人
![]() | ||||||||
|
|
Translingual[edit]
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Alternative forms[edit]
Han character[edit]
人 (radical 9, 人+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 人 (O), four-corner 80000, composition ⿸丿乀)
- Kangxi radical #9, ⼈.
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 91, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 344
- Dae Jaweon: page 190, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 101, character 10
- Unihan data for U+4EBA
Chinese[edit]
Glyph origin[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
simp. and trad. |
人 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms |
Sagart (1999) relates it to Tibetan ཉེན (nyen, “relative”), from ཉེ (nye, “near”) + nominalizing suffix -n; if so, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-naːj ~ s-nej (“near”).
Schuessler (2007) proposes two etymologies:
- Same etymon as 仁 (OC *njin, “to be kind; to be good”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/k-niŋ (“heart; brain; mind”). The semantic association of 仁 with 人 was somewhat late, dated to Mencius's time; later on, 仁 would be usually interpreted as "humane, acting like a human being".
- Related to Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɲaʔ ~ *ɲah (“person”) with a nominalizing suffix -n, from the auto-ethnonym of a hostile, possibly Austroasiatic-speaking, eastern people, whom the Sinitic-speaking Shang referred to as 人方 (OC *njin paŋ).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
人
- man; person; people (Classifier: 個/个 m c; 隻/只 h)
- human being
- body
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
. - everybody; everyone
- physical, psychological or moral quality or condition; character; personality
- a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er
- manpower; worker; employee
- † talent; person of talent
- † other people; others
- 人云亦云 ― rényún yìyún ― to follow the crowd (lit. to say what others say)
- † common people; commoner
- † adult; grown-up
- † reason; cause
- † sexual intercourse
- † company; companion; friend
- † artificial; man-made
- † mortal; bodily; earthly
- † Alternative form of 仁 (rén, “kernel”).
- † Alternative form of 仁 (rén, “charity”).
- † Alternative form of 仁 (rén, “loving; kind”).
- (Beijing) Lenition of 人家 (rénjia).
- (Taishanese) paternal grandmother
- A surname.
Synonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
simp. and trad. |
人 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 儂/侬 𠆧 |
The Min native word for “person”; used as a replacement character for 儂/侬. Use of 人 is recommended by Taiwan's Ministry of Education.
Pronunciation 1[edit]
Definitions[edit]
人 (coastal Min)
- man; person; people; human being; Homo sapiens (Classifier: 個/个 mn; 隻/只 md)
- a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er
- 臺灣人 / 台湾人 [Hokkien] ― Tâi-oân-lâng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Taiwanese
- physical, psychological or moral quality or condition
Compounds[edit]
Pronunciation 2[edit]
Definitions[edit]
人 (coastal Min)
References[edit]
- “人”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00068
- “Entry #52”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: にん (nin, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: じん (jin, Jōyō)
- Kun: ひと (hito, 人, Jōyō); り (ri, 人)
- Nanori: きよ (kiyo); さね (sane); じ (ji); たみ (tami); と (to); ね (ne); ひこ (hiko); ひとし (hitoshi); ふと (futo); ふみ (fumi); むと (muto); め (me)
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
⟨pi1to2⟩ → */pʲitə/ → /fito/ → /hito/ → /çito/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pitə.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- a person, human
- 2004 June 4, “レオニンの従者 [Leonin Squire]”, in フィフス・ドーン [Fifth Dawn], Wizards of the Coast:
- 私は王かもしれないが、兵士や人々なくしては、私は何者でもないのだ。
- Watashi wa ō kamo shirenai ga, heishi ya hitobito naku shite wa, watashi wa nanimono demo nai no da.
- I may be king, but without my soldiers and my people, I am nobody.
- 私は王かもしれないが、兵士や人々なくしては、私は何者でもないのだ。
- an individual
- Synonym: 個人 (kojin)
- mankind, people
- character, personality
- an average person
- Synonym: 世人 (sejin, yohito)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
. - (law) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
. - This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
. - an adult
- someone (else)
Usage notes[edit]
- When scientifically referring to humans, this term is often spelled in katakana, as ヒト.
- From Old Japanese or Middle Japanese development, hito is sometimes shifted to -uto, -udo, -to, -tto, or -do.
