奴

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奴 U+5974, 奴
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5974
← 女
[U+5973] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 奵 →
[U+5975]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

奴 (radical 38, 女+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 女水 (VE), four-corner 47440, composition ⿰女又)

Derived characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 254, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6039
  • Dae Jaweon: page 517, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1024, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5974

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 奴

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 奴
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
奴-oracle.svg 奴-bronze.svg 奴-silk.svg 奴-seal.svg 奴-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (女) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
拿 *rnaː
拏 *rnaː
詉 *rnaː
蒘 *rnaː, *na
笯 *rnaː, *naː, *naːs
挐 *rnaː, *na
絮 *rnaːs, *nas, *snas, *nas
呶 *rnaːw
怓 *rnaːw
帑 *n̥ʰaːŋʔ, *naː
奴 *naː
砮 *naː, *naːʔ
駑 *naː
孥 *naː
努 *naːʔ
弩 *naːʔ
怒 *naːʔ, *naːs
袽 *na
帤 *na
女 *naʔ, *nas
籹 *naʔ
恕 *hnjas
如 *nja, *njas
茹 *nja, *njaʔ, *njas
洳 *nja, *njas
鴽 *nja
蕠 *nja
汝 *njaʔ
肗 *njaʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 女 (“woman”) + 又 (“hand”) – a hand capturing and ordering a woman around. 女 (OC *naʔ, *nas) may also be phonetic.

Some oracle bone script forms (not depicted above) are pictographic (象形), showing a person (probably a woman) with hands crossed at the back, as opposed to 女 which depicts a woman clasping her hands in front of the body.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 奴
Mandarin Beijing /nu³⁵/
Harbin /mu²⁴/
Tianjin /nu⁴⁵/
Jinan /mu⁴²/
Qingdao /nu⁴²/
Zhengzhou /nu⁴²/
Xi'an /nou²⁴/
Xining /nv̩²⁴/
Yinchuan /nu⁵³/
Lanzhou /lu⁵³/
Ürümqi /mu⁵¹/
Wuhan /nəu²¹³/
Chengdu /nu³¹/
Guiyang /nu²¹/
Kunming /nu³¹/
Nanjing /lu²⁴/
Hefei /lu⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /nəu¹¹/
Pingyao /nəu¹³/
Hohhot /nəu³¹/
Wu Shanghai /nu²³/
Suzhou /nəu³¹/
Hangzhou /no²¹³/
Wenzhou /nɤu³¹/
Hui Shexian /lu⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ləu⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ləu¹³/
Xiangtan /nəɯ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /lu⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /nu¹¹/
Taoyuan /mu¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /nou²¹/
Nanning /nu²¹/
Hong Kong /nou²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /lɔ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /nu⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /nu³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /nõu⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /nu³¹/
/nɔu³¹/
Rime
Character 奴
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 泥 (8)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 乃都切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/nuo/
Pan
Wuyun 		/nuo/
Shao
Rongfen 		/no/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/nɔ/
Li
Rong 		/no/
Wang
Li 		/nu/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/nuo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		nú
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 奴
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		nú
Middle
Chinese 		‹ nu ›
Old
Chinese 		/*nˁa/
English slave

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 奴
Reading # 1/1
No. 9600
Phonetic
component 		女
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		奴
Old
Chinese 		/*naː/

Definitions[edit]

奴

  1. slave; servant
  2. (polite) I
  3. (derogatory) a person associated with a particular identity or trait
  4. to enslave

Synonyms[edit]

