巴

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巴 U+5DF4, 巴
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DF4
← 巳
[U+5DF3]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 巵 →
[U+5DF5]
See also: 色, 笆, and 邑

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

巴 (radical 49 己+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 日山 (AU), four-corner 77717, composition ⿴巳丨)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 327, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8745
  • Dae Jaweon: page 631, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 985, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5DF4

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 巴

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 巴
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
巴-oracle.svg 巴-bronze.svg 巴-bigseal.svg 巴-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (巴) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
巴 *praː
芭 *praː
笆 *praː, *braːʔ
豝 *praː
鈀 *praː, *pʰraː
吧 *praː, *pʰraː
蚆 *praː, *pʰraː
疤 *praː
把 *praːʔ
爸 *praːs, *baʔ
弝 *praːs
靶 *praːs
葩 *pʰraː
舥 *pʰraː
妑 *pʰraː
帊 *pʰraːs
琶 *braː
爬 *braː
杷 *braː, *braːs, *braːs
跁 *braːʔ, *braːs
耙 *braːs

Pictogram (象形) — huge snake.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: pa - only in 巴士.
Note:
  • 1pa - literary;
  • 1po - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 巴
Mandarin Beijing /pa⁵⁵/
Harbin /pa⁴⁴/
/pa²⁴/ ～彥
Tianjin /pɑ²¹/
Jinan /pa²¹³/
Qingdao /pa²¹³/
Zhengzhou /pa²⁴/
Xi'an /pa²¹/
Xining /pa⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /pa⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /pa³¹/
Ürümqi /pa⁴⁴/
Wuhan /pa⁵⁵/
Chengdu /pa⁵⁵/
Guiyang /pa⁵⁵/
Kunming /pa̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /pɑ³¹/
Hefei /pa²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /pa¹¹/
Pingyao /pɑ¹³/
Hohhot /pa³¹/
Wu Shanghai /po⁵³/
/pa⁵³/
Suzhou /po⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /pɑ³³/
Wenzhou /po³³/
Hui Shexian /pa³¹/
Tunxi /puːə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /pa³³/
Xiangtan /pɒ³³/
Gan Nanchang /pɑ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /pa⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /pɑ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pa⁵³/
Nanning /pa⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /pa⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /pa⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /pa⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /pa⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /pa³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔba²³/ ～掌
/ʔba³¹/ 俗
Rime
Character 巴
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 伯加切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pˠa/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen		 /pa/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /paɨ/
Li
Rong		 /pa/
Wang
Li		 /pa/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 bā
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 巴 巴
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 bā bā
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pæ › ‹ pæ ›
Old
Chinese		 /*pˤra/ /*pˤra/
English snake [place name]

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 巴
Reading # 1/1
No. 97
Phonetic
component		 巴
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 巴
Old
Chinese		 /*praː/

Etymology 1[edit]

EB1911 - Volume 01 - Page 001 - 1.svg This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Are all these senses related? Some have proposed that these are all derived from the snake sense.”

Definitions[edit]

巴

  1. (ancient Chinese mythology) a huge snake that could swallow an elephant
  2. to greatly desire; to anxiously hope; to long for
  3. Used as a suffix for objects that are located below or behind.
    尾巴  ―  wěiba  ―  tail
  4. Used as a suffix for objects that are clumped together due to dryness or stickiness.
    泥巴  ―  níba  ―  mud
  5. to cling to; to stick to
  6. (Jilu Mandarin, Sichuan, dialectal Wu) to be close to; to be next to
  7. (Beijing, Jilu Mandarin) to open; to spread
  8. (Sichuan) to suit; to fit
  9. (Sichuan) to follow
  10. (Sichuan) to be intimate
  11. (Sichuan) to involve; to implicate
  12. (Sichuan) to kiss up; to curry favour
  13. (Sichuan) to subsidize
  14. (Sichuan) to infect; to contract
  15. (dialectal Mandarin, including Beijing, Shandong, Xinjiang) to sew; to stitch on
  16. (Southwestern Mandarin; Xiamen, Quanzhou Min Nan) dried object
  17. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese) Classifier for the number of slaps.
    打佢一巴 [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 keoi5 jat1 baa1 [Jyutping]  ―  to give him a slap
  18. (Jiaoliao Mandarin, Sichuan) along
  19. (historical) Ba (an ancient state in modern-day Sichuan)
  20. eastern Sichuan and Chongqing
  21. A surname​.

Etymology 2[edit]

Definitions[edit]

巴

  1. Short for 巴士 (bāshì, “bus”).
    小巴  ―  xiǎobā  ―  minibus

Etymology 3[edit]

Borrowed from English bar.

Definitions[edit]

巴

  1. bar (unit of pressure)

Etymology 4[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 巴 – see 芭.
(This character, 巴, is the second-round simplified form of 芭.)
Notes:

Etymology 5[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 巴 – see 笆.
(This character, 巴, is the second-round simplified form of 笆.)
Notes:

Etymology 6[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 巴 – see 粑.
(This character, 巴, is the second-round simplified form of 粑.)
Notes:

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 巴

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

巴

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
巴
ともえ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi
巴 (tomoe): a comma design

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

巴 (hiragana ともえ, rōmaji tomoe, alternative reading ともゑ, rōmaji tomowe)

  1. tomoe (comma design)

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

巴 • (pa) (hangeul 파)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

巴 (ba, bơ, va)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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