卬
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]卬 (Kangxi radical 26, 卩+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹女尸中 (HVSL) or 竹山尸中 (HUSL), four-corner 77720, composition ⿰⿱丿𠄌卩)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 158, character 49
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2841
- Dae Jaweon: page 363, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 310, character 12
- Unihan data for U+536C
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]| Historical forms of the character 卬 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
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Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 匕 + 卩: a man standing and a man kneeling; compare 化 (huà), 比 (bǐ), 北 (běi) and 尼 (ní).
Etymology 1
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
卬 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 𠨐 ancient 卭 𭅵 夘 𨙪 erroneous | |
The sense “I” has been hypothesized to be from 我 (OC *ŋaːlʔ, “I”) (ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa) with an attached vocative suffix *-ŋ (Sagart, 1999: 134). However, evidence for the latter suffix is sparse; Sagart otherwise only adduces the pair of words 女 (OC *naʔ, *nas, “woman”) and 娘 (OC *naŋ, “mother (originally as a term of address)”).
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ngong4
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ngorng2
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gông
- Wu (Tongxiang, Wugniu): 2ghaon
- Xiang (Loudi, Wiktionary): ng3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: áng
- Zhuyin: ㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: áng
- Wade–Giles: ang2
- Yale: áng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: arng
- Palladius: ан (an)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngong4
- Yale: ngòhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngong4
- Guangdong Romanization: ngong4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɔːŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ngorng2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ngó̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɒŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ngorng2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɒŋ²⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Loudi)
- Wiktionary: ng3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋ̍⁴²/
- (Loudi)
- Middle Chinese: ngang
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k.ŋ]ˤaŋ/, /*ŋˤaŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːŋ/
Definitions
[edit]卬
- (Classical or dialectal Mandarin, Old Xiang) I; me
- Synonym: 姎 (yāng)
- 招招舟子，人涉卬否。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Zhāozhāo zhōuzǐ, rén shè áng fǒu. [Pinyin]
- The boatman keeps beckoning, and others cross with him, but I do not.
- (Classical) to meet, converge
- obsolete form of 昂 (“to raise; to be stirred, be roused; high”)
- (historical) (～州) place to the south of 交州 (Jiāozhōu) and 廣州／广州 (Guǎngzhōu)
- a surname
Usage notes
[edit]When used as a component in other characters, 卬 can be referred to as 昂字底.
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
卬 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 𠨐 ancient 卭 𭅵 夘 𨙪 erroneous | |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 卬 – see 仰 (“to raise the head to look; to look up to; to admire; etc.”). (This character is an ancient form of 仰). |
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
卬 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 愣 | |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Definitions
[edit]卬
- (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien) to stare blankly; to be in a daze
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) clumsy; awkward; sluggish (usually said in reduplication)
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 4
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
卬 | |
|---|---|---|
| For pronunciation and definitions of 卬 – see 卯 (“fourth of twelve earthly branches; rabbit of Chinese zodiac; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 卯). |
References
[edit]- 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “卬”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B00275
- “卬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “卬”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 3.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]卬
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ごう (gō)←がう (gau, historical)
- Kan-on: ごう (gō)←がう (gau, historical)、ぎょう (gyō)←ぎやう (gyau, historical)、きょう (kyō)←きやう (kyau, historical)
- Kun: のぞむ (nozomu, 卬む)、なす (nasu, 卬す)、たかぶる (takaburu, 卬ぶる)
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]卬 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]卬: Hán Việt readings: ngang[1][2][3][4]
卬: Nôm readings: ngang[1]
- chữ Hán form of ngang (“first person pronoun in literary texts”)
- chữ Nôm form of ngang (“horizontal, level, flat, stubborn”)
References
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