云

See also: 雲

云 U+4E91, 云 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E91 ← 亐 [U+4E90] CJK Unified Ideographs 互 → [U+4E92]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

云 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一一戈 (MMI), four-corner 1073₁, composition ⿱二厶 or ⿱一𠫔)

Derived characters

• 呍, 妘, 沄, 抎, 忶, 枟, 眃, 𥐯, 秐, 紜(纭), 耘, 耺, 夽, 侌, 芸, 凨, 囩, 雲, 藝, 䢵, 魂, 䲰(𪉂), 䰟, 兿
• 転, 伝 (Simplified from 專 in Japanese)
• 沄, 叆, 叇, 昙 (Simplified from 雲 in traditional Chinese)
• 会, 尝, 层, 动, 运, 坛, 酝 (Simplified from various components in traditional Chinese)

Related characters

• 雲 (Traditional form of 云)

References

• KangXi: page 86, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 254
• Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 384, character 2
• Unihan data for U+4E91

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 云
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script
Small seal script s08529
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (云) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
魂	*ɢuːn
沄	*ɢuːn, *ɢun
忶	*ɢuːn, *ɢuns
囩	*ɢun
夽	*ŋunʔ
雲	*ɢun
芸	*ɢun
耘	*ɢun
妘	*ɢun
紜	*ɢun
云	*ɢun
耺	*ɢun
蕓	*ɢun
澐	*ɢun
橒	*ɢun
抎	*ɢunʔ

Pictogram (象形): a stylized picture of clouds. The derivative 雲／云 (yún) refers to the original word.

Jiajie (假借) - The character was subsequently borrowed for a near-homophone meaning "to say", and the original meaning came to be represented by 雲 (OC *ɢun), through the addition of a semantic component 雨 (“rain”).

The simplified form adopted by the People's Republic of China in the 1950s eliminates this later addition and uses 云 for both "to say" and "cloud".

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 云 – see 雲 (“cloud; cloud; etc.”). (This character, 云, is the simplified and variant form of 雲.)

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		云

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yún (yun²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yùn
• Min Dong (BUC): ùng
• Min Nan (POJ): ûn / în
• Wu (Wiktionary): ³hhyn

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yún
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yún
    • Wade–Giles: yün²
    • Yale: yún
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yun
    • Palladius: юнь (junʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: wan⁴
    • Yale: wàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
    • Hakka Romanization System: iunˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yun²
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯un¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iunˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yun²
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯un¹¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ùng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uŋ⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûn
    • Tâi-lô: ûn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: uun
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /un²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Jinjiang, Philippines): /un²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: în
    • Tâi-lô: în
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iin
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /in¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: ³hhyn
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦʏɲ²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: /ɦɨun/

Rime
Character	云
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	王分切
Baxter	hjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiun/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦun/
Li Rong	/ɣiuən/
Wang Li	/ɣĭuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə[r]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	云
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yún
Middle Chinese	‹ hjun ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə[r]/
English	say
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	云
Reading #	1/1
No.	16363
Phonetic component	云
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	雲
Old Chinese	/*ɢun/

