pa-
Albanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Albanian *apa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”). Cognate to Messapic [script needed] (apa, “from, out of, by”),[1] Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, “away, off”), Sanskrit अप (apa).
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]pa-
Derived terms
[edit]Chichewa
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pá-
Prefix
[edit]pa-
- Class 16 subject concord.
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà-
Prefix
[edit]pa-
- Class 16 noun prefix
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]pa-
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- pa- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017
Hawaiian
[edit]Prefix
[edit]pa-
- alternative spelling of pā-
Latvian
[edit]Prefix
[edit]pa-
- Usually found on verbs (and their derived nouns or adjectives) with the meaning 'under' or 'for a short time' (like Lithuanian pa- or Russian по- (po-)).
Derived terms
[edit]Lithuanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“off, away”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *po (“after, by”); see there for more.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]pa-
- Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':
- (with verbs expressing movement) Describes an action's movement under something; under-
- (with verbs) Describes a briefly lasting action
- (with verbs) Describes an action's smallness
- (with verbs) Describes the ability or means to do something
- (with verbs) Describes a meaning specific to the verb
- (with nouns) Describes a place or thing that is under or near to
- (with nouns) Describes approximate time
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “po”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 368-9
Makasar
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-, from Proto-Austronesian *pa-.
Prefix
[edit]pa-
- causative prefix
Derived terms
[edit]Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]pa-
- (not productive) affects the definition in various ways, mostly seen in inherited or borrowed words
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- pa- in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Slovak
[edit]Prefix
[edit]pa-
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “pa-”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
Sundanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Perhaps from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa- (“causative prefix”), from Proto-Austronesian *pa- (“causative prefix”).
Prefix
[edit]pa-
- noun-forming suffix
- verb or adjective-forming prefix indicating an action done to another at the same time (reciprocal construction)
Usage notes
[edit]- If the root words are reduplicated, it can convey the sense of competition done to another. For example:[1]
- pa- + pinter → papinter-pinter (“to engage in a battle of wits”)
- pa- + bisa → pabisa-bisa (“to compete based on skill”)
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- "pa-" in Maman Sumantri, Atjep Djamaludin, Achmad Patoni, R.H. Moch. Koerdie, M.O. Koesman, Epa Sjafei Adisastra. (1985) Kamus Sunda-Indonesia [Sundanese-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Department of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia
Swahili
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *pà-.
Prefix
[edit]pa-
- The prefix for noun class 16 denoting locatives (position at a place).
See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *pá-.
Prefix
[edit]pa-
- there, pa class(XVI) subject concord
- verb-initial form of -pa- (“there, pa class(XVI) object concord”)
See also
[edit]class | subject concord | object concord | relative | |
---|---|---|---|---|
affirmative | negative | |||
m(I) | a-, yu- | ha-, hayu- | -m-, -mw-, -mu- | -ye |
wa(II) | wa- | hawa- | -wa- | -o |
m(III) | u- | hau- | -u- | -o |
mi(IV) | i- | hai- | -i- | -yo |
ji(V) | li- | hali- | -li- | -lo |
ma(VI) | ya- | haya- | -ya- | -yo |
ki(VII) | ki- | haki- | -ki- | -cho |
vi(VIII) | vi- | havi- | -vi- | -vyo |
n(IX) | i- | hai- | -i- | -yo |
n(X) | zi- | hazi- | -zi- | -zo |
u(XI) | u- | hau- | -u- | -o |
ku(XV/XVII) | ku- | haku- | -ku- | -ko |
pa(XVI) | pa- | hapa- | -pa- | -po |
mu(XVIII) | m-, mw-, mu- | ham-, hamw-, hamu- | -mu- | -mo |
For a full table including first and second person,
see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns
Etymology 3
[edit]Prefix
[edit]pa-
- contraction of pa- + -a- (“pa class(XVI) gnomic”)
Tagalog
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Philippine *pa-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-, from Proto-Austronesian *pa-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /pa/ [pɐ]
- Syllabification: pa-
Prefix
[edit]pa- (Baybayin spelling ᜉ)
- adverbial prefix - indicates process of performing the action of the verb
- reduced form of paki- or magpa-
- Patapon naman 'to sa basurahan.
- Could you please throw this to the trash can?
- noun prefix - indicates an object that is ordered or requested to be processed according to the root word
- (informal) indication of direction
- Pa-Espanya ako.
- I'm heading for Spain.
Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Tumbuka
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà-
Prefix
[edit]pa-
- Class 16 noun prefix.
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pá-
Prefix
[edit]pa-
- Class 16 subject concord.
Volapük
[edit]Prefix
[edit]pa-
- Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Albanian 1-syllable words
- Albanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian prefixes
- Chichewa terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chichewa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Chichewa terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Chichewa lemmas
- Chichewa prefixes
- Chichewa subject concords
- Chichewa noun prefixes
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech prefixes
- Hawaiian lemmas
- Hawaiian prefixes
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian prefixes
- Lithuanian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lithuanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lithuanian lemmas
- Lithuanian prefixes
- Makasar terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Makasar terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Makasar terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Makasar terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Makasar lemmas
- Makasar prefixes
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/a
- Rhymes:Polish/a/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
- Polish prefixes
- Slovak lemmas
- Slovak prefixes
- Sundanese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Sundanese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Sundanese terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Sundanese terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Sundanese lemmas
- Sundanese prefixes
- Swahili terms with audio pronunciation
- Swahili terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Swahili lemmas
- Swahili prefixes
- Swahili contractions
- Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Philippine
- Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Philippine
- Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Tagalog 1-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog prefixes
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Tagalog terms with usage examples
- Tagalog informal terms
- Tumbuka terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Tumbuka terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Tumbuka lemmas
- Tumbuka prefixes
- Tumbuka noun prefixes
- Tumbuka subject concords
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük prefixes