Derived terms[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From Middle Chinese 人 (MC ȵiɪn). The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”), so likely the earlier or initial borrowing from Middle Chinese. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Explain nasal basis for goon reading/borrowing”)
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- a personality
- the role of that person
Derived terms[edit]
Counter[edit]
See also[edit]
Affix[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
From Middle Chinese 人 (MC ȵiɪn). The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”), so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Explain plosive basis for kan'on reading/borrowing”)
Pronunciation[edit]
Suffix[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Affix[edit]
- man
- Short for 人造 (jinzō): artificial, synthetic
Etymology 4[edit]
Possibly a shift from -tari below.
Counter[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 5[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Counter[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 人 (MC ȵiɪn).
Historical readings |
---|
|
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [in]
- Phonetic hangeul: [인]
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Kunigami[edit]
Kanji[edit]
人
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Miyako[edit]
Kanji[edit]
人
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
人 (hiragana ぴぃとぅ, romaji psïtu)
Okinawan[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Counter[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
Counter[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 5[edit]
Counter[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Hán Tự[edit]
人: Hán Việt readings: nhân (
人: Nôm readings: nhơn[1][2][3][4], nhân[1][4], người[1]
- (Northern Vietnam) Hán tự form of nhân (“human”).
- (Southern Vietnam) Hán tự form of nhơn (“human”).
References[edit]
Yaeyama[edit]
Kanji[edit]
人
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
人 (hiragana ぴぃとぅ, romaji pïtu)
Yonaguni[edit]
Kanji[edit]
人
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- Character boxes with images
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Kangxi Radicals block
- Han character radicals
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- CJKV radicals
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Min Bei lemmas
- Min Dong lemmas
- Min Nan lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Dungan nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Min Bei nouns
- Min Dong nouns
- Min Nan nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Dungan adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Taishanese adjectives
- Gan adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Jin adjectives
- Min Bei adjectives
- Min Dong adjectives
- Min Nan adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Wu adjectives
- Xiang adjectives
- Chinese pronouns
- Mandarin pronouns
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Dungan proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Taishanese proper nouns
- Gan proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Jin proper nouns
- Min Bei proper nouns
- Min Dong proper nouns
- Min Nan proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Wu proper nouns
- Xiang proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese hanzi
- Chinese Han characters
- Chinese nouns classified by 個/个
- Chinese nouns classified by 隻/只
- Chinese terms with usage examples
- Beijing Mandarin
- Taishanese Chinese
- Chinese surnames
- Min Nan terms with audio links
- Min Chinese
- Min Dong pronouns
- Min Nan pronouns
- Teochew pronouns
- Chinese terms with quotations
- Beginning Mandarin
- zh:Hominids
- zh:People
- Japanese Han characters
- Grade 1 kanji
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひと
- Japanese kanji with kun reading り
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading じん
- Japanese kanji with goon reading にん
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading きよ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading さね
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading じ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たみ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading と
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ね
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ひこ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ひとし
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ふと
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ふみ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading むと
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading め
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 人
- Japanese terms with quotations
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- ja:Law
- Japanese pronouns
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese counters
- Japanese affixes
- Japanese suffixes
- Japanese short forms
- ja:Hominids
- ja:People
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Middle Korean Han characters
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Kunigami lemmas
- Kunigami Han characters
- Kunigami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kunigami nouns
- xug:Hominids
- xug:People
- Miyako lemmas
- Miyako Han characters
- Miyako terms with IPA pronunciation
- Miyako nouns
- mvi:Hominids
- mvi:People
- Okinawan Han characters
- Okinawan kanji with kun reading っちゅ
- Okinawan kanji with kun reading ぴとぅ
- Okinawan kanji with kun reading い
- Okinawan kanji with kun reading たい
- Okinawan kanji with on reading にん
- Okinawan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Okinawan lemmas
- Okinawan nouns
- Okinawan counters
- ryu:Hominids
- ryu:People
- Vietnamese Han tu
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- Vietnamese Nom
- Northern Vietnamese
- Southern Vietnamese
- Yaeyama lemmas
- Yaeyama Han characters
- Yaeyama terms with IPA pronunciation
- Yaeyama nouns
- rys:Hominids
- rys:People
- Yonaguni lemmas
- Yonaguni Han characters
- Yonaguni terms with IPA pronunciation
- Yonaguni nouns
- yoi:Hominids
- yoi:People