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U+611A, 愚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-611A

[U+6119]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+611B]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 61, +9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 田月心 (WBP), four-corner 60332, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 395, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10946
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2321, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+611A

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋo): phonetic (OC *ŋo, *ŋos) + semantic (heart) – stupid.

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • ngṳ̀ - literary;
  • kṳ̀ - vernacular.
  • Min Nan
  • Note: ngu5 - Chaoyang.

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /y³⁵/
    Harbin /y⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /y⁴⁵/
    Jinan /y²¹³/
    Qingdao /y²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /y⁴²/
    Xi'an /y²⁴/
    Xining /y²⁴/
    Yinchuan /y⁵³/
    Lanzhou /y¹³/
    Ürümqi /y²¹³/
    Wuhan /y²¹³/
    Chengdu /y³¹/
    Guiyang /i²¹/
    Kunming /i³¹/
    Nanjing /y²⁴/
    Hefei /zz̩ʷ⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /y¹¹/
    Pingyao /y¹³/
    Hohhot /y³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ȵy²³/
    Suzhou /ȵy¹³/
    Hangzhou /ɦz̩ʷ²¹³/
    Wenzhou /ȵy³¹/
    Hui Shexian /ny⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /y⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /y¹³/
    Xiangtan /y¹²/
    Gan Nanchang
    Hakka Meixian /ŋi¹¹/
    Taoyuan /ŋi²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /jy²¹/
    Nanning /y²¹/
    Hong Kong /jy²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /gu³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ŋy⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ŋy⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /ŋõ⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /zi³¹/
    /ŋai³¹/ 訓獃

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (31)
    Final () (24)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter ngju
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ŋɨo/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ŋio/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ŋio/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ŋuə̆/
    Li
    Rong
    /ŋio/
    Wang
    Li
    /ŋĭu/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ŋi̯u/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    jyu4
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 15919
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ŋo/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. foolish; stupid
    2. to fool; to dupe
    3. (humble) I

    Synonyms[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: () (gu)
    • Korean: 우(愚) (u)
    • Vietnamese: ngu ()

    Others:

    • Lao: ໂງ່ (ngō)
    • Thai: โง่ (ngôo, ignorant; stupid; unintelligent)

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. bullshit
    2. foolish
    3. absurdity
    4. stupid

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: S
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (MC ngju).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Adjective[edit]

    () (gu-na (adnominal () (gu na), adverbial () (gu ni))

    1. foolish
      Synonym: 愚か (oroka)

    Inflection[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    () (gu

    1. foolishness, folly
      • 1900, 田中正造, 亡國に至るを知らざれば之れ即ち亡國の儀に付質問[1], 青空文庫:
        [] (おのれ)()()れば(すなは)()にあらず、(おのれ)()なることを()らなければ(これ)(しん)()である。
        [] onore no gu o shireba sunawachi gu ni arazu, onore no gu naru koto o shiranakereba kore ga shin no gu de aru.
        [] if you know your own foolishness, then you are not foolish. If you do not know that you are foolish, this is true foolishness.

    Derived terms[edit]

    Pronoun[edit]

    () (gu

    1. (humble) I, me

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (u) (hangeul , revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Adjective[edit]

    (ngu)

    1. stupid; doltish; foolish