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分

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 份 and 𭄞
分 U+5206, 分
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5206
← 刅
[U+5205] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 切 →
[U+5207]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
Stroke order
4 strokes

Han character

[edit]

分 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+2, 4 strokes, Cangjie input 金尸竹 (CSH), four-corner 80227, composition ⿱八刀)

Derived characters

[edit]
Additional Derived Characters

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 136, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1853
  • Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 321, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5206

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 分
simp. # 分

Glyph origin

[edit]
Characters in the same phonetic series (分) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
扮 *prɯːns, *hmroːlʔ, *pɯn, *pɯnʔ
盼 *pʰrɯːns
頒 *praːn, *bɯn
朌 *praːn, *bɯn
鳻 *praːn, *bɯn
份 *prɯn, *bɯns
汃 *pʰreːd, *prɯn
玢 *prɯn
邠 *prɯn
攽 *prɯn
砏 *prɯn, *pʰrɯn, *pʰɯn
貧 *brɯn
湓 *pʰɯːns, *bɯːn, *pʰɯns
盆 *bɯːn
葐 *bɯːn, *bɯn, *bɯn
坌 *bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns
坋 *bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns
分 *pɯn, *bɯns
吩 *pɯn
粉 *pɯnʔ
黺 *pɯnʔ
芬 *pʰɯn
紛 *pʰɯn
衯 *pʰɯn
棻 *pʰɯn, *bɯn
氛 *pʰɯn, *bɯn
雰 *pʰɯn
忿 *pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯnʔ
魵 *pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯn, *bɯnʔ
汾 *bɯn
羒 *bɯn
枌 *bɯn
棼 *bɯn
妢 *bɯn
梤 *bɯn
馚 *bɯn
鼢 *bɯn, *bɯnʔ
蚡 *bɯn, *bɯnʔ
弅 *bɯnʔ
秎 *bɯns

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 八 (“to separate”) + 刀 (“knife”) – to separate with a knife.

Pronunciation 1

[edit]
Note:
  • pûn - vernacular (“to divide; to separate; to distribute; to give; by”);
  • fûn - literary.
Note:
  • buŏng - vernacular;
  • hŭng - literary.
Note:
  • bong1/buong1 - vernacular;
  • hong1/huong1 - literary.
Note:
  • pun - vernacular;
  • hun - literary.
Note:
  • bung1 - vernacular;
  • hung1 - literary.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: bung1 / bheng1
      • Sinological IPA: /puŋ³⁵/, /beŋ³⁵/
Note:
  • bung1 - vernacular;
  • bheng1 - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 分
Mandarin Beijing /fən⁵⁵/
Harbin /fən⁴⁴/
Tianjin /fən²¹/
Jinan /fẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /fə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /fən²⁴/
Xi'an /fẽ²¹/
Xining /fə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /fəŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /fə̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /fɤŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /fən⁵⁵/
Chengdu /fən⁵⁵/
Guiyang /fen⁵⁵/
Kunming /fə̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /fən³¹/
Hefei /fən²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /fəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /xuŋ¹³/
Hohhot /fə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /fəŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /fən⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /fen³³/
Wenzhou /faŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /fʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /fɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /fən³³/
Xiangtan /ɸən³³/
Gan Nanchang /fɨn⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /fun⁴⁴/ ～配
/pun⁴⁴/ 給
Taoyuan /pun²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐn⁵³/
Nanning /fɐn⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /fɐn⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hun⁵⁵/
/pun⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /puoŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xɔŋ⁵⁴/
/puiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /luŋ³³/
/puŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbun²³/
/hun²³/
Rime
Character 分
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 府文切
Baxter pjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pɨun/
Pan
Wuyun 		/piun/
Shao
Rongfen 		/piuən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pun/
Li
Rong 		/piuən/
Wang
Li 		/pĭuən/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pi̯uən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fēn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fan1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 分
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fēn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pjun ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pə[n]/
English divide

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 分
Reading # 1/2
No. 3148
Phonetic
component 		分
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		分
Old
Chinese 		/*pɯn/

Definitions

[edit]

