spray

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See also: Spray

English[edit]

A spray can spraying (#2)
A spray can (#3)

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /spɹeɪ/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɪ

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Dutch sprāien, sprayen, spraeyen (“to spray, sprinkle, spread”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”), from Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to sow, scatter”). Cognate with Middle High German spræjen, spræwen (“to squirt, spray, dust, splash, straw”), Danish dialectal språe (“to open up, burst forth”), Swedish dialectal språ (“to sprout, shoot forth, burst”), Norwegian dialectal spra, spræ (“to splash, splatter, spout, burst forth”), Dutch sproeien (“to spray, sprinkle”), German sprühen (“to spray, sparkle”).

Noun[edit]

spray (countable and uncountable, plural sprays)

  1. A fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid.
    The sailor could feel the spray from the waves.
  2. (figuratively) Something resembling a spray of liquid.
  3. (countable) A pressurized container; an atomizer.
    Synonym: spray can
  4. (countable) Any of numerous commercial products, including paints, cosmetics, and insecticides, that are dispensed from containers in this manner.
    Synonym: spray can
  5. (medicine, countable) A jet of fine medicated vapour, used either as an application to a diseased part or to charge the air of a room with a disinfectant or a deodorizer.
  6. (metalworking, countable) A side channel or branch of the runner of a flask, made to distribute the metal to all parts of the mold.
  7. (metalworking, countable) A group of castings made in the same mold and connected by sprues formed in the runner and its branches[1].
  8. (computing, countable) The allocation and filling of blocks of memory with the same byte sequence, hoping to establish that sequence in a certain predetermined location as part of an exploit.
    • 2015, Herbert Bos, Fabian Monrose, Gregory Blanc, Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses: 18th International Symposium
      This approach would be altered for an optimal omelette based exploit. One would spray the heap with the omelette code solely, then load a single copy of the additional shellcode eggs into memory outside the target region for the spray.
  9. (Australia) A loud scolding or reprimand, usually delivered by a sports coach or similar figure.
    • 2008, Robert Harvey, Harves: Strength Through Loyalty, Macmillan Publishers Aus., →ISBN, page 119:
      On match days he could give a good spray, and in many ways he was an old-fashioned coach, having learned a lot of his approach from Ron Barassi.
    • 2008, Kevin Hillier, Rocket Science: The Biography of Rodney Eade, Macmillan Publishers Aus., →ISBN, page 151:
      Expectations of what they will put up with have changed and a big spray probably doesn't have the effect it used to have. It certainly worked for me, I would get really aggressive and get fired up 'cause it's a motivational device they used.
    • 2018, Paul Amy, Fabulous Fred: The Strife and Times of Fred Cook, Melbourne Books, →ISBN:
      He could give a bloody good spray, Bricey,' Cook says. 'He'd be frothing at the mouth after he'd finished.
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
Descendants[edit]
  • → Esperanto: spraji
  • → Turkish: sprey
Translations[edit]

Verb[edit]

Sprinklers spraying water to irrigate vine plants in a vineyard

spray (third-person singular simple present sprays, present participle spraying, simple past and past participle sprayed)

  1. (transitive) To project a liquid in a dispersive manner toward something.
    The firemen sprayed the house.
    Using a water cannon, the national guard sprayed the protesters.
  2. (ergative) To project in a dispersive manner.
    Spray some ointment on that scratch.
    The water sprayed out of the hose.
  3. (transitive, figuratively) To project many small items dispersively.
    • 2019 November 21, Samanth Subramanian, “How our home delivery habit reshaped the world”, in The Guardian‎[1]:
      The sprawl of sheds like Magna Parks 1 to 3 are a particularly vivid measure, because they host the final moment of relative stasis for millions of products that are then sprayed out to homes in every direction.
    • 2013 June 14, Jonathan Freedland, “Obama's once hip brand is now tainted”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 1, page 18:
      Now we are liberal with our innermost secrets, spraying them into the public ether with a generosity our forebears could not have imagined. Where we once sent love letters in a sealed envelope, or stuck photographs of our children in a family album, now such private material is despatched to servers and clouds operated by people we don't know and will never meet.
  4. (intransitive, zoology) To urinate in order to mark territory.
  5. (transitive, computing, computer security) To allocate blocks of memory from (a heap, etc.), and fill them with the same byte sequence, hoping to establish that sequence in a certain predetermined location as part of an exploit.
    to spray the heap of a target process
    • 2015, Herbert Bos, Fabian Monrose, Gregory Blanc, Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses: 18th International Symposium
      This approach would be altered for an optimal omelette based exploit. One would spray the heap with the omelette code solely, then load a single copy of the additional shellcode eggs into memory outside the target region for the spray.
  6. (transitive, soccer) To pass (a ball), usually laterally across the field and often a long distance.
    • 2012 February 1, Ash Rose, The QPR Miscellany, The History Press, →ISBN:
      Kevin McLeod sprayed the ball across from the left flank where a raging Ainsworth met it on the volley from 25 yards out, crashing the ball into the roof of the net.
    • 2013 August 11, Jamal Orme, The Victory Boys, Kube Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 13:
      Yunus sprayed it to the wing where Ali was in some space.
  7. (transitive, Australian rules football) To kick (a ball) poorly and in an unintended direction.
    • 2011, Ashley Browne, Grand Finals: The Stories Behind the Premier Teams of the Victorian Football League. 1897-1938, Slattery Media Group, →ISBN, page 143:
      Despite a goal to Vin Gardiner for Carlton, courtesy of an infringement, the Blues squandered many opportunities in attack. They sprayed the ball with their field kicking, and in their path toward goal.
    • 2016 June 28, Nick Richardson, The Game of Their Lives, Macmillan Publishers Aus., →ISBN:
      But once again their forwards, including Sloss, sprayed the ball in front of goal and squandered their momentum by kicking a solitary goal and six careless behinds.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle English spray, from Old English *spræġ, sprei (found in place names such as that of Spreyton, England), of unknown origin.

