言
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Translingual[edit]
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
| Japanese | 言 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 言 |
| Traditional | 言 |
Alternative forms[edit]
Note that in Japanese and Korean (printed forms), the 亠 component on top is written 二 (as found in the Kangxi dictionary). In traditional/simplified Chinese and Vietnamese, the top component is written 丶. In written Japanese, the top component may be written either 一, 丶 or 丨 (small vertical stroke).
Han character[edit]
言 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 卜一一口 (YMMR), four-corner 00601, composition ⿳亠𠄠口(GHTV) or ⿱亖口(JK))
- Kangxi radical #149, ⾔.
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №56
Derived characters[edit]
- Appendix:Chinese radical/言
- 信, 唁, 𫭷, 娮, 𡥪, 𢚘, 𣵧, 狺, 𬯂, 這, 𭪐, 𣨌, 𤉘, 𪺞, 琂, 𫀎, 𤯆, 䂴, 𬚝, 𬜇, 𧠻, 𨡄, 𨦼, 䩧, 𬩋, 𪘎
- 䚯, 䚺, 䚿, 𫑟, 𠟸, 悥, 𬾕, 㝘, 䓂, 𣁎, 䇾, 𦎍, 𨧕, 霅, 𥕔, 㢇, 𡹼, 𤶘, 䴦, 獄, 𧗳, 㯎, 辯, 𠥇, 𠥵, 圁, 燮, 夑, 爕, 𣚞, 𤅗
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1146, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35205
- Dae Jaweon: page 1612, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3936, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8A00
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
言 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 言 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
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Ideogram (指事): 言 was created by adding a mark to 舌 to indicate movement of the tongue.[1] This indicates speech where 舌 is a mouth (口) with a tongue sticking out.
Shuowen erroneously analyzes the glyph as a phono-semantic compound (形聲): phonetic 䇂 (qiān) + semantic 口 (“mouth”).
Etymology[edit]
According to Schuessler (2007: 74) this word is derived from 語 (OC *ŋaʔ, “to speak”) + -n nominal suffix.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
言
- to say; to speak; to talk
- to discuss; to comment
- to state; to describe; to explain
- to write down; to record
- to ask; to inquire
- to inform; to tell; to let know
- spoken language; speech
- opinion; view; perspective
- words; language appropriate to the occasion
- proposal; idea; plan
- government decree; order
- character; word
- sentence; writing; works
- † A meaningless sentence-initial mood particle.
- 陟彼南山，言采其蕨 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- zhì bǐ nán shān, yán cǎi qí jué [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- a surname
Synonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 言
References[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
言
- to say
- speech
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: ごん (gon, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: げん (gen, Jōyō)
- Kun: こと (koto, 言, Jōyō); いう (iu, 言う, Jōyō)←いふ (ifu, 言ふ, historical); ことば (kotoba, 言)
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 言 |
| げん Grade: 2 |
| kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 言 (MC ŋɨɐn, “speech”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
- (parole): パロール (parōru)
Antonyms[edit]
- (parole): 言語 (gengo)
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 言 |
| こと Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
Cognate with 事 (koto, “thing”).[4]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- ^ 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Korean[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle Chinese 言 (MC ŋɨɐn).
| Historical readings |
|---|
|
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ʌ̹n]
- Phonetic hangul: [언]
Hanja[edit]
言 (eumhun 말씀 언 (malsseum eon))
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
- 언어 (言語, eoneo)
- 언행 (言行, eonhaeng)
- 언론 (言論, eollon)
- 발언 (發言, bareon)
- 선언 (宣言, seoneon)
- 언급 (言及, eon'geup)
- 증언 (證言, jeung'eon)
- 망언 (妄言, mang'eon)
- 격언 (格言, gyeogeon)
- 화편 (花片, hwapyeon)
- 언동 (言動, eondong)
- 대언 (對言, daeeon)
- 폭언 (暴言, pogeon)
- 전언 (傳言, jeoneon)
- 조언 (助言, jo'eon)
- 언중 (言衆, eonjung)
- 허언 (虛言, heo'eon)
- 언사 (言辭, eonsa)
- 언약 (言約, eonyak)
- 유언 (遺言, yueon)
- 잠언 (箴言, jameon)
- 눌언 (訥言, nureon)
- 공언 (公言, gong'eon)
- 고언 (苦言, go'eon)
- 이언 (俚言, ieon)
- 확언 (確言, hwageon)
- 오언 (五言, o'eon)
- 진언 (眞言, jineon)
- 제언 (提言, jeeon)
- 명언 (名言, myeong'eon)
- 부언 (浮言, bueon)
- 좌언 (左言, jwa'eon)
- 예언 (豫言, yeeon)
- 호언 (豪言, ho'eon)
- 단언 (端言, daneon)
- 언변 (言辯, eonbyeon)
- 정언 (正言, jeong'eon)
- 창언 (昌言, chang'eon)
- 가언 (嘉言, ga'eon)
- 언설 (言舌, eonseol)
- 간언 (諫言, ganeon)
- 방언 (方言, bang'eon)
- 언쟁 (言爭, eonjaeng)
- 언필칭 (言必稱, eonpilching)
- 가언판단 (假言判斷, ga'eonpandan)
Etymology 2[edit]
Related to Middle Chinese 誾 (MC ŋˠiɪn).
Hanja[edit]
言 (eumhun 심사화평할 은 (simsahwapyeonghal eun))
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
Okinawan[edit]
Kanji[edit]
言
- to say
- speech
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Noun[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
言: Hán Nôm readings: ngôn, ngỏn, ngộn, ngổn, ngồn, ngủn
- speech
- word
- to speak
- to tell
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- ja:Linguistics
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