迎

迎 U+8FCE, 迎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8FCE ← 迍 [U+8FCD] CJK Unified Ideographs 迏 → [U+8FCF]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

迎 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+4, 8 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 7 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 卜竹女中 (YHVL), four-corner 3730₂, composition ⿺辶卬)

Derived characters

• 𠶐, 𭪧, 𫤏, 𨓑, 𥈁

References

• KangXi: page 1254, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38748
• Dae Jaweon: page 1736, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3821, character 9
• Unihan data for U+8FCE

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 迎
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (卬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
卬	*ŋaːŋ, *ŋaŋʔ
枊	*ŋaːŋ, *ŋaːŋs
昂	*ŋaːŋ
仰	*ŋaŋʔ, *ŋaŋs
迎	*ŋaŋ, *ŋraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋaŋ, *ŋraŋs): semantic 辶 + phonetic 卬 (OC *ŋaːŋ, *ŋaŋʔ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋra-k/ŋ (“to meet; to encounter”). Cognate with Burmese ငြင်း (ngrang:, “to refuse to obey; to argue”). Within Chinese, it is related to:

• 禦 (OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas, “to defend”)
• 迕 (OC *ŋaːs, “to meet; to go against”)
• 迓 (OC *ŋraːs, “to receive; to defend”)
• 溯 (OC *sŋaːɡs, “to go upstream”)
• 逆 (OC *ŋraɡ, “to greet; to go against; to resist”)

Pronunciation 1

trad.		迎
simp. #		迎
2nd round simp.		迊

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): yíng (ying²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): йин (yin, I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jing⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): ngiàng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ngiang²

• Jin (Wiktionary): ing¹
• Min Dong (BUC): ngiàng / ngìng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): ngiâ / gêng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngêng⁵ / ngiêng⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): nyin (T3)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): in²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: yíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yng
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yíng
    • Wade–Giles: ying2
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ³⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: йин (yin, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jing⁴
    • Yale: yìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jing⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ying⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàng
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngiangˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngiang²
    • Sinological IPA: /ɲi̯aŋ¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ngiang²
    • Sinological IPA: /ɲiaŋ¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ing¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ĩŋ¹¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngiàng / ngìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋiaŋ⁵³/, /ŋiŋ⁵³/

Note:

• ngiàng - vernacular (“to parade through the streets; to become dry; to stick up”);
• ngìng - literary (“to welcome, to meet; to face; to flatter”).

Min Nan

• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngiâ
  • Tâi-lô: ngiâ
  • Phofsit Daibuun: ngiaa
  • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋiã¹³/
  • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /ŋiã²⁴/
  • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋiã²³/
• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gêng
  • Tâi-lô: gîng
  • Phofsit Daibuun: geeng
  • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiɪŋ²³/
  • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡiɪŋ¹³/
  • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴/

Note:

• ngiâ - vernacular (“to parade through the streets; to meet, to greet”);
• gêng - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ngêng⁵ / ngiêng⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngêng / ngiêng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋeŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋieŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• ngêng5 - Shantou;
• ngiêng5 - Chaozhou.

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: nyin (T3)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲɪɲ²³/

Xiang

• (Changsha)
  • Wiktionary: in²
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /in¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ŋˠiæŋ/

Rime
Character	迎
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	語京切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋˠiæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋᵚiaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋiajŋ/
Li Rong	/ŋiɐŋ/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yíng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jing4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ<r>aŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	迎
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yíng
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjæng ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋ<r>aŋ/
English	go to meet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	迎
Reading #	1/2
No.	34
Phonetic component	卬
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	迎
Old Chinese	/*ŋaŋ/

Definitions

迎

1. to receive; to welcome; to greet; to meet

   歡迎 / 欢迎  ―  huānyíng  ―  welcome

2. to flatter; to ingratiate with
3. to face; to go against; to do something in face of ...; to forge ahead

   迎著風跑 / 迎著风跑  ―  yíngzhe fēng pǎo  ―  to run against the wind

4. (Min) to escort (a god, hero etc.) through the streets; to parade through the streets
5. (Min Dong, of food) to become dry (due to exposure to the wind)
6. (Min Dong, of hair) to stick up; to become erect
7. A surname​.

Usage notes

In the sense to face, often followed by 著／着 (zhe).

