abu

See also: Appendix:Variations of "abu"

Languages (36)

Translingual

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Afar • Ambonese Malay • Aribwatsa • Bakung • Baoule • Basque • Casiguran Dumagat Agta • Gothic • Hausa • Higaonon • Hiligaynon • Iban • Indonesian • Japanese • Kanakanabu • Kapampangan • Karelian • Karo Batak • Latvian • Lithuanian • Livvi • Ludian • Malay • Manado Malay • Narua • Nyishi • Rukai • Sakizaya • Simalungun Batak • Spanish • Swahili • Tausug • Veps • Yakan • Yogad

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Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Abure.

Symbol

abu

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Abure.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Abure terms

Afar

Etymology 1

Cognate with Saho abo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈabu/ [ˈʔʌbʊ]
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Noun

ábu m 

1. maternal uncle

Declension

Declension of ábu
absolutive	ábu
predicative	ábu
subjective	abí
genitive	abí
Postpositioned forms l-case ábul k-case ábuk t-case ábut h-case ábuh

Coordinate terms

• anná (“aunt”)
• qámmi (“paternal uncle”)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈabu/ [ˈʔʌbʊ]
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Verb

abu

1. first/third-person masculine singular conjunctive of abé

References

• E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “àbu”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2004), Parlons Afar: Langue et Culture, L'Hammartan, →ISBN, page 25

Ambonese Malay

Noun

abu

1. dust

Aribwatsa

Noun

abu

1. water bop

References

• Susanne Holzknecht, The Markham languages of Papua New Guinea (1989), page 71

Bakung

Etymology

From Proto-North Sarawak *abu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

Baoule

Noun

abu

1. turtle

Basque

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abu/ [a.β̞u]
• Rhymes: -abu, -u
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Noun

abu inan

1. (Biscayan) mortar (hollow vessel used to pound)

Declension

Declension of abu (inan V-stem)

	indefinite	singular	plural	proximal plural
absolutive	abu	abua	abuak	abuok
ergative	abuk	abuak	abuek	abuok
dative	aburi	abuari	abuei	abuoi
genitive	aburen	abuaren	abuen	abuon
comitative	aburekin	abuarekin	abuekin	abuokin
causative	aburengatik	abuarengatik	abuengatik	abuongatik
benefactive	aburentzat	abuarentzat	abuentzat	abuontzat
instrumental	abuz	abuaz	abuez	abuotaz
innesive	abutan	abuan	abuetan	abuotan
locative	abutako	abuko	abuetako	abuotako
allative	abutara	abura	abuetara	abuotara
terminative	abutaraino	aburaino	abuetaraino	abuotaraino
directive	abutarantz	aburantz	abuetarantz	abuotarantz
destinative	abutarako	aburako	abuetarako	abuotarako
ablative	abutatik	abutik	abuetatik	abuotatik
partitive	aburik	—	—	—
prolative	abutzat	—	—	—

Further reading

• “abu”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Casiguran Dumagat Agta

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qabu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Noun

abú

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

Gothic

Romanization

abu

1. romanization of 𐌰𐌱𐌿

Hausa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔà.bù/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [ʔà.bʊ̀]

Noun

àbù m (feminine àbā, plural abūbuwā̀, possessed form àbin)

1. thing, object
2. matter, affair, situation
3. possession, property

Higaonon

Noun

abu

1. ash
2. fireplace

Hiligaynon

Noun

abu

1. ash

Iban

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abu/

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)
2. dust

   Synonym: amau

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• aboe (1901–1947)

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈabu/ [ˈa.bu]
• Rhymes: -abu
• Syllabification: a‧bu

Etymology 1

From Malay abu, from Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu. Doublet of hawu.

Noun

abu (plural abu-abu)

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)
2. (rare) synonym of debu (“dust”)

Verb

abu

1. (chiefly obsolete) to have defeat

   Synonym: kalah

Hyponyms

• abu angin
• abu batu bara
• abu bawaan
• abu berat
• abu dapu
• abu dapur
• abu dasar
• abu dodika
• abu gaharu
• abu gosok
• abu gunung api
• abu jenazah
• abu kremasi
• abu lumpur
• abu merang
• abu ringan
• abu soda
• abu terbang
• abu tulang
• abu vulkanis

Derived terms

• abu-abu
• berabu
• kelabu
• memperabukan
• mengabu
• mengabui
• mengabukan
• pengabuan
• perabuan

Etymology 2

From Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū, “father”). Doublet of aba, abi, and abbas.