Noun[edit]

spray (countable and uncountable, plural sprays)

  1. (countable) A small branch of flowers or berries.
    The bridesmaid carried a spray of lily-of-the-valley.
  2. (countable) A collective body of small branches.
    The tree has a beautiful spray.
    • a. 1426, Thomas Hoccleve, “The recordyng of aungeles song of the Natiuite of oure lady”, in Frederick James Furnivall, editor, Hoccleve's Works, volume III (in Middle English), London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., published 1897, lines 8–14, page xlvi:
      A blisful flour, owt of this spray schal springe ; / The fruyt þer-of schal be ful precïous ; / A causë haue [we] for to ioye & synge, / In honure of þat maidë gracïous, / That gret comfort schal cause[n] vnto vs ; / ffor now schal faste oure company encrees, / And god with man schal makë smallë pees.
      A blissful flower out will spring out of this spray; / Its fruit shall be very precious; / We have cause for joy and song, / In honour of that gracious maid, / Who will make us very comfortable; / for now our company will grow quickly, / And man will make peace with God.
    • c. 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene. Book VII, Canto VII:
      And from the Trees did lop the needless Spray;
  3. (uncountable) Branches and twigs collectively; foliage.
    • a. 1300, Robert of Gloucester, “Henricus”, in William Aldis Wright, editor, The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester (in Middle English), London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, published 1887, part I, page 755:
      Gret fur he made þer aniȝt of wode & of sprai.
      There, at night, he made a great box out of wood and spray.
    • 1789, William Blake, “A Dream”, in Songs of Innocence:
      Troubled, 'wilder'd, and forlorn, / Dark, benighted, travel-worn, / Over many a tangled spray, / All heart-broke I heard her say
    • a. 1843, John Claudius Loudon, “Catalogue of Culinary Vegetables”, in The Suburban Horticulturalist, London: Bradbury and Evans, published 1845, page 631:
      The pea, being a tendrilled climber, whenever it is to be cultivated to the greatest advantage, ought to be supported by pea sticks, which are branches of trees or shrubs well furnished with spray, and of lengths suited to the height to which the plants grow.
  4. (countable, obsolete) An orchard.
  5. (countable) An ornament or design that resembles a branch.
Translations[edit]
collective body of small branches
branches and twigs collectively — see foliage
orchard — see orchard

References[edit]

  1. ^ 1874, Edward H. Knight, American Mechanical Dictionary

Anagrams[edit]

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English spray.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

spray m (plural sprays)

  1. spray (liquid commercial product sold in a spray container)

Derived terms[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English spray.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈsprei̯/, [ˈs̠pre̞i̯]
  • Syllabification(key): spray

Noun[edit]

spray

  1. spray (device for spraying)

Usage notes[edit]

  • Many of the inflected forms, especially the plurals, are somewhat awkward. Therefore, it may be advisable to use appropriate synonyms for these cases, such as spraypullo, spraytölkki, suihke, suihkepullo.

