
References
[edit]- USP Dictionary of USAN and International Drug Names, U.S. Pharmacopeia, 2000
Further reading
[edit]- “-o-”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “-o-”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- “-o-”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
- “-o-” in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2025.
- “-o-”, in OED Online
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000. - John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “-o, suffix.”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.
Catalan
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Interfix
[edit]-o-
- -o- (forms compounds)
Usage notes
[edit]Has the stressed variant -ò- which is used before certain mostly monosyllabic suffixes such as -crata, -fag, -fob, -graf, -man, etc.
Derived terms
[edit]Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Czech -o-, from Proto-Slavic *-o-.
Interfix
[edit]-o-
- forms compounds
Derived terms
[edit]Dutch
[edit]Interfix
[edit]-o-
Derived terms
[edit]French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Interfix
[edit]-o-
Derived terms
[edit]German
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Interfix
[edit]-o-
Derived terms
[edit]Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Interfix
[edit]-o-
- A suffix-initial vowel (or linking vowel) inserted interconsonantally between the word stem and the suffix, to ease pronunciation, without contributing to the meaning.
See also
[edit]Kashubian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-o-. Compare Slovincian -ô-
Pronunciation
[edit]Interfix
[edit]-o-
- used to link two words in some compounds; -o-
Derived terms
[edit]Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Adopted from the thematic vowel in Ancient Greek -ο- (-o-), often used to form nominal compounds. In Ancient Greek, the connective suffix originates in compounds where the first member is thematic, such as δημοκρατία (dēmokratía), but was extended by analogy to other stems, such as μητρόπολις (mētrópolis). The suffix was borrowed as a connective into Latin, mainly in compounds of Greek origin.
The suffix becomes productive and forms new compounds in learned humanist Latin, from the Renaissance. The connective is especially productive in connecting ethnonyms or geographical terms; genuine Greek stems include Gallo-, and Syro-, but most are of medieval or modern origin, productive from the 15th century, such as Anglo-, Graeco- or Latino-.
Interfix
[edit]-o-
- (post-classical Latin) Suffix forming nominal compounds
- Anglus (“Angle, English”) + -o- + saxonicus (“Saxon”) → anglosaxonicus (“Anglo-Saxon”)
Derived terms
[edit]Old Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-o-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Interfix
[edit]-o-
- used in compound words
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish -o-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ɔ/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɔ
- Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]
- Homophones: o, o-, -o
Interfix
[edit]-o-
- used in compound words
- deszcz + -o- + mierzyć → deszczomierz
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Portuguese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
Interfix
[edit]-o-
Derived terms
[edit]Romanian
[edit]Interfix
[edit]-o-
Derived terms
[edit]Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-o-
Interfix
[edit]-o- (Cyrillic spelling -о-)
Derived terms
[edit]Slovak
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-o-
Interfix
[edit]-o-
- Used to form compounds.
Derived terms
[edit]Slovene
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-o-
Interfix
[edit]-o-
- Used to form compounds.
Derived terms
[edit]Swahili
[edit]Infix
[edit]-o-
- infixed form of -o (“wa class(II), m class(III), and u class(XI) relative marker”)
See also
[edit]| class | subject concord | object concord | relative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| affirmative | negative | |||
| m(I) | a-, yu- | ha-, hayu- | -m-, -mw-, -mu- | -ye |
| wa(II) | wa- | hawa- | -wa- | -o |
| m(III) | u- | hau- | -u- | -o |
| mi(IV) | i- | hai- | -i- | -yo |
| ji(V) | li- | hali- | -li- | -lo |
| ma(VI) | ya- | haya- | -ya- | -yo |
| ki(VII) | ki- | haki- | -ki- | -cho |
| vi(VIII) | vi- | havi- | -vi- | -vyo |
| n(IX) | i- | hai- | -i- | -yo |
| n(X) | zi- | hazi- | -zi- | -zo |
| u(XI) | u- | hau- | -u- | -o |
| ku(XV/XVII) | ku- | haku- | -ku- | -ko |
| pa(XVI) | pa- | hapa- | -pa- | -po |
| mu(XVIII) | m-, mw-, mu- | ham-, hamw-, hamu- | -mu- | -mo |
For a full table including first and second person,
see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Swedish -u, -o, from the Old Swedish genitive form of Germanic feminine ōn-stems.
Alternates with -u- according to Old Swedish rules of syllable weight, where -o was used after heavy syllables and -u after light.
Interfix
[edit]-o-
- Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds.
Usage notes
[edit]- Used as interfix in compounds with certain old weak feminines ending in -a. Some common ones are hälsa (“health”), e.g. hälsocentral (“health center”); kvinna (“woman”), e.g. kvinnoorganisation (“women's organisation”); känsla (“feeling”), e.g. känsloliv (“emotional life”); vecka (“week”), e.g. veckodag (“day of the week”); vila (“rest”), e.g. vilopuls (“resting heart rate”); lära (“teaching, theory”), e.g. läromedel (“teaching aids”); föda (“food, diet”), e.g. födoämne (“foodstuff”); människa (“human”), e.g. människovärde (“human dignity”); saga (“tale”), e.g. sagobok (“storybook”), etc.
- Alternates with a zero interfix (vowel deletion) in some words, cf. kyrkogård (“churchyard”), but kyrktorn (“church tower”); kronofogde (“enforcement officer”), but kronblad (“petal”).
- The interfix was formerly mostly confined to the written literary language, whereas the spoken colloquial language preferred compounds with no -o- or with -e- in some dialects, but forms with -o- are now common in the spoken language, and formerly colloquial pronunciations such as körrgård for kyrkogård are today less common.
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- Teleman, Ulf; Hellberg, Staffan; Andersson, Erik & Holm, Lisa (1999). Svenska akademiens grammatik 2 Ord. Stockholm: Svenska akad.
- Wessén, Elias (1958). Svensk språkhistoria. 2, Ordbildningslära. 3. ed. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell
Upper Sorbian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-o-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Interfix
[edit]-o-
- used in compound words
- horni + -o- + serbšćina → hornjoserbšćina
Derived terms
[edit]- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English lemmas
- English interfixes
- English terms with usage examples
- en:Pharmacology
- en:Medicine
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan interfixes
- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Old Czech
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech lemmas
- Czech interfixes
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch interfixes
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French interfixes
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German interfixes
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian interfixes
- Kashubian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kashubian lemmas
- Kashubian interfixes
- Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Latin lemmas
- Latin interfixes
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish interfixes
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔ
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔ/1 syllable
- Polish terms with homophones
- Polish lemmas
- Polish interfixes
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese interfixes
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian interfixes
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian interfixes
- Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak lemmas
- Slovak interfixes
- Slovene terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene lemmas
- Slovene interfixes
- Swahili lemmas
- Swahili infixes
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish interfixes
- Upper Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Upper Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Upper Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Upper Sorbian lemmas
- Upper Sorbian interfixes