分

  1. to divide; to separate
    這項工作分兩階段進行。 [MSC, trad.]
    这项工作分两阶段进行。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè xiàng gōngzuò fēn liǎng jiēduàn jìnxíng. [Pinyin]
    This exercise is divided into two stages.
    分成五塊／分成五块 [Cantonese]  ―  fan1 sing4 ng5 faai3 [Jyutping]  ―  split into 5 pieces
  2. to distribute; to allocate; to assign; to allot
    他和兒子分吃了一張比薩餅。 [MSC, trad.]
    他和儿子分吃了一张比萨饼。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā hé érzǐ fēn chī le yī zhāng bǐsàbǐng. [Pinyin]
    He shared a pizza with his son.
    他和我一起分蘋果。 [MSC, trad.]
    他和我一起分苹果。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā hé wǒ yīqǐ fēn píngguǒ. [Pinyin]
    He divided the apples with me.
    他們分到了一幢住房。 [MSC, trad.]
    他们分到了一幢住房。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tāmen fēn dào le yī zhuàng zhùfáng. [Pinyin]
    They were allotted a house to live in.
  3. to distinguish; to differentiate; to tell apart
    我分不清他們。他們長得太像了。 [MSC, trad.]
    我分不清他们。他们长得太像了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ fēn bù qīng tāmen. Tāmen cháng dé tài xiàng le. [Pinyin]
    I cannot tell them apart. They are very much alike.
    他是一個懦夫，一個分不清蠻力和大丈夫氣概的恃強凌弱者。 [MSC, trad.]
    他是一个懦夫，一个分不清蛮力和大丈夫气概的恃强凌弱者。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā shì yī ge nuòfū, yī ge fēn bù qīng mánlì hé dàzhàngfū qìgài de shìqiánglíngruò zhě. [Pinyin]
    He's a coward and a bully who confuses physical strength with manhood.
  4. to break up; to end a relationship; to separate
    See also: 分手
  5. (Hakka, Teochew, Hainanese) to give
  6. (Hakka, Teochew) by
    分人罵／分人骂 [Sixian Hakka]  ―  pûn ngìn ma [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ]  ―  to be scolded (by people)
  7. minute (unit of time)
    分鐘／分钟  ―  fēnzhōng  ―  minute
    現在是7點45分。／现在是7点45分。  ―  Xiànzài shì 7 diǎn 45 fēn.  ―  It's quarter to eight now.
  8. minute (unit of angle, 1/60 of a degree)
  9. fraction; proportion
    分之  ―  fēnzhī  ―  used to indicate a fraction
  10. (education, competition, etc.) point; mark
    本題佔五十分。／本题占五十分。  ―  Běntí zhàn wǔshí fēn.  ―  This question counts for 50 points.
    我得了多少分？ [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Wǒ dé le duōshǎo fēn? [Pinyin]
    What's my score?
    攞高分／𫽋高分 [Cantonese]  ―  lo2 gou1 fan1 [Jyutping]  ―  to get high marks
  11. one tenth
  12. [from 19th c., officially from 1981 (PRC), 1985 (ROC)] deci- (SI unit prefix)
  13. (economy, numismatics) 0.01 yuan (or dollars, etc.); fen; cent
  14. (Shanghainese, slang) ten yuan (or dollars, etc.) (Classifier: 張／张 w)
  15. (Shanghainese, by extension) money
    還分／还分 [Shanghainese]  ―  6we 1fen [Wugniu]  ―  to return money
  16. one tenth of a 寸 (a unit of length)
    1. (Hong Kong) fan, legally defined as 0.00371475 metres
    2. (Mainland China) short for 市分, equivalent to 0.33 cm
  17. one tenth of a 畝 (a unit of area)
  18. a candareen (a unit of weight), one tenth of a 錢／钱 (qián, “mace”), and equal to ten 釐 (lí, “cash”)
  19. (historical) an ancient small unit of time
  20. (Hokkien) to adopt (a child)
  21. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to beg (ask for food or money as charity)
Synonyms
[edit]
  • (to divide):
  • (to distribute):
  • (to distribute):
  • (to break up): 分手 (fēnshǒu)
  • (to give):
Dialectal synonyms of 給 (“to give”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 予, 畀
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 給
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 給
Taiwan 給
Malaysia 給
Singapore 給
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 給
Jinan 給
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 給
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 給
Wuhan 把, 把得, 給
Guilin 給
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 把, 給
Hefei 給
Cantonese Guangzhou 畀
Hong Kong 畀
Macau 畀
Taishan 畀
Dongguan 畀
Yangjiang 畀
Nanning 畀
Nanning (Tanka) 畀
Yulin 分
Baise 畀
Qinzhou 畀
Qinzhou (Changtan) 畀
Beihai 畀
Beihai (Nankang) 畀
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 畀
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 畀
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 畀
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 畀
Penang (Guangfu) 畀
Singapore (Guangfu) 畀
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 畀
Móng Cái 畀
Gan Nanchang 把
Hakka Meixian 分
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 分
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 分
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 分
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 分
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 分
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 得
Kuching (Hepo) 分
Singapore (Meixian) 分
Singapore (Dabu) 分
Jin Taiyuan 給
Northern Min Jian'ou 吶
Eastern Min Fuzhou 乞
Southern Min Xiamen 予
Quanzhou 予, 傳
Zhangzhou 予
Zhao'an 予
Taipei 予
New Taipei (Sanxia) 予
Kaohsiung 予
Yilan 予
Changhua (Lukang) 予
Taichung 予
Taichung (Wuqi) 予
Tainan 予
Taitung 予
Hsinchu 予
Kinmen 予
Penghu (Magong) 予
Penang (Hokkien) 予
Singapore (Hokkien) 予
Manila (Hokkien) 予