Synonyms

• (to face):

edit

• 朝向 (cháoxiàng)
• 正視／正视 (zhèngshì)
• 瀕臨／濒临 (bīnlín)

• 直視／直视 (zhíshì)
• 直面 (zhímiàn)
• 面向 (miànxiàng)

• 面對／面对 (miànduì)
• 面臨／面临 (miànlín)

Compounds

Derived terms from 迎

• 倒屣相迎
• 倒屣而迎
• 倒屣迎之
• 倒屣迎賓／倒屣迎宾
• 倒履相迎
• 出迎 (chūyíng)
• 善氣迎人／善气迎人
• 大迎枕
• 失迎 (shīyíng)
• 夾道歡迎／夹道欢迎
• 奉迎 (fèngyíng)
• 奔走逢迎
• 弔賀迎送／吊贺迎送
• 恭迎 (gōngyíng)
• 承迎
• 承順逢迎／承顺逢迎
• 揣合逢迎
• 擁彗迎門／拥彗迎门
• 曲意逢迎 (qūyìféngyíng)
• 歡迎／欢迎 (huānyíng)
• 水送山迎
• 竭誠歡迎／竭诚欢迎
• 賣俏迎奸／卖俏迎奸
• 迎來送往／迎来送往
• 迎候 (yínghòu)

• 迎刃而解 (yíngrèn'érjiě)
• 迎合 (yínghé)
• 迎向
• 迎妝／迎妆
• 迎姦賣俏／迎奸卖俏
• 迎娶 (yíngqǔ)
• 迎婿日
• 迎年
• 迎意承旨
• 迎戰／迎战 (yíngzhàn)
• 迎手
• 迎接 (yíngjiē)
• 迎擊／迎击 (yíngjī)
• 迎敵／迎敌 (yíngdí)
• 迎新 (yíngxīn)
• 迎新送故
• 迎新送舊／迎新送旧
• 迎春 (yíngchūn)
• 迎春花 (yíngchūnhuā)
• 迎會／迎会
• 迎歡買俏／迎欢买俏
• 迎睇
• 迎神 (yíngshén)
• 迎神賽會／迎神赛会 (yíngshén sàihuì)
• 迎紫姑

• 迎親／迎亲 (yíngqīn)
• 迎賓／迎宾 (yíngbīn)
• 迎迓 (yíngyà)
• 迎阿
• 迎難而上／迎难而上 (yíngnán'érshàng)
• 迎靈／迎灵
• 迎面 (yíngmiàn)
• 迎頭／迎头 (yíngtóu)
• 迎頭兒／迎头儿
• 迎頭棒喝／迎头棒喝
• 迎頭痛擊／迎头痛击 (yíngtóutòngjī)
• 迎頭趕上／迎头赶上 (yíngtóu gǎnshàng)
• 迎風／迎风 (yíngfēng)
• 迎風冒雪／迎风冒雪
• 迎風待月／迎风待月
• 迎風搖曳／迎风摇曳
• 迎養／迎养 (yíngyǎng)
• 送往迎來／送往迎来
• 送故迎新
• 送舊迎新／送旧迎新
• 逢迎 (féngyíng)
• 逢迎色笑
• 遠迎／远迎
• 郊迎
• 阿諛逢迎／阿谀逢迎

Pronunciation 2

trad.		迎
simp. #		迎

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yìng (ying⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jing⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: yìng
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yinq
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yìng
    • Wade–Giles: ying4
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jing⁶
    • Yale: yihng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jing⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ying⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /ŋˠiæŋ^H/

Rime
Character	迎
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚敬切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋˠiæŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋᵚiaŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiaŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋiajŋH/
Li Rong	/ŋiɐŋH/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jing6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ<r>aŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋraŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	迎
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yìng
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjængH ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋ<r>aŋ-s/
English	go to meet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	迎
Reading #	2/2
No.	35
Phonetic component	卬
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	迎
Old Chinese	/*ŋraŋs/

Definitions

迎

1. ^† to prepare to greet a guest before their arrival
2. 42nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝌯)

Compounds

Derived terms from 迎

• 親迎／亲迎

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Japanese

Kanji

迎

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. welcome
2. to meet
3. to greet

Readings

• Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)
• Kan-on: げい (gei, Jōyō)
• Kun: むかえる (mukaeru, 迎える, Jōyō); むかえ (mukae, 迎え)

Proper noun

Kanji in this term
迎
むかい Grade: S
kun’yomi

Kanji in this term
迎
むかえ Grade: S
kun’yomi

迎(むかえ) or 迎(むかい) • (Mukae or Mukai) 

1. A surname​.

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Korean

Hanja

迎 (eumhun 맞을 영 (majeul yeong))

1. Hanja form^? of 영 (“to meet; to greet; welcome”).

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Vietnamese

Han character

迎: Hán Nôm readings: nghênh, ngảnh, nghểnh, nghiêng, nginh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.