Noun

abu (plural abu-abu)

1. (dialectal) synonym of ayah (“father”)
2. alternative form of abuan

Etymology 3

Verb

abu

1. to lose (in the game of congklak, spinning top)

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Orya [Term?]

Noun

abu (plural abu-abu)

1. the way to store a baby's placenta by placing it in a sago palm leaf and tucking it between tree branches so that it is not eaten by ground animals.

Further reading

• “abu”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Japanese

Romanization

abu

1. Rōmaji transcription of あぶ
2. Rōmaji transcription of アブ

Kanakanabu

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

Kapampangan

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qabu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /əˈbu/ [əˈbu]
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

Karelian

Regional variants of abu

North Karelian (Viena)	apu
South Karelian (Tver)	abu

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu. Cognates include Finnish apu and Veps abu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑbu/
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Noun

abu (genitive avun, partitive abuo)

1. (South Karelian) help

Declension

Tver Karelian declension of abu (type 1/tyttö b-v gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	abu	avut
genitive	avun	abuloin
partitive	abuo	abuloida
illative	abuh	abuloih
inessive	avušša	abuloissa
elative	avušta	abuloista
adessive	avulla	abuloilla
ablative	avulda	abuloilda
translative	avukši	abuloiksi
essive	abuna	abuloina
comitative	avunke	abuloinke
abessive	avutta	abuloitta
prolative	avučč	abuloičči
instructive	—	abuloin

Possessive forms of abu
1st person	abuni
2nd person	abuš
3rd person	abuh
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

Derived terms

• abuiäni

References

• A. V. Punzhina (1994), “abu”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN

Karo Batak

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu.

Noun

abu

1. ash
2. dust

Latvian

Pronoun

abu

1. genitive plural masculine/feminine of abi

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *abōˀ (“both”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰóh₁, possibly prefixed with *Ho. Cognate with Latvian abi, Old Prussian abbai and Proto-Slavic *oba, and less directly with Sanskrit उभ (ubhá), Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹 (bai), Latin ambo (“both”) and Ancient Greek ἄμφω (ámphō, “both, facing”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɐˈbʊ/

Numeral

abù m pl (feminine abi̇̀)

1. both

Declension

As with dù, dvi̇̀ (“two”):

Declension of abu

	masculine	feminine
nominative	abù	abi̇̀
genitive	abiejų̃	abiejų̃
dative	abi̇́em	abi̇́em
accusative	abù	abi̇̀
instrumental	abiẽm	abiẽm
locative	abiejuosè	abiejosè

Forms of abu

	masculine		feminine
quantitative	abù		abi̇̀
plural	abeji̇̀		abejõs
collective	ãbejetas		ãbejeta
ordinal	-		-

Derived terms

words derived from abù

• abejaip
• abeji
• abi-
• abipus
• abipusis
• abipusiškas
• abirankis
• abišalis
• abudu
• abujai m, abijai f
• abuojas
  • abuoja
  • abuojai
  • abuojėti
  • abuojiškas
  • abuojybė
  • abuojumas
• abušonis

Livvi

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑbu/
• Hyphenation: a‧bu
• Rhymes: -ɑbu

Noun

abu

1. help

Declension

Declension of abu (Type 11/lindu, b-v gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	abu	avut
genitive	avun	abuloin
partitive	abuu	abuloi
illative	abuh	abuloih
inessive	avus	abulois
elative	avuspäi	abuloispäi
allative	avule	abuloile
adessive	avul	abuloil
ablative	avulpäi	abuloilpäi
translative	avukse	abuloikse
essive	avunnu	abuloinnu
abessive	avuttah	abuloittah
comitative	avunke	abuloinke
instructive		abuloin
prolative	avuči