  • (I):
Dialectal synonyms of 我 (“I”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 吾, 我, 余, 予, 台, 朕
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 我
Mandarin Beijing 我
Taiwan 我
Jinan 我, 俺
Xi'an 我
Wuhan 我
Chengdu 我
Guilin 我
Yangzhou 我
Hefei 我
Malaysia 我
Singapore 我
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 我
Cantonese Guangzhou 我
Hong Kong 我
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 我
Macau 我
Panyu 我
Huadu (Huashan) 我
Conghua 我
Zengcheng 我
Foshan 我
Nanhai (Shatou) 我
Shunde 我
Sanshui 我
Gaoming (Mingcheng) 我
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 我
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 我
Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 我
Doumen 我
Jiangmen (Baisha) 𠊎
Xinhui 我
Taishan 我
Kaiping (Chikan) 我
Enping (Niujiang) 我
Heshan (Yayao) 我
Dongguan 我
Bao'an (Shajing) 我
Yangjiang 我
Nanning 我
Danzhou 我
Kuala Lumpur 我
Singapore 我
Gan Nanchang 我
Hakka Meixian 𠊎
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 我
Dongguan (Qingxi) 𠊎
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 𠊎
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 𠊎
Heyuan (Bendihua) 𠊎
Liannan 𠊎
Conghua (Lütian) 𠊎
Jiexi 𠊎
Changting 𠊎
Wuping 𠊎
Ninghua 𠊎
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 𠊎
Liudui (S. Sixian) 𠊎
Hsinchu (Hailu) 𠊎
Dongshi (Dabu) 𠊎
Hsinchu (Raoping) 𠊎
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 𠊎
Hong Kong 𠊎
Jin Taiyuan 我
Min Bei Jian'ou 我
Min Dong Fuzhou 我, 奴
Min Nan Xiamen 我, 阮
Quanzhou 我, 阮
Zhangzhou 我, 阮
Taipei 我, 阮
Kaohsiung 我, 阮
Tainan 我
Taichung 我
Hsinchu 我
Sanxia 我
Yilan 我
Kinmen 我
Magong 我
Penang (Hokkien) 我
Singapore (Hokkien) 我
Philippines (Manila Hokkien) 我
Datian 我
Chaozhou 我
Shantou 我
Jieyang 我
Haifeng 我
Singapore (Teochew) 我
Wenchang 我, 儂 humble, used by someone in the younger generation
Wu Shanghai 我, 吾, 阿拉
Suzhou 我, 奴
Wenzhou 我
Ningbo 我, 我儂, 像我
Xiang Changsha 我
Shuangfeng 我, 卬

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 奴

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

奴

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. a thing, an object; (derogatory, familiar) a person

Readings[edit]

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
奴
やつ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun[edit]

奴(やつ) • (yatsu) 

  1. (colloquial, impolite) fellow, chap, guy

Pronoun[edit]

奴(やつ) • (yatsu) 

  1. (colloquial, impolite) he, she
    • 1988 July 30 [Jul 25 1984], Fujiko F. Fujio, “おれ、夕(ゆう)子(こ) [I, Yūko]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 2), volume 2 (fiction), 10th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 65:
      解(かい)説(せつ)者(しゃ)はたしかに中(なか)身(み)まで女だったと断(だん)言(げん)した。きくなり、おれはヤツをぶんなぐった。
      Kaisetsusha wa tashika ni nakami made onna datta to dangenshita. Kiku nari, ore wa yatsu o bunnagutta.
      The commentator asserted that all my ins and outs had completely turned female. Upon hearing that, I just knocked him to the ground.

Usage notes[edit]

  • This is an example of a word that can be spelled with katakana to convey an informal conversational tone, as ヤツ.

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
奴
やっこ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun[edit]

奴(やっこ) • (yakko) 

  1. servant, valet, footman

Pronunciation 3[edit]

Suffix[edit]

奴(め) • (-me) 

  1. Derogatory suffix attached to people's names or words that refer to people, animals, etc.
    ばか奴(め)！
    Baka-me!
    Idiot!

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

奴 • (no) (hangeul 노)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

奴 (nô, no, nó, nọ)

  1. (colloquial) he, she, it

Usage notes[edit]

  • Chữ Nôm.
  • This is the common form of this character. The regular form is 伮.
  • The term is de facto used to refer to any animal (including the human) in the third person, in a disrespectful manner. The use of the term to translate the English it, or to refer to an inanimate object, is rather artificial, and mostly found in awkward (but common) translation of other languages.

References[edit]

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