under-

See also: under and ûnder

English

Etymology

From Middle English under-, from Old English under-, from Proto-Germanic *under, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥dʰér (“lower”) and *n̥tér (“inside”). For more, see under.

Prefix

under-

1. Beneath, under
2. Behind
3. Deficient, below what is correct
4. Subordinate to

Usage notes

• In many common cases, this prefix is attached directly to a word. When forming new words, however, it is typically hyphenated until the word becomes common.

Synonyms

• (under): hypo-, sub-, infra-
• (deficient): hypo-, dys-, mal-

Derived terms

English terms prefixed with under-

Translations

under (in any sense): insufficient, insufficiently

• Armenian: թեր- (tʿer-)
• Danish: under-
• Dutch: onder (nl) f
• French: sous- (fr)
• German: unter- (de)
• Greek: υπο- (el) (ypo-)
• Moroccan Amazigh: ⴰⴷⵓ- m (adu-), ⵜⴰⴷⵓ- f (tadu-), ⵉⴷⵓ- m pl (idu-), ⵜⵉⴷⵓ- f pl (tidu-)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: under-

  Nynorsk: under-

• Portuguese: sub- (pt)
• Russian: под- (ru) (pod-), недо- (ru) (nedo-) (insufficient)
• Ukrainian: під- (pid-), недо- (nedo-)

Anagrams

• Duren, nuder, ruden, runed, unred, urned

Norwegian Bokmål

Prefix

under-

1. under-
2. sub-

Related terms

• under

References

Norwegian Bokmål terms prefixed with under-

• “under-” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• poinn- (dialectal)

Prefix

under-

1. under-
2. sub-

Derived terms

Norwegian Nynorsk terms prefixed with under-

Related terms

• under
• undervass-

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *under, from Proto-Indo-European *nter- (“between, among”), akin to Old English under (“under, beneath”), Old High German untar (“between, among”), Latin inter (“between, among”). More at inter-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈun.der/ (as a nominal prefix)
• IPA^(key): /ˌun.der/ (as a verbal prefix)

Prefix

under-

1. between, among

   understandan ― to understand (originally 'to stand between', 'be near to both sides')

   underscēotan ― to intercept

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *under, from Proto-Indo-European *ndhero- (“lower”), akin to Old English under (“between, among, in the presence of”), Old High German untar (“under”), Latin infra (“below, beneath”).

Prefix

under-

1. beneath
2. subordinate to

   underling ― underling, subordinate

Derived terms

Old English terms prefixed with under-

Swedish

Prefix

under-

1. under-
2. sub-

Derived terms

Swedish terms prefixed with under-

Related terms

• under
• undervattens-

Anagrams

• runde, undre