Definitions

云

1. (literary) to say; to speak (used when quoting from a source)
2. A particle.
3. a surname:
   1. originated from 妘 (yún)
   2. originated from Zhou dynasty feudal state of 䢵
   3. originated from surname 牒云
   4. simplified from 雲
4. (Quanzhou, Xiamen and Philippines Hokkien) to go on a pleasure trip; to roam around
5. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 云 (MC ɦɨun), equivalent to the 3rd 等 (děng) of the initial 喻 (MC jɨoH)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 說 (“to say, to speak”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		言, 云, 曰, 道
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		說, 道 literary
Mandarin	Beijing	說
	Taiwan	說, 講
	Tianjin	說
	Jinan	說
	Xi'an	說
	Wuhan	說
	Chengdu	說
	Guilin	講
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	講
	Hefei	講
	Malaysia	說, 講
	Singapore	說, 講
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	說
	Pematangsiantar	講
Cantonese	Guangzhou	講, 話
	Hong Kong	講, 話
	Macau	講, 話
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	講, 話
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	講
	Taishan	話
	Taishan (Guanghai)	講
	Yunfu	話
	Yangjiang	講, 話
	Beihai	講
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	講
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	講
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	講
	Danzhou	講
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	講, 話
	Penang (Guangfu)	講, 話
	Singapore (Guangfu)	講, 話
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	講
	Móng Cái	講
	Mandalay (Taishan)	講
Gan	Nanchang	話
Hakka	Meixian	講, 話
	Wuhua (Meilin)	講
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	講
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	講
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	講
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	講
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	講
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	講
	Hong Kong	講
	Kuching (Hepo)	講
	Singapore (Dabu)	講
Huizhou	Jixi	講
Jin	Taiyuan	說
Min Bei	Jian'ou	話
Min Dong	Fuzhou	講
	Fuqing	講
	Singapore (Fuqing)	講
Min Nan	Xiamen	講
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	講
	Quanzhou	說
	Jinjiang	說
	Shishi	說, 講
	Zhangzhou	講
	Zhao'an	呾, 講
	Dongshan	講
	Taipei	講
	Kaohsiung	講
	Tainan	講
	Penang (Hokkien)	講
	Singapore (Hokkien)	講
	Manila (Hokkien)	說, 講
	Chaozhou	呾
	Raoping	呾
	Shantou	呾
	Shantou (Chenghai)	呾
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	呾
	Jieyang	呾
	Lufeng	講
	Haifeng	講
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	呾
	Singapore (Teochew)	呾
	Pontianak (Teochew)	呾
	Leizhou	講
	Wenchang	講
	Haikou	講
	Qionghai	講
	Singapore (Hainanese)	講
Puxian Min	Putian	講
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	講
Southern Pinghua	Binyang	講, 說
Wu	Shanghai	講
	Suzhou	講, 說
	Hangzhou	說, 話, 講
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	講, 話
	Ningbo	講, 話
	Wenzhou	講
Xiang	Changsha	講
	Xiangtan	講
	Xiangxiang	講
	Xiangxiang (Meiqiao)	講
	Shuangfeng	曰, 講

• (to go on a pleasure trip): 漫遊／漫游 (mànyóu)

Compounds

• 不知所云 (bùzhīsuǒyún)
• 云乎
• 云乎哉
• 云云 (yúnyún)
• 云亡
• 云亭
• 云亭山人
• 云何 (yúnhé)
• 云喻
• 云已
• 云是
• 云板

• 云然
• 云者
• 云耳
• 云胡
• 云若
• 云都赤
• 人云亦云 (rényúnyìyún)
• 但云
• 唱云
• 漫云
• 牒云

• 背云
• 胡云
• 胡云海嗙
• 云為／云为
• 云爾／云尔 (yún'ěr)
• 云爾哉／云尔哉
• 子曰詩云／子曰诗云 (zǐyuēshīyún)
• 歲聿云暮／岁聿云暮
• 紛云／纷云
• 聲云／声云
• 詩云子曰／诗云子曰

Japanese

Kanji

云

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. say

Readings

• Go-on: うん (un)
• Kan-on: うん (un)
• Kun: いう (iu, 云う)^{←いふ (ifu, 云ふ, historical)}
• Nanori: おき (oki); これ (kore); とも (tomo); ひと (hito)

Compounds

• 云(しか)云(じか) (shikajika)
• 云(うん)々(ぬん) (unnun)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
云
うん Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 云 (MC ɦɨun).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟̃ᵝɴ]

Affix

云(うん) • (un) 

1. say

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 云(うん)云(ぬん), 云(うん)々(ぬん) (unnun)
• 云(うん)為(い) (un'i)
• 云(うん)爾(じ) (unji)

Korean

Hanja

云 (eum 운 (un))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

云: Hán Việt readings: vân (于(vu)分(phân)切(thiết))
云: Nôm readings: vân

1. chữ Hán form of vân (“to say; to speak”).