ha-

Abui

Prefix

ha-

1. prefix indicating a relatively high degree of affectedness; contrast he-

   ha-komangdi : to blunt something, to make it blunt (contrast he-komangdi : to dull something, to make it less sharp)

References

• Marian Klamer, The Alor-Pantar languages: History and Typology (2014, →ISBN

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Navajo

Etymology 1

Represents multiple homophonous thematic prefixes of position I, whose exact identification and etymology remain difficult. Young and Morgan (1987, 1992) identify 6 such prefixes. Their main divider is the perfective paradigm they select (Ø-, yi- or yii-perfective).

Prefix

ha- (position I)

1. (Ø/yi) up and out, extraction

   • haigééd ― to dig it up out, to mine it

2. (Ø/yi) examine, inspect

   • haasííd ― to inspect it

3. (Ø/si) upwards, climbing, ascending

   • haaʼnééh ― to climb up crawling

4. (Ø/si) for, after, search (related to -ka and -ká)

   • hainitá ― to look for
   • haalzheeh ― to go hunting for (deer)

5. (Ø/si) old, aging, wearing out

   • haatih ― to grow old

6. (yii/yii) completeness, occurs with di- (see hadii-)

   • hadiisǫ́ǫ́s ― to rip it from end to end

► Navajo verbs with disjunct prefix ha-

See also

• hadii-
• -ka
• -ká

Etymology 2

Alternative form of ho- when found immediately in pre-stem position.

Prefix

ha- (position IV/V)

1. indefinite deictic 3rd-person subject pronoun denoting space or area

   • halchííʼ ― red (area)

2. thematic prefix

   • halneʼ ― to tell

► Navajo verbs with object prefix ho/ha-

See also

• ho-

Navajo possessive pronouns

			singular	dual	plural
1st person			shi-	nihi-	danihi-
2nd person			ni-	nihi-	danihi-
3rd person			bi-
4th person (3o)			yi-
4th person (3a)			ha-, hw-
Indefinite person (3i)			a-