寧

See also: 宁 and 寜

寧 U+5BE7, 寧 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BE7 ← 實 [U+5BE6] CJK Unified Ideographs 寨 → [U+5BE8]

Translingual

Han character

寧 (radical 40, 宀+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十心月弓 (JPBN), four-corner 3020₁, composition ⿱寍丁)

References

• KangXi: page 291, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7296
• Dae Jaweon: page 577, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 949, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5BE7

---

Chinese

trad.		寧
simp.		宁*
variant forms		寍 㝕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 寧
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (寧) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
濘	*neːs, *neːŋʔ, *neːŋs
獰	*rnaːŋ
檸	*rnaːŋʔ
儜	*rneːŋ
薴	*rneːŋ
鬡	*rneːŋ
鑏	*rneːŋ
嬣	*rneːŋ
寍	*neːŋ
寗	*neːŋs
甯	*neːŋs
寧	*neːŋ
鸋	*neːŋ, *neːŋs
嚀	*neːŋ
聹	*neːŋ, *neːŋʔ

Oracle bone script: Ideogrammic compound (會意): 宀 (“house”) + 皿 (“food or wine vessel”) + 丂 (“table (?)”) – contentment. The 心 (“heart”) component was added in bronze inscriptions to yield 寧, and the 丂 component was sometimes omitted to yield 寍.

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *neːŋ): phonetic 寍 (OC *neːŋ) + semantic 丂 (“speech (?)”).

Note that the simplified form 宁 (zhù) is also a traditional character on its own.

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): níng (ning²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ning⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nèn
• Min Bei (KCR): nǎing
• Min Dong (BUC): nìng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): lêng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lêng⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): nyin (T3)

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: níng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ
    • Wade–Giles: ning²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ning
    • IPA ^(key): /niŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ning⁴
    • Yale: nìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ning⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ning⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /nɪŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nèn
    • Hakka Romanization System: nenˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nen²
    • IPA: /nen¹¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nǎing
    • IPA ^(key): /naiŋ²¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nìng
    • IPA ^(key): /nˡiŋ⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng
    • Tâi-lô: lîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: leeng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /liɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɪŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lêng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lêng
    • IPA ^(key): /leŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: nyin (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲɪɲ²³/

---

• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 寧
Mandarin	Beijing	/niŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/niŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/niŋ⁴⁵/ 安～
	Jinan	/ȵiŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/niŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/niŋ³¹²/
	Xi'an	/niŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/ȵiə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/niŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ȵĩn⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ȵiŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/nin²¹³/
	Chengdu	/nin³¹/
	Guiyang	/nin²¹/
	Kunming	/lĩ¹/
	Nanjing	/lin²⁴/
	Hefei	/lin⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/niəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ȵiŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/nĩŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ȵiŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/ȵin¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ȵin²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ȵaŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/niʌ̃⁴⁴/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ȵin¹³/
	Xiangtan	/ȵin¹²/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/nen¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/nen¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/neŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/neŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/niŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/liŋ³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/niŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/naiŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/leŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/neŋ³¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /neŋ/▼

Rime
Character	寧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	奴丁切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/neŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/neŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/neŋ/
Wang Li	/nieŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/nieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	níng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤeŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*neːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	寧
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	níng
Middle Chinese	‹ neng ›
Old Chinese	/*nˤeŋ/
English	peace
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寧
Reading #	1/1
No.	9556
Phonetic component	寧
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	寧
Old Chinese	/*neːŋ/

Definitions

寧

1. peaceful; tranquil; serene; at peace
2. quiet; still; silent
3. stable; settled; pacified
4. ^† to stabilise; to pacify
5. ^† to settle down
6. ^† to mourn
7. ^† (especially of married women) to visit one's parents
8. ^† repose; serenity; peace
9. Alternative name for 江寧／江宁 (Jiāngníng, “old name for Nanjing”).
10. Alternative name for 寧夏／宁夏 (Níngxià, “Ningxia”).

Compounds

Derived terms from 寧

• 丁寧／丁宁
• 不寧／不宁 (bùníng)
• 不寧不耐／不宁不耐
• 不寧奈／不宁奈
• 不遑寧處／不遑宁处
• 保寧／保宁 (bǎoníng)
• 克寧／克宁
• 列寧主義／列宁主义 (lièníngzhǔyì)
• 列寧格勒／列宁格勒 (Liènínggélè)
• 北寧鐵路／北宁铁路
• 唐寧街／唐宁街
• 單寧／单宁 (dānníng)
• 單寧酸／单宁酸
• 坐臥不寧／坐卧不宁
• 坤寧宮／坤宁宫
• 太寧／太宁
• 奉寧／奉宁
• 奎寧／奎宁 (kuíníng)
• 安寧／安宁 (ānníng)
• 安寧照顧／安宁照顾

