語

See also: 语

§Translingual

§Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): Radical: 訁 (言) + Phonetic: 吾 (五 + 口)

§Han character

語 (radical 149 言+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜口一一口 (YRMMR), four-corner 0166₁, composition ⿰言吾)

§References

• KangXi: page 1163, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35533
• Dae Jaweon: page 1628, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3974, character 9
• Unihan data for U+8A9E

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§Chinese

		-
trad.		語
simp.		语

§Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǔ (yu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁵
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): ngî
• Min Dong (BUC): ngṳ̄
• Min Nan (POJ): gí / gú
• Wu (WT Romanisation): nyy (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: yǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˇ
    • Wade-Giles: yü³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeu
    • IPA ^(key): /y²¹⁴/

    • (file)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyu⁵
    • Yale: yúh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁵
    • IPA ^(key): /jyː¹³/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngî
    • IPA (Siyen, including Miaoli): /ɲi²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngṳ̄
    • IPA ^(key): /ŋy³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gí / gú
    • Tâi-lô: gí / gú
    • IPA (Taipei): /gi⁴¹/, /gu⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /gi⁵³/, /gu⁵³/
  • Note: gí, gú - vernacular, gú - literary.
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • WT Romanisation: nyy (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /ȵy²³/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (語, reconstructed)
Character (語), Pronunciation 1/2
Initial: 疑 (31) Final: 魚 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Rising (X)			Fanqie: 魚巨切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ŋɨʌX/	/ŋi̯woX/	/ŋiɔX/	/ŋiɔX/	/ŋɨə̆X/	/ŋĭoX/	/ŋiɔX/
Character (語), Pronunciation 2/2
Initial: 疑 (31) Final: 魚 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 牛倨切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ŋɨʌH/	/ŋi̯woH/	/ŋiɔH/	/ŋiɔH/	/ŋɨə̆H/	/ŋĭoH/	/ŋiɔH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (語, reconstructed)
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
語					13159					五					魚					0					語					/*ŋaʔ/
語					13165					五					魚					0					御					/*ŋas/

§Definitions

1. language; speech; expression; words
2. saying; proverb; set phrase

§Compounds

• 吳語 (wúyǔ)
• 粵語 (yuèyǔ)

§References

• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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§Japanese

§Kanji

語

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. A word.
2. Speech.
3. Language.
4. A term.

§Readings

• Goon: ご (go)
• Kan’on: ぎょ (gyo)
• Kun: かたる (語る, kataru), かたり (語り, katari), かたらう (語らう, katarau), かたらい (語らい, katarai)

§Compounds

Compounds starting with 語

語句 (ごく, goku): words, phrases 語気 (ごき, goki): tone (of voice or wording), manner (of speaking) 語尾 (ごび, gobi): the inflected ending of a word 語尾変化 (ごびへんか, [[gobi henka]]): the inflection of words 語形 (ごけい, gokei): a word form, an inflectional form 語呂 / 語路 (ごろ, goro): the ring or sound of a word or phrase; euphony 語法 (ごほう, gohō): diction, grammar, syntax 語学 (ごがく, gogaku): linguistics 語学者 (ごがくしゃ, gogakusha): a linguist 語根 (ごこん, gokon): the stem or root of a word 語格 (ごかく, gokaku): grammar 語脈 (ごみゃく, gomyaku): the interrelationship of words 語原 / 語源 (ごげん, gogen): a word's derivation or etymology 語源学 (ごげんがく, gogengaku): the study of etymology 語族 (ごぞく, gozoku): a language family

語釈 (ごしゃく, goshaku): an explanation or explication of a word, term, phrase, or clause 語数 (ごすう, gosū): the number of words 語群 (ごぐん, gogun): a language group 語彙 (ごい, goi): vocabulary 語義 (ごぎ, gogi): the meaning of a word 語意 (ごい, goi): the meaning of a word 語勢 (ごせい, gosei): stress, tone, or emphasis; a manner of speaking 語感 (ごかん, gokan): a sense of language; the nuance of a word 語幹 (ごかん, gokan): the stem or root of a word 語調 (ごちょう, gochō): tone of voice, accent 語弊 (ごへい, gohei): a misleading expression; a misunderstanding 語頭 (ごとう, gotō): the head or beginning of a word 語類 (ごるい, gorui): part of speech 語順 (ごじゅん, gojun): word order 語録 (ごろく, goroku): a collection of sayings; analects

Compounds containing 語

アルファベットの語 (アルファベットのご, arufabetto no go): alphabetic word 新語 (しんご, shingo): a new word 難語 (なんご, nango): a difficult word 口語 (こうご, kōgo): colloquial speech, a conversational style 一語 (いちご, ichigo): one word 一語一語 (いちごいちご, ichigoichigo): verbatim, word for word 単語 (たんご, tango): word, term 自立語 (じりつご, jiritsugo): (grammar) an independent word 付属語 (ふぞくご, fuzokugo): (grammar) a dependent word

活用語 (かつようご, katsuyōgo): an inflectional word: a word that inflects 無活用語 (むかつようご, mukatsuyōgo): a non-inflectional or non-inflecting word 共通語 (きょうつうご, kyōtsūgo): a common language; a lingua franca 外国語 (がいこくご, gaikokugo): foreign language 外来語 (がいらいご, gairaigo): a borrowed term: a word originally from another language 日本語 (にほんご, nihongo): Japanese (language) 物語 (ものがたり, monogatari): tale, story, legend 母語 (ぼご, bogo): mother tongue; native language

§Usage notes

Add the suffix -語 to the name of a country to derive the word for that country's language. For example, 日本 (Nihon, "Japan") + 語 = 日本語 (Nihongo, "Japanese"); スペイン (Supein, "Spain") + 語 = スペイン語 (Supeingo, "Spanish"). Note that there are some exceptions to this, such as イギリス (Igirisu, "England") and 英語 (Eigo, "English").

§Suffix

語 (hiragana ご, romaji -go)

1. language of, -ese, -ish

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§Korean

§Hanja

語 (eo) (hangeul 어, McCune-Reischauer ŏ, Yale e)

1. language of, -ese, -ish

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§Vietnamese

§Han character

語 (ngữ, ngứ)

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