rigid
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See also: rígid
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle English rigide, from Latin rigidus (“stiff”), from rigeō (“I am stiff”). Compare rigor. Merged with Middle English rigged, rygged, rugged (“upright like a spine, rigid”, literally “ridged”), from ridge + -ed.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
rigid (comparative rigider or more rigid, superlative rigidest or most rigid)
- Stiff, rather than flexible.
- Synonym: inflexible
- Antonym: flexible
- Fixed, rather than moving.
- Antonym: moving
- 2011, David Foster Wallace, The Pale King, Penguin Books, page 5:
- A sunflower, four more, one bowed, and horses in the distance standing rigid and still as toys.
- Rigorous and unbending.
- Uncompromising.
- Antonym: compromising
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
stiff
|
fixed
|
rigorous, unbending
|
uncompromising
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
Noun[edit]
rigid (plural rigids)
- (aviation) An airship whose shape is maintained solely by an internal and/or external rigid structural framework, without using internal gas pressure to stiffen the vehicle (the lifting gas is at atmospheric pressure); typically also equipped with multiple redundant gasbags, unlike other types of airship.
- The rigid could reach the greatest sizes and speeds of any airship, but was expensive to build and bulky to store. Rigids fell out of favor after the R101 and Hindenburg disasters made the type seem unsafe to the travelling public.
- A bicycle with no suspension system.
Synonyms[edit]
(airship):
- Zeppelin (broad sense)
Hypernyms[edit]
(airship):
Hyponyms[edit]
(airship):
- Zeppelin (narrow sense)
Coordinate terms[edit]
(airship):
References[edit]
- “rigid”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “rigid”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
Old Irish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Celtic *regeti (“to extend, stretch, straighten”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, stretch, rule”).[1][2]
Verb[edit]
rigid (conjunct ·reig or ·raig)
- to stretch, to distend
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 20a23
- rechti .i. ro·recht ho methi ⁊ inmairi
- distended, i.e. it has been distended by fat and obesity.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 20a23
Inflection[edit]
Simple, class B I present, reduplicated preterite, s future, s subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Abs. | rigid | regair | ||||||
| Conj. | ·reig; ·raig | ||||||||
| Rel. | riges | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | |||||||||
| Preterite | Abs. | reraig | |||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Abs. | ririss | |||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Conditional | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | ·riastar | ||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | |||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | rige | ||||||||
| Past participle | rechtae | ||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*reg-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 308
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*rig-o- ‘stretch’”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 312–13
Etymology 2[edit]
From Proto-Celtic *rigeti (“bind”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hreyǵ- (“to bind, reach”).[1]
Verb[edit]
rigid (conjunct ·rig)
- to rule, direct
- c. 700, Críth Gablach, published in Críth Gablach (1941, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited by Daniel Anthony Binchy, §30
- Rí, cid ara n-eperr? Arindí riges cumachtu(i) chun[d]rig fora túatha(i).
- The king, why do they call him that? Because he wields [exerts, MacNeill] the power of control [correction, MacNeill] over his people [in a túath].
- c. 800-840, Orthanach, A Chóicid chóem Chairpri chrúaid from the Book of Leinster, LL line 6094
- Reraig Herind ardrí Molt[...]
- The High King [Ailill] Molt ruled over Ireland...
- c. 700, Críth Gablach, published in Críth Gablach (1941, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited by Daniel Anthony Binchy, §30
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Middle Irish: rigid
References[edit]
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*rig-o- ‘bind’”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 311–12
Further reading[edit]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 rigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language (both etymologies)
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 rigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language (as root of derivatives of Etymology 2)
Romanian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Adjective[edit]
rigid m or n (feminine singular rigidă, masculine plural rigizi, feminine and neuter plural rigide)
Declension[edit]
Declension of rigid
Related terms[edit]
Categories:
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hreyǵ-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms with audio links
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɪdʒɪd
- Rhymes:English/ɪdʒɪd/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English terms with quotations
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Aviation
- English terms with usage examples
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃reǵ-
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish verbs
- Old Irish terms with quotations
- Old Irish simple verbs
- Old Irish class B I present verbs
- Old Irish reduplicated preterite verbs
- Old Irish s future verbs
- Old Irish s subjunctive verbs
- Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hreyǵ-
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian adjectives