Chaozhou 分, 乞
Shantou 分, 乞
Shantou (Chaoyang) 乞
Jieyang 分, 乞
Haifeng 分, 予
Phnom Penh (Teochew) 予, 分
Singapore (Teochew) 分, 乞
Pontianak (Teochew) 分, 乞
Leizhou 乞
Wenchang 分
Haikou 要
Puxian Min Putian 乞
Wu Shanghai 撥, 撥辣
Suzhou 撥
Ningbo 撥
Wenzhou 匄
Xiang Changsha 把
Loudi 把
  • (by):
Dialectal synonyms of 被 (“by”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 被
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 讓, 叫, 給
Taiwan 讓, 叫, 給
Malaysia 被, 給
Singapore 被, 讓, 給
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 叫, 讓
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 叫
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 遭, 叫
Wuhan 把得
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 給, 把
Hefei 給, 叫
Cantonese Guangzhou 畀
Hong Kong 畀
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 畀
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 畀
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 畀
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 畀
Macau 畀
Guangzhou (Panyu) 畀
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 畀
Guangzhou (Conghua) 畀
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 畀
Foshan 畀
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 畀
Foshan (Shunde) 畀
Foshan (Sanshui) 畀
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 畀
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 畀
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 畀
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 畀
Zhuhai (Doumen) 畀
Jiangmen (Baisha) 畀
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 畀
Taishan 畀
Kaiping (Chikan) 畀
Enping (Niujiang) 畀
Heshan (Yayao) 畀
Dongguan 畀
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 畀
Shaoguan 畀
Yunfu 畀
Yangjiang 畀
Xinyi 畀
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 畀
Singapore (Guangfu) 畀
Gan Nanchang 讓, 等
Hakka Meixian 分
Xingning 分
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 畀
Huiyang 分
Huidong (Daling) 分
Dongguan (Qingxi) 分
Boluo (Bendihua) 畀
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 分
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 畀
Wuhua (Huacheng) 分
Heyuan (Bendihua) 把
Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) 畀
Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) 把
Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) 分
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 分
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 分
Liannan 分
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 分
Jiexi 分
Changting 得
Wuping 得
Wuping (Pingyu) 得
Liancheng 給
Ninghua 分
Ruijin 得
Shicheng 得
Shangyou (Shexi) 討
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 分
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 分
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 分
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 分
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 分
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 得
Hong Kong 分
Senai (Huiyang) 分
Kuching (Hepo) 分
Jin Taiyuan 叫, 給
Northern Min Jian'ou 吶
Eastern Min Fuzhou 乞
Southern Min Xiamen 予, 乞
Quanzhou 予, 乞, 傳
Zhangzhou 予, 乞
Taipei 予
New Taipei (Sanxia) 予
Kaohsiung 予
Yilan 予
Changhua (Lukang) 予
Taichung 予
Tainan 予
Hsinchu 予
Kinmen 予
Penghu (Magong) 予
Singapore (Hokkien) 予
Manila (Hokkien) 予
Chaozhou 分, 乞
Shantou 分, 乞, 予
Shantou (Chaoyang) 乞
Jieyang 分, 乞
Singapore (Teochew) 分
Leizhou 乞
Haikou 要
Wu Shanghai 撥, 撥辣
Suzhou 撥, 撥勒
Ningbo 撥, 撥人家
Wenzhou 匄
Xiang Changsha 聽, 撈, 讓, 被
Shuangfeng 耗
  • (to beg for food or money):
  • (cent):
Dialectal synonyms of 分 (“fen; cent”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 分
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 分
Taiwan 分
Malaysia 仙
Singapore 分
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 分
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 分
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 分
Wuhan 分
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 分
Hefei 分
Cantonese Guangzhou 分
Hong Kong 仙, 仙士 dated
Taishan 分, 仙
Singapore (Guangfu) 分
Gan Nanchang 分
Hakka Meixian 分
Jin Taiyuan 分
Northern Min Jian'ou 分
Eastern Min Fuzhou 分
Southern Min Xiamen 占, 分
Quanzhou 占
Zhangzhou 占
Tainan 仙
Penang (Hokkien) 鐳, sen
Singapore (Hokkien) 占
Manila (Hokkien) 仙
Chaozhou 分
Singapore (Teochew) 占
Singapore (Hainanese) 占
Wu Suzhou 分
Wenzhou 分
Xiang Changsha 分
Shuangfeng 分
See also
[edit]
  • (unit of length): 丈 (zhàng), 尺 (chǐ), 寸 (cùn)
SI prefix
Last Next
n/a 分 釐
Chinese historical small numbers
Value Character Notes
10-1 分 (fèn) Still in use. SI prefix deci-.
10-2 厘 (lí), 釐 (lí) Still in use. SI prefix centi-.
10-3 毫 (háo) Still in use. SI prefix milli-. Also 毛 (máo).
10-4 絲 / 丝 (sī) Rarely used today.
秒 (miǎo) Obsolete, only in ancient texts.
10-5 忽 (hū) Rarely used today.
10-6 微 (wēi) Still in use. SI prefix micro-.
10-7 纖 / 纤 (xiān) Obsolete.
10-8 沙 (shā) Obsolete.
10-9 塵 / 尘 (chén) Obsolete. 納 / 纳 (nà) and 奈 (nài) are used for nano-.
10-10 埃 (āi) Obsolete. In modern use, the character for angstrom (10-10 m).
10-11 渺 (miǎo) Obsolete.
10-12 漠 (mò) Obsolete. 皮 (pí) is used for SI prefix pico-.

