奴

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奴 U+5974, 奴
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5974
← 女
[U+5973]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 奵 →
[U+5975]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

奴 (radical 38 女+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 女水 (VE), four-corner 47440, composition ⿰女又)

Derived characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 254, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6039
  • Dae Jaweon: page 517, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1024, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5974

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 奴

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 奴
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
奴-oracle.svg 奴-bronze.svg 奴-silk.svg 奴-bigseal.svg 奴-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (女) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
拿 *rnaː
拏 *rnaː
詉 *rnaː
蒘 *rnaː, *na
笯 *rnaː, *naː, *naːs
挐 *rnaː, *na
絮 *rnaːs, *nas, *snas, *nas
呶 *rnaːw
怓 *rnaːw
帑 *n̥ʰaːŋʔ, *naː
奴 *naː
砮 *naː, *naːʔ
駑 *naː
孥 *naː
努 *naːʔ
弩 *naːʔ
怒 *naːʔ, *naːs
袽 *na
帤 *na
女 *naʔ, *nas
籹 *naʔ
恕 *hnjas
如 *nja, *njas
茹 *nja, *njaʔ, *njas
洳 *nja, *njas
鴽 *nja
蕠 *nja
汝 *njaʔ
肗 *njaʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 女 (“woman”) + 又 (“hand”) – a hand capturing and ordering a woman around. 女 (OC *naʔ, *nas) may also be phonetic.

Some oracle bone script forms (not depicted above) are pictographic (象形), showing a person (probably a woman) with hands crossed at the back, as opposed to 女 which depicts a woman clasping her hands in front of the body.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 奴
Mandarin Beijing /nu³⁵/
Harbin /mu²⁴/
Tianjin /nu⁴⁵/
Jinan /mu⁴²/
Qingdao /nu⁴²/
Zhengzhou /nu⁴²/
Xi'an /nou²⁴/
Xining /nv̩²⁴/
Yinchuan /nu⁵³/
Lanzhou /lu⁵³/
Ürümqi /mu⁵¹/
Wuhan /nəu²¹³/
Chengdu /nu³¹/
Guiyang /nu²¹/
Kunming /nu³¹/
Nanjing /lu²⁴/
Hefei /lu⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /nəu¹¹/
Pingyao /nəu¹³/
Hohhot /nəu³¹/
Wu Shanghai /nu²³/
Suzhou /nəu³¹/
Hangzhou /no²¹³/
Wenzhou /nɤu³¹/
Hui Shexian /lu⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ləu⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ləu¹³/
Xiangtan /nəɯ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /lu⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /nu¹¹/
Taoyuan /mu¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /nou²¹/
Nanning /nu²¹/
Hong Kong /nou²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /lɔ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /nu⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /nu³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /nõu⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /nu³¹/
/nɔu³¹/
Rime
Character 奴
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 泥 (8)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 乃都切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /nuo/
Pan
Wuyun		 /nuo/
Shao
Rongfen		 /no/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /nɔ/
Li
Rong		 /no/
Wang
Li		 /nu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /nuo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 nú
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 奴
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 nú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nu ›
Old
Chinese		 /*nˤa/
English slave

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 奴
Reading # 1/1
No. 9600
Phonetic
component		 女
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 奴
Old
Chinese		 /*naː/

Definitions[edit]

奴

  1. slave; servant
  2. (polite) I
  3. (derogatory) a person associated with a particular identity or trait
  4. to enslave

Synonyms[edit]

  • (I):
Dialectal synonyms of 我 (“I”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 吾、我、私、余、予、台、朕
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 我
Mandarin Beijing 我
Taiwan 我
Jinan 我、俺
Xi'an 我
Wuhan 我
Chengdu 我
Yangzhou 我
Hefei 我
Cantonese Guangzhou 我
Hong Kong 我
Taishan 我
Yangjiang 我
Gan Nanchang 我
Hakka Meixian 𠊎
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 𠊎
Liudui (S. Sixian) 𠊎
Hsinchu (Hailu) 𠊎
Dongshi (Dabu) 𠊎
Zhuolan (Raoping) 𠊎
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 𠊎
Jin Taiyuan 我
Min Bei Jian'ou 我
Min Dong Fuzhou 我、奴
Min Nan Xiamen 我、阮
Taipei 我、阮
Chaozhou 我、阮
Wu Shanghai 我、吾、阿拉
Suzhou 我、奴
Wenzhou 我
Ningbo 我、我儂、像我
Xiang Changsha 我
Shuangfeng 我、卬

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 奴

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

奴

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

a thing, an object; (derogatory, familiar) a person

Readings[edit]

Kanji in this term
奴
やつ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

奴 (hiragana やつ, katakana ヤツ, rōmaji yatsu)

  1. (colloquial, impolite) fellow, chap, guy

Pronoun[edit]

奴 (hiragana やつ, katakana ヤツ, rōmaji yatsu)

  1. (colloquial, impolite) he, she
    • 1988 July 30, Fujiko F. Fujio, “あれ、夕ゆう子こ [I, Yūko]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 2), volume 2 (fiction, in Japanese), 10th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, ISBN 4-09-140702-3 Invalid ISBN, page 65:
      解かい説せつ者しゃはたしかに中なか身みまで女だったと断だん言げんした。きくなり、おれはヤツをぶんなぐった。
      Kaisetsusha wa tashika ni nakami made onna datta to dangenshita. Kiku nari, ore wa yatsu o bunnagutta.
      The commentator asserted that all my ins and outs had completely turned female. Upon hearing that, I just knocked him to the ground.

Usage notes[edit]

  • This is an example of a word that can be spelled with katakana to convey an informal conversational tone, as ヤツ.
Kanji in this term
奴
やっこ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

奴 (hiragana やっこ, rōmaji yakko)

  1. servant, valet, footman

Pronunciation 3[edit]

Suffix[edit]

奴 (hiragana め, rōmaji -me)

  1. Derogatory suffix attached to people's names or words that refer to people, animals, etc.
    ばか奴 (め)！
    Baka-me!
    Idiot!
    • Леонид Андреев (Leonid Andrejev) (translator 森鴎外), 犬 (Кусака (Kusaka))
      「来 (こ)いといったら来 (こ)い。シュッチュカ奴 (め)。馬 (ば)鹿 (か)な奴 (やつ)だ。己 (おの)れはどうもしやしない。」[1]
      “Koi to ittara koi. Shutchuka-me. Baka na yatsu da. Onore wa dōmo shi ya shinai.”
      "If I say come, come. Silly Zhuchka. You fool. I won't do anything to you."

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

奴 • (no) (hangeul 노)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

奴 (nô, no, nó, nọ)

  1. (colloquial) he, she, it

Usage notes[edit]

  • Chữ Nôm.
  • This is the common form of this character. The regular form is 伮.
  • The term is de facto used to refer to any animal (including the human) in the third person, in a disrespectful manner. The use of the term to translate the English it, or to refer to an inanimate object, is rather artificial, and mostly found in awkward (but common) translation of other languages.

References[edit]

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