dust

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See also: Dust and ďüst

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
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Etymology[edit]

From Middle English dust, doust, from Old English dūst (“dust, dried earth reduced to powder; other dry material reduced to powder”), from the fusion of Proto-Germanic *dustą (“dust”) and *dunstą (“mist, dust, evaporation”), both from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”). Cognate with Scots dust, dist (“dust”), Dutch duist (“pollen, dust”) and dons (“down, fuzz”), German Dust (“dust”) and Dunst (“haze”), Swedish dust (“dust”), Icelandic dust (“dust”), Latin fūmus (“smoke, steam”). Also related to Swedish dun (“down, fluff”), Icelandic dúnn (“down, fluff”). See down.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

dust (countable and uncountable, plural dusts)

  1. Fine particles
    1. (uncountable) Fine, dry particles of matter found in the air and covering the surface of objects, typically consisting of soil lifted up by the wind, pollen, hair, etc.
    2. (astronomy, uncountable) Submicron particles in outer space, largely silicates and carbon compounds, that contribute greatly to extinction at visible wavelengths.
    3. (obsolete) A single particle of earth or other material.
  2. (countable) The act of cleaning by dusting.
    • 2010, Joan Busfield, Michael Paddon, Thinking About Children: Sociology and Fertility in Post-War England (page 150)
      […] once they start school, I mean you can do a room out one day, the next day it only needs a dust, doesn't it?
  3. The earth, as the resting place of the dead.
  4. The earthy remains of bodies once alive; the remains of the human body.
  5. (figuratively) Something worthless.
  6. (figuratively) A low or mean condition.
  7. (slang, dated) cash; money (in reference to gold dust).
    • 1852, George Colvocoresses, Four Years in a Government Exploring Expedition:
      'And what do you ask for it?' 'Fifteen thousand dollars.' 'I'll take it.' 'Then down with the dust.'
  8. (colloquial) A disturbance or uproar.
    to raise, or kick up, a dust
  9. (mathematics) A totally disconnected set of points with a fractal structure.

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb[edit]

dust (third-person singular simple present dusts, present participle dusting, simple past and past participle dusted)

  1. (transitive) To remove dust from.
    • 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 12, in The Mirror and the Lamp:
      There were many wooden chairs for the bulk of his visitors, and two wicker armchairs with red cloth cushions for superior people. From the packing-cases had emerged some Indian clubs, […], and all these articles […] made a scattered and untidy decoration that Mrs. Clough assiduously dusted and greatly cherished.
    The cleaning lady needs a stool to dust the cupboard.
  2. (intransitive) To remove dust; to clean by removing dust.
    Dusting always makes me cough.
  3. (intransitive) Of a bird, to cover itself in sand or dry, dusty earth.
  4. (transitive) To spray or cover something with fine powder or liquid.
    The mother dusted her baby's bum with talcum powder.
  5. (chiefly US slang) To leave; to rush off.
    • 1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin 2011, page 75:
      He added in a casual tone: ‘The girl can dust. I'd like to talk to you a little, soldier.’
  6. To reduce to a fine powder; to levigate.
    • 1667, Thomas Sprat, History of the Royal Society of London:
      good Powder differs from bad […] in having more Peter and less Coal; and lastly, in the well dusting of it
  7. To kill or severely disable.

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Faroese[edit]

Noun[edit]

dust n (genitive singular dusts, uncountable)

  1. dust

Declension[edit]

Declension of dust (singular only)
n3s singular
indefinite definite
nominative dust dustið
accusative dust dustið
dative dusti dustinum
genitive dusts dustsins

Icelandic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Middle Low German dûst, from Proto-Germanic *dunstą.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

dust n (genitive singular dusts, no plural)

  1. dust
    Synonyms: ryk, duft

Declension[edit]

declension of dust
n-s singular
indefinite definite
nominative dust dustið
accusative dust dustið
dative dusti dustinu
genitive dusts dustsins

Middle English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Forms with a long vowel are from Old English dūst, from Proto-Germanic *dunstą. Forms with a short vowel are from Old English *dust, from Proto-Germanic *dustą.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

dust (uncountable)

  1. dust, powder
  2. dirt, grit
  3. (figuratively) iota, modicum

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • English: dust
  • Scots: dust, dist

References[edit]

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Back-formation of dustet, from Old Norse dust (dust particle)

Noun[edit]

dust m (definite singular dusten, indefinite plural duster, definite plural dustene)

  1. (derogatory) dork, moron, fool
Synonyms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Norse dust.

Noun[edit]

dust f or m (definite singular dusta or dusten, indefinite plural duster, definite plural dustene)

  1. dust (fine, dry particles)

References[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Norse dust (dust particle), compare with dustete

Noun[edit]

dust m (definite singular dusten, indefinite plural dustar, definite plural dustane)

  1. (derogatory) dork, moron, fool
Synonyms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Norse dust.

Noun[edit]

dust f (definite singular dusta, indefinite plural duster, definite plural dustene)

  1. dust (fine, dry particles)

References[edit]

Old English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *dunstą (“dust, vapour”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (“vapour, smoke”). Akin to Hindi धुआं (dhuā̃, “smoke”), Middle Dutch dost, donst, duust (Dutch dons, duist), Old High German tunst, dunst (German Dunst), Low German dust, Icelandic dust, Norwegian dust, Danish dyst.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

dūst n

  1. dust; powder; mill dust

Declension[edit]

Declension of dust (strong-a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative dūst dūst
accusative dūst dūst
genitive dūstes dūsta
dative dūste dūstum

Descendants[edit]

Old Norse[edit]

Noun[edit]

dust n

  1. dust particle

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • dust in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Scottish Gaelic[edit]

Noun[edit]

dust m (genitive singular dust, no plural)

  1. dust

Usage notes[edit]

  • Also used figuratively for corpse.

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Zazaki[edit]

Noun[edit]

dust c

  1. side; one half (left or right, top or bottom, front or back, etc.) of something or someone.
  2. to level

Derived terms[edit]

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