íar

See also: iar, iAr, IAR, iar-, iâr, and í ár

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *eɸirom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi-rom.

Preposition

íar (with dative; triggers eclipsis)

1. after
2. according to

For quotations using this term, see Citations:íar.

Usage notes

When followed by a verbal noun, whose subject is introduced by do (“to, for”), íar may conveniently be translated with the conjunction “after”, for example:

• c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 15^a20

  Ní foí⟨l⟩sitis déicsin a gnúsa íar mbid dó oc accaldim Dé, oc tindnacul recto dó.

  They would not have endured the beholding of his face after he had been conversing with God, at the bestowing of the law to him.

  (literally, “…after the being to him at conversing…”)

Inflection

Inflection of íar

	Person:		normal	emphatic
singular	first
	second		íarmut
	third m or n	dative	íarum
		accusative
	third f	dative
		accusative
plural	first
	second
	third	dative	*íarmaib
		accusative

Combined with a definite article:

• íarsin(d) (“after the sg”)
• íar(s)naib (“after the pl”)

Combined with a possessive determiner:

• íarna (“after his/her/its/their”)
• íarnar (“after our”)

Combined with the relative pronoun:

• íarsa (“after which”)

Derived terms

• aníar (“from the west”)
• íarar, íarair (“search”)
• íardaige (“result”)
• íarraid (“to ask for”)
• íarum (“then”)

Related terms

• íarm-

Descendants

• Irish: ar (partly)
• ⇒ Middle Irish: íarthar (“west”)
  • Irish: iarthar

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 íar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) [1909], D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation of Handbuch des Alt-Irischen (in German), →ISBN, § 840, pages 515–16; reprinted 2017