巴

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See also: 色, 笆, and 邑
巴 U+5DF4, 巴
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DF4
← 巳
[U+5DF3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 巵 →
[U+5DF5]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

巴 (radical 49, 己+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 日山 (AU), four-corner 77717, composition ⿴巳丨)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 327, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8745
  • Dae Jaweon: page 631, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 985, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5DF4

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 巴

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 巴
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
巴-oracle.svg 巴-seal.svg 巴-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (巴) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
巴 *praː
芭 *praː
笆 *praː, *braːʔ
豝 *praː
鈀 *praː, *pʰraː
吧 *praː, *pʰraː
蚆 *praː, *pʰraː
疤 *praː
把 *praːʔ
爸 *praːs, *baʔ
弝 *praːs
靶 *praːs
葩 *pʰraː
舥 *pʰraː
妑 *pʰraː
帊 *pʰraːs
琶 *braː
爬 *braː
杷 *braː, *braːs, *braːs
跁 *braːʔ, *braːs
耙 *braːs

Pictogram (象形) — huge snake.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: pa - only in 巴士.
Note:
  • 1pa - literary;
  • 1po - vernacular.
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data▼
    Variety Location 巴
    Mandarin Beijing /pa⁵⁵/
    Harbin /pa⁴⁴/
    /pa²⁴/ ～彥
    Tianjin /pɑ²¹/
    Jinan /pa²¹³/
    Qingdao /pa²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /pa²⁴/
    Xi'an /pa²¹/
    Xining /pa⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /pa⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /pa³¹/
    Ürümqi /pa⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /pa⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /pa⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /pa⁵⁵/
    Kunming /pa̠⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /pɑ³¹/
    Hefei /pa²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /pa¹¹/
    Pingyao /pɑ¹³/
    Hohhot /pa³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /po⁵³/
    /pa⁵³/
    Suzhou /po⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /pɑ³³/
    Wenzhou /po³³/
    Hui Shexian /pa³¹/
    Tunxi /puːə¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /pa³³/
    Xiangtan /pɒ³³/
    Gan Nanchang /pɑ⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /pa⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /pɑ²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /pa⁵³/
    Nanning /pa⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /pa⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /pa⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /pa⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /pa⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /pa³³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔba²³/ ～掌
    /ʔba³¹/ 俗
    Rime
    Character 巴
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
    Final (韻) 麻 (98)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 伯加切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/pˠa/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/pᵚa/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/pa/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/paɨ/
    Li
    Rong         		/pa/
    Wang
    Li         		/pa/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/pa/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		bā
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 巴 巴
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		bā bā
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ pæ › ‹ pæ ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*pˁra/ /*pˁra/
    English snake [place name]

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 巴
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 97
    Phonetic
    component         		巴
    Rime
    group         		魚
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		巴
    Old
    Chinese         		/*praː/

    Etymology 1[edit]

    EB1911 - Volume 01 - Page 001 - 1.svg This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
    Particularly: “Are all these senses related? Some have proposed that these are all derived from the snake sense.”

    Definitions[edit]

    巴

    1. (ancient Chinese mythology) a huge snake that could swallow an elephant
    2. to greatly desire; to anxiously hope; to long for
    3. Used as a suffix for objects that are located below or behind.
      尾巴  ―  wěiba  ―  tail
    4. Used as a suffix for objects that are clumped together due to dryness or stickiness.
      泥巴  ―  níba  ―  mud
    5. to cling to; to stick to
    6. (Jilu Mandarin, Sichuan, dialectal Wu) to be close to; to be next to
    7. (Beijing, Jilu Mandarin) to open; to spread
    8. (Sichuan) to suit; to fit
    9. (Sichuan) to follow
    10. (Sichuan) to be intimate
    11. (Sichuan) to involve; to implicate
    12. (Sichuan) to kiss up; to curry favour
    13. (Sichuan) to subsidize
    14. (Sichuan) to infect; to contract
    15. (dialectal Mandarin, including Beijing, Shandong, Xinjiang) to sew; to stitch on
    16. (Southwestern Mandarin; Xiamen, Quanzhou Min Nan) dried object
    17. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese) Classifier for the number of slaps.
      打佢一巴 [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 keoi5 jat1 baa1 [Jyutping]  ―  to give him a slap
    18. (Jiaoliao Mandarin, Sichuan) along
    19. (historical) Ba (an ancient state in modern-day Sichuan)
    20. eastern Sichuan and Chongqing
    21. A surname​.

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    巴

    1. Short for 巴士 (bāshì, “bus”).
      小巴  ―  xiǎobā  ―  minibus

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Borrowed from English bar.

    Definitions[edit]

    巴

    1. bar (unit of pressure)

    Etymology 4[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 巴 – see 芭 (“short=1; a kind of fragrant grass; etc.”).
    (This character, 巴, is the second-round simplified form of 芭.)
    Notes:

    Etymology 5[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 巴 – see 笆 (“bamboo fence”).
    (This character, 巴, is the second-round simplified form of 笆.)
    Notes:

    Etymology 6[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 巴 – see 粑 (“tsamba”).
    (This character, 巴, is the second-round simplified form of 粑.)
    Notes:

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 巴

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    巴

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    Kanji in this term
    巴
    ともえ
    Jinmeiyō
    kun’yomi
    巴 (tomoe): a comma design

    Compound of 鞆 (とも)絵 (え) (tomoe): 鞆 (とも) (tomo, “archer's left-wrist protector”) + 絵 (え) (e, “picture, drawing”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    巴 (hiragana ともえ, rōmaji tomoe, alternative reading ともゑ, rōmaji tomowe)

    1. tomoe (comma design)

    Proper noun[edit]

    巴 (hiragana ともえ, rōmaji Tomoe)

    1. A surname​.

    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    巴
    うずまき
    Jinmeiyō
    kun’yomi

    Noun[edit]

    巴 (hiragana うずまき, rōmaji uzumaki, historical hiragana うづまき)

    1. Alternative spelling of 渦巻き (“whirlpool (pattern)”)

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    巴 • (pa) (hangeul 파)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    巴 (ba, bơ, va)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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