• 寧夏／宁夏 (Níngxià)
• 寧奈／宁奈
• 寧家／宁家
• 寧帖／宁帖
• 寧心／宁心
• 寧息／宁息
• 寧日／宁日
• 寧波／宁波 (Níngbō)
• 寧漢分裂／宁汉分裂
• 寧瑪派／宁玛派
• 寧神／宁神
• 寧綢／宁绸
• 寧謐／宁谧
• 寧貼／宁贴
• 寧靖／宁靖
• 寧靜／宁静 (níngjìng)
• 崇寧／崇宁
• 平寧／平宁
• 底寧／底宁
• 康寧／康宁

• 建寧／建宁 (Jiànníng)
• 心神不寧／心神不宁
• 息事寧人／息事宁人
• 攖寧／撄宁
• 東寧王國／东宁王国
• 歸寧／归宁 (guīníng)
• 江寧／江宁 (Jiāngníng)
• 海寧／海宁 (Hǎiníng)
• 海寧觀潮／海宁观潮
• 白朗寧／白朗宁
• 睡臥不寧／睡卧不宁
• 瞑目寧心／瞑目宁心
• 福壽康寧／福寿康宁
• 管寧割席／管宁割席
• 綏寧／绥宁 (suíníng)
• 荒寧／荒宁
• 西寧毛／西宁毛
• 遼寧／辽宁 (Liáoníng)
• 雞犬不寧／鸡犬不宁 (jīquǎnbùníng)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nìng, níng

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄥˋ, ㄋㄧㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ning⁴, ning⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nèn
• Min Dong (BUC): nìng
• Min Nan (POJ): lēng / lêng

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: nìng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˋ
    • Wade–Giles: ning⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ninq
    • IPA ^(key): /niŋ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: níng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ
    • Wade–Giles: ning²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ning
    • IPA ^(key): /niŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ning⁴, ning⁶
    • Yale: nìhng, nihng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ning⁴, ning⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ning⁴, ning⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /nɪŋ²¹/, /nɪŋ²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nèn
    • Hakka Romanization System: nenˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nen²
    • IPA: /nen¹¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nìng
    • IPA ^(key): /nˡiŋ⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lēng
    • Tâi-lô: līng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: leng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liɪŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /liɪŋ²²/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng
    • Tâi-lô: lîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: leeng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɪŋ²³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /liɪŋ²⁴/

Definitions

寧

1. rather; would rather
2. ^† could there be
3. ^† such; like this; so
4. ^† unexpectedly; in spite of everything
5. ^† modal particle

Compounds

Derived terms from 寧

• 不自由毋寧死／不自由毋宁死 (bù zìyóu wúnìng sǐ)
• 寧個／宁个
• 寧可／宁可 (nìngkě)
• 寧折不彎／宁折不弯
• 寧教我負天下人，休教天下人負我／宁教我负天下人，休教天下人负我 (nìngjiào wǒ fù tiānxià rén, xiū jiào tiānxià rén fù wǒ)
• 寧死不屈／宁死不屈
• 寧死不從／宁死不从
• 寧死不辱／宁死不辱
• 寧為太平犬，不做亂世人／宁为太平犬，不做乱世人 (nìng wéi tàipíng quǎn, bù zuò luànshì rén)

• 寧為玉碎，不為瓦全／宁为玉碎，不为瓦全
• 寧為雞口，毋為牛後／宁为鸡口，毋为牛后
• 寧當玉碎／宁当玉碎
• 寧缺勿濫／宁缺勿滥
• 寧缺毋濫／宁缺毋滥 (nìngquēwúlàn)
• 寧肯／宁肯 (nìngkěn)
• 寧許／宁许
• 寧願／宁愿 (nìngyuàn)

• 寧馨／宁馨 (níngxīn)
• 寧馨兒／宁馨儿
• 毋寧／毋宁 (wúnìng)
• 無寧／无宁
• 盜泉寧渴／盗泉宁渴
• 禮奢寧儉／礼奢宁俭
• 禮存寧儉／礼存宁俭
• 胡寧／胡宁

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Níng, Nìng (Ning², Ning⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄥˊ, ㄋㄧㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ning⁴, ning⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: Níng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ
    • Wade–Giles: ning²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ning
    • IPA ^(key): /niŋ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan, variant in Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: Nìng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˋ
    • Wade–Giles: ning⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ninq
    • IPA ^(key): /niŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ning⁴, ning⁶
    • Yale: nìhng, nihng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ning⁴, ning⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ning⁴, ning⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /nɪŋ²¹/, /nɪŋ²²/

Definitions

寧

1. A surname​.

Usage notes

• Not to be confused with the surname 甯 (Nìng), which was previously also simplified to 宁.

---

Japanese

Kanji

寧

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. rather

Readings

• Goon: にょう (nyō)
• Kan’on: ねい (nei, Jōyō)
• Kun: やすい (yasui, 寧い); むしろ (mushiro, 寧ろ); なんぞ (nanzo, 寧ぞ)

Compounds

• 安 (あん)寧 (ねい) (annei)

---

Korean

Hanja

寧 • (nyeong)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 녕 (revised: nyeong, McCune–Reischauer: nyŏng, Yale: nyeng)
  • Name (hangeul): 편안할 녕

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 安寧 (안녕, annyeong)

---

Vietnamese

Han character

寧 (ninh)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.