Declension[edit]

Inflection of spray (Kotus type 21/rosé, no gradation)
nominative spray sprayt
genitive sprayn sprayiden
sprayitten
partitive sprayta sprayita
illative sprayhin
sprayhyn 		sprayihin
singular plural
nominative spray sprayt
accusative nom. spray sprayt
gen. sprayn
genitive sprayn sprayiden
sprayitten
partitive sprayta sprayita
inessive sprayssa sprayissa
elative spraysta sprayista
illative sprayhin
sprayhyn 		sprayihin
adessive spraylla sprayilla
ablative spraylta sprayilta
allative spraylle sprayille
essive sprayna sprayina
translative sprayksi sprayiksi
instructive — sprayin
abessive spraytta sprayitta
comitative — sprayineen
Possessive forms of spray (type rosé)
possessor singular plural
1st person sprayni spraymme
2nd person spraysi spraynne
3rd person spraynsa
Inflection of spray (Kotus type 21/rosé, no gradation)
nominative spray sprayt
genitive sprayn sprayiden
sprayitten
partitive spraytä sprayitä
illative sprayhin
sprayhyn 		sprayihin
singular plural
nominative spray sprayt
accusative nom. spray sprayt
gen. sprayn
genitive sprayn sprayiden
sprayitten
partitive spraytä sprayitä
inessive sprayssä sprayissä
elative spraystä sprayistä
illative sprayhin
sprayhyn 		sprayihin
adessive sprayllä sprayillä
ablative sprayltä sprayiltä
allative spraylle sprayille
essive spraynä sprayinä
translative sprayksi sprayiksi
instructive — sprayin
abessive sprayttä sprayittä
comitative — sprayineen
Possessive forms of spray (type rosé)
possessor singular plural
1st person sprayni spraymme
2nd person spraysi spraynne
3rd person spraynsä

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

French[edit]

Noun[edit]

spray m (plural sprays)

  1. spray can

Hungarian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English spray.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈspreː], [ˈspreːj], [ˈʃpreː], [ˈʃpreːj]
  • Hyphenation: spray
  • Rhymes: -reː, -eːj

Noun[edit]

spray (plural spray-k)

  1. spray (commercial product dispensed from a container)

Declension[edit]

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative spray spray-k
accusative spray-t spray-ket
dative spray-nek spray-knek
instrumental spray-vel spray-kkel
causal-final spray-ért spray-kért
translative spray-vé spray-kké
terminative spray-ig spray-kig
essive-formal spray-ként spray-kként
essive-modal — —
inessive spray-ben spray-kben
superessive spray-n spray-ken
adessive spray-nél spray-knél
illative spray-be spray-kbe
sublative spray-re spray-kre
allative spray-hez spray-khez
elative spray-ből spray-kből
delative spray-ről spray-kről
ablative spray-től spray-ktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		spray-é spray-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		spray-éi spray-kéi
Possessive forms of spray
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. spray-m spray-im
2nd person sing. spray-d spray-id
3rd person sing. spray-je spray-i
1st person plural spray-nk spray-ink
2nd person plural spray-tek spray-itek
3rd person plural spray-jük spray-ik

Derived terms[edit]

Middle English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old English *spræġ, sprei (found in place names such as that of Spreyton, England), of unknown origin.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

spray (plural sprayes)

  1. branch, shoot, or twig of a tree

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology 1[edit]

From English spray.

Noun[edit]

spray m (definite singular sprayen, indefinite plural sprayer, definite plural sprayene)

  1. spray
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Verb[edit]

spray

  1. imperative of spraye

References[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English spray.

Noun[edit]

spray m (definite singular sprayen, indefinite plural sprayar, definite plural sprayane)

  1. spray

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

Polish[edit]

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English spray, from Middle Dutch sprāien, sprayen, spraeyen (“to spray, sprinkle, spread”), from Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”), from Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to sow, scatter”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

spray m inan

  1. aerosol spray (liquid commercial product sold in a spray container)

Declension[edit]

Declension of spray
singular plural
nominative spray spraye
genitive sprayu sprayów
dative sprayowi sprayom
accusative spray spraye
instrumental sprayem sprayami
locative sprayu sprayach
vocative sprayu spraye

Further reading[edit]

  • spray in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • spray in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Unadapted borrowing from English spray, from Middle Dutch sprāien, sprayen, spraeyen (“to spray, sprinkle, spread”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”), from Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to sow, scatter”).

Noun[edit]

spray m (plural sprays)

  1. spray; atomizer (pressurised container with a nozzle that lets out a spray)
    Synonyms: borrifador, atomizador, (Brazil) esprei, aerossol, pulverizador
  2. spray (fine, gentle, disperse mist of liquid)
    Synonyms: borrifo, (Brazil) esprei

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Unadapted borrowing from English spray.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /sprej/
  • IPA(key): /ʃprej/ – folk common incorrect pronunciation.
  • Rhymes: -ej
  • Hyphenation: spray

Noun[edit]

spray n (plural sprayuri)

  1. spray

Declension[edit]

Declension of spray
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) spray sprayul (niște) sprayuri sprayurile
genitive/dative (unui) spray sprayului (unor) sprayuri sprayurilor
vocative sprayule sprayurilor

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Unadapted borrowing from English spray.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /esˈpɾai/ [esˈpɾai̯]
  • IPA(key): /esˈpɾei/ [esˈpɾei̯]

Noun[edit]

spray m (plural sprays or spray)

  1. Alternative form of espray

Usage notes[edit]

According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

Further reading[edit]

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