-zi-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "zi"

Chichewa

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-jí- (“Class 10 object concord”). Cognate with Tumbuka -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”), Yao -si- (“Class 10 object concord”), Swahili -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”) and Tooro -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”).

Infix

-zi-

1. Class 10 object concord.

Swahili

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-jí- (“Class 10 object concord”). Cognate with Tooro -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”), Chichewa -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”), Tumbuka -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”), and Yao -si- (“Class 10 object concord”).

Infix

-zi-

1. them, n class_(X) object concord

See also

Swahili verbal concords (third person)

class	subject concord		object concord	relative
	affirmative	negative
m(I)	a-, yu-	ha-, hayu-	-m-, -mw-, -mu-	-ye
wa(II)	wa-	hawa-	-wa-	-o
m(III)	u-	hau-	-u-	-o
mi(IV)	i-	hai-	-i-	-yo
ji(V)	li-	hali-	-li-	-lo
ma(VI)	ya-	haya-	-ya-	-yo
ki(VII)	ki-	haki-	-ki-	-cho
vi(VIII)	vi-	havi-	-vi-	-vyo
n(IX)	i-	hai-	-i-	-yo
n(X)	zi-	hazi-	-zi-	-zo
u(XI)	u-	hau-	-u-	-o
ku(XV/XVII)	ku-	haku-	-ku-	-ko
pa(XVI)	pa-	hapa-	-pa-	-po
mu(XVIII)	m-, mw-, mu-	ham-, hamw-, hamu-	-mu-	-mo

For a full table including first and second person,
see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns

Tooro

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-jí- (“Class 10 object concord”). Cognate with Swahili -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”), Chichewa -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”), Tumbuka -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”) and Yao -si- (“Class 10 object concord”).

Infix

-zi-

1. class 10 object concord.

See also

Tooro personal pronouns

class	person	independent	possessive	subject concord	object concord	combined forms
						na	ni
class 1	first	nyowe, nye	-ange	n-	-n-	nanyowe, nanye	ninyowe, ninye
	second	iwe	-awe	o-	-ku-	naiwe	niiwe
	third	uwe	-e	a-	-mu-	nawe	nuwe
class 2	first	itwe	-aitu	tu-	-tu-	naitwe	niitwe
	second	inywe	-anyu	mu-	-ba-	nainywe	niinywe
	third	bo	-abo	ba-	-ba-	nabo	nubo
class 3		gwo	-agwo	gu-	-gu-	nagwo	nugwo
class 4		yo	-ayo	e-	-gi-	nayo	niyo
class 5		lyo	-alyo	li-	-li-	nalyo	niryo
class 6		go	-ago	ga-	-ga-	nago	nugo
class 7		kyo	-akyo	ki-	-ki-	nakyo	nikyo
class 8		byo	-abyo	bi-	-bi-	nabyo	nibyo
class 9		yo	-ayo	e-	-gi-	nayo	niyo
class 10		zo	-azo	zi-	-zi-	nazo	nizo
class 11		rwo	-arwo	ru-	-ru-	narwo	nurwo
class 12		ko	-ako	ka-	-ka-	nako	nuko
class 13		two	-atwo	tu-	-tu-	natwo	nutwo
class 14		bwo	-abwo	bu-	-bu-	nabwo	nubwo
class 15		kwo	-akwo	ku-	-ku-	nakwo	nukwo
class 16		ho	-aho	ha-	-ha-	naho	nuho
class 17		(kwo)	N/A	ha- (...-yo)	-ha-	N/A	nukwo
class 18		(mwo)	-amwo	ha- (...-mu)	-ha-	N/A	numwo
reflexive		-enyini, -onyini	—		-e-	—

Tumbuka

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-jí- (“Class 10 object concord”). Cognate with Chichewa -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”), Yao -si- (“Class 10 object concord”), Tooro -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”) and Swahili -zi- (“Class 10 object concord”).

Infix

-zi-

1. Class 10 object concord.