Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eHs-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

• *h₂eh₁s-
• *h₂es-

Root

*h₂eHs-

1. to be/become dry
2. to burn, to glow
3. hearth
4. ashes

Derived terms

► Terms derived from the PIE root *h₂eHs-

• *h₂eHs-eh₁-(ye)- (stative)
  • Italic: *āzēō (“to be dry”)
    • Latin: āreō
• *h₂s-tḗr (“star”)
• *h₂eHs-h₂- (“hearth, fireplace”)
  • Anatolian:
    • Hittite: [script needed] c (ḫāššā-, “fireplace, hearth”)
    • Lycian: [script needed] c (xahadi-, “altar”)
  • Italic: *āzā (“altar”)
    • Old Latin: asa
      • Latin: āra
    • Oscan: aasa- (“altar”)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Anatolian:
    • Hittite: [script needed] c (ḫāšš-, “ash(es); dust; soap”)
  • Germanic:
    • Old High German: essa (“ash”)
    • Old Norse: ᚨᛉᛁᚾᚨ (aʀina, “ash”)
  • Indo-Iranian: *HáHsas
    • Indo-Aryan: *HáHsas
      • Sanskrit: आस (ā́sa, “ashes, dust”)
    • Iranian: *HáHhah
      • Ormuri: [script needed] (yānak, “ash”) < *ās-naka-
  • Tocharian:
    • Tocharian A: asatär (“dries up”)
    • Tocharian B: osotär (“dries up”)
  • Tocharian: *āstäre (“pure”) (possibly)
    • Tocharian A: āştär (“pure”)
    • Tocharian B: astare (“pure”)
  • Tocharian: *ās-
    • Tocharian A: ās-
    • Tocharian B: ās-
• enlarged with a dental
  • Anatolian:
    • Hittite: [script needed] (hāt-ⁱ) / [script needed] (hat-, “to dry up, become parched”)
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: հաստեայ (hasteay, “kind of pastry”) (possibly)
    • Old Armenian: ոստին (ostin, “dry”) (possibly)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Czech: ozditi (“to dry malt”)
    • Old Polish: ozd (“dry malt”)
  • Celtic: *ātis (“furnace, oven”)
    • Old Irish: áith (“furnace, oven”)
      • Irish: áith (“drying kiln”)
    • Middle Welsh: odyn (“kiln”)
      • Welsh: odyn (“kiln”)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἄζω (ázō, “to dry”)
  • Indo-Iranian:
    • Iranian:
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (astaucä, “dry land”)
      • → Old Armenian: աստուճ (astuč, “dry (of bread)”)
  • Italic: *asso- (“dried, roasted”)
    • Latin: assus (“roasted, baked”)
• enlarged with a velar
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: աճիւն (ačiwn, “ashes”)
    • Old Armenian: ազազիմ (azazim, “to grow dry”)
    • Old Armenian: ասկն (askn, “ruby”) (possibly)
  • Germanic: (possibly) *askǭ (“ash, ashes”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἄσβολος (ásbolos), ἀσβόλη (asbólē, “soot”) (possibly)
  • → Finnic: *kaski (“swidden”)

References

• Lubotsky A. M. (1985), “The PIE word for ‘dry’”, in ZVS‎^[1], volume 98, pages 1–10
• Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 371f, 376f
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 7, 44, 118f
• Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997) Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 170b