Derived terms

• abuniekka

References

• Tatjana Boiko (2019), Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 11

Ludian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu. Cognate with Finnish apu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑbu/
• Rhymes: -ɑbu
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Noun

abu

1. aid, assistance, help

Declension

Declension of abu (type 5a/rämü, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	abu	abud
genitive	abun	abuiden
partitive	abud	abuid
essive	abun	abuin
instructive	—	abuin
inessive	abus	abuiš
elative	abuspiä	abuišpiä
illative	abuh	abuihe
adessive	abul	abuil
ablative	abulpiä	abuilpiä
allative	abule	abuile
abessive	abuta	abuita
prolative	abuči	abuiči
translative	abuks	abuikš
additive	abuhpiä	abuihepiä
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)

Derived terms

• abuttada
• abutuz

References

• M. Pahomov (2022), Lüüdi-venän, venä-lüüdin sanakirdʹ‎^[1], Helsinki: Lüüdilaine Siebr, →ISBN, page 12

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [a.bu]

  • Audio (Malaysia):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -bu, -u
• Hyphenation: a‧bu

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Noun

abu (Jawi spelling ابو, uncountable)

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

   Synonyms: debu, duli, lebu

2. dust

   Synonyms: debu, habuk

Derived terms

• abu-abu
• keabu-abuan
• kelabu (“grey”)
• mengabu
• mengabui

• abu kayu
• abu logam

Descendants

• Indonesian: abu

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

abu (Jawi spelling ابو)

1. (intransitive) to lose (of congkak and other games)

   Synonym: kalah

Descendants

• Indonesian: abu

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

abu (Jawi spelling ابو, uncountable)

1. a rank in Thailand

Further reading

• “abu”, in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu [Malay Literary Reference Centre] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Manado Malay

Etymology

From Malay abu.

Noun

abu

1. dust
2. ash

Narua

Noun

abu

1. father

Nyishi

Etymology

From Proto-Tani *bo.

Noun

abu

1. father

Rukai

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)
2. (mineralogy) lime

Sakizaya

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.ˈbu/, [a.ˈbu]

Noun

abu

1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

Simalungun Batak

Noun

abu

1. ash

References

• Zufri Hidayat et al. (2015). Kamus Bahasa Simalungun–Indonesia (2nd ed.). Medan: Balai Bahasa Provinsi Sumatera Utara, p. 20.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈabu/ [ˈa.β̞u]
• Rhymes: -abu
• Syllabification: a‧bu

Noun

abu m or f (plural abus)

1. alternative form of abue

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū), construct state of أَبْ (ʔab).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

abu class IX (plural abu class X)

1. father

   Synonym: baba

Tausug

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu.

Pronunciation

• (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /ʔabu/ [ʔɑˈβu]
• Rhymes: -u
• Syllabification: a‧bu

Noun

abu (Sulat Sūg spelling اَبُ)

1. ashes

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu.

Noun

abu

1. help, assistance, aid

Inflection

Inflection of abu (inflection type 1/ilo)
nominative sing.	abu
genitive sing.	abun
partitive sing.	abud
partitive plur.	abuid
	singular	plural
nominative	abu	abud
accusative	abun	abud
genitive	abun	abuiden
partitive	abud	abuid
essive-instructive	abun	abuin
translative	abuks	abuikš
inessive	abus	abuiš
elative	abuspäi	abuišpäi
illative	abuhu	abuihe
adessive	abul	abuil
ablative	abulpäi	abuilpäi
allative	abule	abuile
abessive	abuta	abuita
comitative	abunke	abuidenke
prolative	abudme	abuidme
approximative I	abunno	abuidenno
approximative II	abunnoks	abuidennoks
egressive	abunnopäi	abuidennopäi
terminative I	abuhusai	abuihesai
terminative II	abulesai	abuilesai
terminative III	abussai	—
additive I	abuhupäi	abuihepäi
additive II	abulepäi	abuilepäi

Derived terms

• valdkundanabu

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “одолжение, помощь, содействие, услуга”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[2], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Yakan

Noun

abu

1. ash

Yogad

Noun

abú

1. ash