Compounds

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
  • → Malay: hun
    • → Indonesian: hun
  • → Thai: หุน (hǔn, “a unit of length and weight”)
  • → Zhuang: baen, faen, faenh

Pronunciation 2

[edit]
Rime
Character 分
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 扶問切
Baxter bjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bɨunH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/biunH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/biuənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/bunH/
Li
Rong 		/biuənH/
Wang
Li 		/bĭuənH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯uənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fan6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 分
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fèn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bjunH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[m]-pə[n]-s/
English alloted duty

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 分
Reading # 2/2
No. 3191
Phonetic
component 		分
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		分
Old
Chinese 		/*bɯns/

Definitions

[edit]

分

  1. part; share; portion
  2. ingredient; component
  3. duty; responsibility
  4. status; standing
  5. lot; fate; destiny
  6. mutual affection
  7. alternative form of 份 (fèn, classifier)
  8. short for 分之 (fēn zhī)
Usage notes
[edit]

Many of the senses are now written with the specialised character 份 (fèn).

Synonyms
[edit]
  • (ingredient): 成分 (chéngfèn)

Compounds

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]
Shinjitai 分
Kyūjitai
[1][2][3]
分󠄁
分+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
分󠄃
分+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

[edit]
分

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

[edit]

From Middle Chinese 分 (MC pjun); compare Mandarin 分 (fēn):

  • Go-on: ふん (fun, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: ふん (fun, Jōyō)
  • Kan’yō-on: ぶ (bu, Jōyō)

From Middle Chinese 分 (MC bjunH); compare Mandarin 分 (fèn):

From native Japanese roots:

Compounds

[edit]
Compounds

Etymology 1

[edit]
Kanji in this term
分
ふん
Grade: 2
on'yomi

/pun/ → /fun/

From Middle Chinese 分 (MC pjun, “a minute”).

