backgammon

See also: Backgammon

English

Etymology

Probably from back + Middle English gamen, from Old English gamen (“amusement, game”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: ʹbăkgămən, IPA^(key): /ˈbæk.ɡæm.ən/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

Noun

A backgammon board shown in starting position.

backgammon (countable and uncountable, plural backgammons)

1. A board game for two players in which each has 15 stones which move between 24 triangular points according to the roll of a pair of dice; the object is to move all of one's pieces around, and bear them off the board.
   • 1842, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, Lady Anne Granard, volume 1, page 90:

     "I have borrowed Mrs. Palmer's backgammon-board," said Isabella, whose notion of an elderly gentleman's amusements of an evening was derived from what she had seen Mr. Palmer do.

2. (backgammon) A victory in the game when the loser has not borne off a stone, and still has one or more stones in the winner's inner home row or on the bar.

Related terms

• gammon

Translations

board game

• Abkhaz: ана́рд (anárd)
• Albanian: tavllë (sq) f
• Alemannic German: Backgammon n
• Arabic: طَاوِلَة‎ (ar) f (ṭāwila), نَرْد‎ (ar) m (nard), لُعْبَةُ طَاوِلَة‎ f (luʿbatu ṭāwila), طَاوِلَةُ زَهْر‎ f (ṭāwilatu zahr)
• Armenian: նարդի (hy) (nardi)
• Asturian: backgammon m
• Azerbaijani: nərd (az)
• Belarusian: на́рды m pl (nárdy)
• Bulgarian: та́бла (bg) f (tábla)
• Catalan: backgammon m
• Chechen: нардаш (nardaš)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 雙陸棋 (zh), 双陆棋 (zh) (shuānglùqí)

• Czech: vrhcáby (cs) m pl
• Danish: backgammon (da) n
• Dutch: backgammon (nl) n
• Estonian: triktrak
• Finnish: backgammon (fi)
• French: backgammon (fr) m
• Georgian: ნარდი (nardi)
• German: Backgammon (de) n
• Greek: τάβλι (el) n (távli)
• Hebrew: שֵׁשׁ בֵּשׁ‎ (he) (shesh besh)
• Hindi: बैकगैमौन (baikgaimaun), नर्द (hi) m (nard)
• Hungarian: ostábla
• Icelandic: kotra f
• Italian: backgammon m, tric trac m, tavola reale f
• Japanese: バックギャモン (bakkugyamon)
• Kazakh: нарды (nardy)
• Korean: 주사위 놀이 (jusawi nori), 백개먼 (baekgaemeon)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: nerd (ku)

• Kyrgyz: нарды (nardı)
• Latin: nerdiludium m
• Latvian: nardi pl
• Lithuanian: nardai pl
• Luxembourgish: Backgammon n
• Macedonian: та́бла f (tábla)
• Malay: backgammon
• Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (nywʾlthšyl /nēw-ardaxšēr/)
• Mirandese: gamon m
• Norwegian: backgammon n
• Pashto: نرد‎ m (nard)
• Persian: نرد‎ (fa) (nard), تخته نرد‎ (fa) (taxte nard)
• Polish: tryktrak (pl) m
• Portuguese: gamão (pt) m
• Romanian: table (ro) f pl
• Russian: на́рды (ru) m pl (nárdy), триктра́к (ru) m (triktrák)
• Scottish Gaelic: tàileasg m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: тавла f, триктрак m

  Roman: tavla (sh) f, triktrak (sh) m

• Slovak: backgammon m
• Slovene: backgammon m
• Spanish: backgammon m
• Swedish: backgammon (sv) n
• Tajik: нард (nard)
• Thai: แบ็กแกมมอน
• Turkish: tavla (tr) n, nert
• Ukrainian: на́рди m pl (nárdy)
• Urdu: نرد‎ m (nard), تختہ نرد‎ (taxta nard)
• Uzbek: tavla (uz)

See also

• tick-tack
• tric-trac, trick-track

Verb

backgammon (third-person singular simple present backgammons, present participle backgammoning, simple past and past participle backgammoned)

1. To win at a backgammon game with the opponent having one or more pieces in the winner’s inner home row or on the bar.

Further reading

• backgammon on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

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Asturian

Etymology

Borrowed from English backgammon.

Noun

backgammon m (uncountable)

1. backgammon (board game)

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Finnish

Etymology

From English backgammon.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbækɡɑm(ː)on/, [ˈbækɡɑm(ː)o̞n]
• Syllabification: back‧gam‧mon

Noun

backgammon

1. backgammon

Declension

Inflection of backgammon (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)
nominative		backgammon	backgammonit
genitive		backgammonin	backgammonien backgammoneiden backgammoneitten
partitive		backgammonia	backgammoneita backgammoneja
illative		backgammoniin	backgammoneihin
		singular	plural
nominative		backgammon	backgammonit
accusative	nom.	backgammon	backgammonit
	gen.	backgammonin
genitive		backgammonin	backgammonien backgammoneiden backgammoneitten
partitive		backgammonia	backgammoneita backgammoneja
inessive		backgammonissa	backgammoneissa
elative		backgammonista	backgammoneista
illative		backgammoniin	backgammoneihin
adessive		backgammonilla	backgammoneilla
ablative		backgammonilta	backgammoneilta
allative		backgammonille	backgammoneille
essive		backgammonina	backgammoneina
translative		backgammoniksi	backgammoneiksi
instructive		—	backgammonein
abessive		backgammonitta	backgammoneitta
comitative		—	backgammoneineen

Possessive forms of backgammon (type paperi)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	backgammonini	backgammonimme
2nd person	backgammonisi	backgammoninne
3rd person	backgammoninsa

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French

Etymology

Borrowed from English backgammon.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bak.ɡa.mɔn/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

backgammon m (uncountable)

1. backgammon

See also

• trictrac

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Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from English backgammon.

Noun

backgammon m (uncountable)

1. backgammon

   Synonyms: tric trac, tavola reale

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Spanish

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English backgammon.

Noun

backgammon m (uncountable)

1. backgammon

   Synonyms: chanchullo, chaquete, tablas reales

Usage notes

According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

Further reading

• “backgammon”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014