Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁epi

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Would be locative case of *h₁eps (from *h₁ep-), which could mean "back", with the "on" sense referring to pack animals or riding.

Adverb

*h₁epi

1. on, at, near

Derived terms

• *h₁epi-ro-
  • Proto-Celtic: *eɸirom
    • Old Irish: íar

Related terms

• *h₁op-s
  • Proto-Italic: *obs
    • Latin: obs
• *h₁op-i
  • Proto-Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: ու (u)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *opí, *opi-
    • Ancient Greek: ὀπι- (opi-) (in e.g. ὀπίσω (opísō))
    • Mycenaean Greek: 𐀃𐀠 (o-pi)
  • >? Proto-Italic: *opi
    • Latin: ob, ap(ud)
    • Oscan: 𐌞𐌐 (úp), op
• *h₁op-i-s
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ὄπισθεν (ópisthen), ὀπίσω (opísō), ἀνόπιν (anópin), κατόπιν (katópin), μετόπιν (metópin)
• *h₁op(i)-tero-
  • >? Proto-Germanic: *after (more likely < *h₂ep(o)-tero-) (see there for further descendants)
• ⇒? *(h₁)p-ó-s
• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-Germanic: *ēbanþs (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

• Albanian:
  • Albanian: mbi (Tosk)
  • Albanian: mby, Albanian: my (Gheg)
• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: եւ (ew)
    • Armenian: եւ (ew)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pei- (from *h₁pey-?)
  • Proto-Baltic: *pie- (?)
    • Latvian: piedurkne
    • Lithuanian: ap-
• Proto-Germanic: *bi (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic: *epí
  • Ancient Greek: ἐπί (epí)
    • Greek: επί (epí)
  • Mycenaean Greek: 𐀁𐀠 (e-pi)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hápi (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 841