Pronunciation

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Counter

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分(ふん) • (-fun) 

  1. minutes (duration)

Noun

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分(ふん) • (fun) 

  1. a minute (unit of time)
  2. a minute (unit of angle)
  3. a unit of weight 1⁄10 of a 匁 (monme, “3.75g”)
Usage notes
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When preceded by a number, the reading changes depending on the phonetic context.

v • d • e
Japanese counter/suffix: 分 (ふん, fun, “minutes”)
NumberKanjiKanaRomaji
1一分いっぷんippun
2二分にふんnifun
3三分さんぷん, さんふんsanpun, sanfun
4四分よんぷん, よんふんyonpun, yonfun
5五分ごふんgofun
6六分ろっぷんroppun
7七分ななふんnanafun
8八分はっぷん, はちふんhappun, hachifun
9九分きゅうふんkyūfun
10十分じっぷん, じゅっぷんjippun, juppun
11十一分じゅういっぷんjūippun
12十二分じゅうにふんjūnifun
13十三分じゅうさんぷん, じゅうさんふんjūsanpun, jūsanfun
20二十分にじっぷん, にじゅっぷんnijippun, nijuppun
21二十一分にじゅういっぷんnijūippun
100百分ひゃっぷんhyappun
1,000千分, 一千分せんぷん, せんふん, いっせんぷん, いっせんふんsenpun, senfun, issenpun, issenfun
10,000一万分いちまんぷん, いちまんふんichimanpun, ichimanfun
100,000,000一億分いちおくふんichiokufun
0０分, 零分ゼロふん, れいふんzerofun, reifun
?何分なんぷん, なんふんnanpun, nanfun
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
分
ぶん
Grade: 2
goon

From Middle Chinese 分 (MC bjunH, “a minute”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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分(ぶん) • (bun) 

  1. a part, a share, a portion
    このケーキは君(きみ)の分(ぶん)だよ。
    Kono kēki wa kimi no bun da yo.
    This piece of cake is your portion.
    一年(いちねん)分(ぶん)のレタス
    ichinen-bun no retasu
    one year's worth of lettuce
  2. social position; (one's) place
    Synonym: 分際 (bunzai)
    分(ぶん)を弁(わきま)える ― bun o wakimaeru ― to know one's place

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
分
ぶ
Grade: 2
kan'yōon

/bun/ → /bu/

Shift from bun above, with influence on the meaning from the Middle Chinese sense tied to original Middle Chinese reading /pɨun/.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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分(ぶ) • (bu) 

  1. (historical, obsolete) unit of currency equal to four 両 (ryō) and to ten 釐 (rin)
  2. a tenth
    ３７(さんじゅうなな)度(ど) ５(ご)分(ぶ) ― sanjūnana-do go-bu ― 37.5 degrees (literally, “37 degrees and 5 tenths”)
  3. how well something is going
  4. thickness
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914), 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 282 (paper), page 191 (digital)
  2. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 208 (paper), page 116 (digital)
  3. ^ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014), “分”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎[1] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese 分 (MC pjun).

Historical readings
Dongguk Jeongun reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 분 (Yale: pwùn)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 ᄂᆞᆫ홀〮 (Yale: nònhwól) 분 (Yale: pwùn)
Historical readings

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

分 (eumhun 나눌 분 (nanul bun))

  1. hanja form? of 분 (“to divide”)
  2. hanja form? of 분 (“to distribute”)
  3. hanja form? of 분 (“to distinguish”)
  4. hanja form? of 분 (“fraction”)
  5. hanja form? of 분 (“minute (unit of time)”)

Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology 2

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From Middle Chinese 分 (MC bjunH).

Historical readings
Dongguk Jeongun reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 뿐〮 (Yale: ppwún)
Early Modern Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Juhae Cheonjamun, 1804 분수 (bunsu) 분 (bun)
Historical readings

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pu(ː)n]
  • Phonetic hangul: [분(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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分 (eumhun 분수(分數) 분 (bunsu bun))

  1. hanja form? of 분 (“part; portion”)
  2. hanja form? of 분 (“component”)
  3. hanja form? of 분 (“status; standing”)
  4. hanja form? of 분 (“mutual affection”)
  5. hanja form? of 분 (“duty; responsibility”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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分: Hán Việt readings: phân[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], phận[1][2][3][5][6][7][8][9], phần[1][2][5][7][8][9], phiện[7][8][9]
分: Nôm readings: phân[1], phen[1], phơn[4]

  1. chữ Hán form of phân
    1. inch (unit of length)
    2. (historical) an ancient unit of length, equal to 1⁄100 of a thước
    3. (historical) an ancient unit of weight, equal to 1⁄100 of a lạng and approximately 0.378 g
    4. to divide (among, between)
    5. to distribute; to allocate
  2. chữ Hán form of phần (“part; portion; ration”)
  3. chữ Hán form of phận (“(literary) a role (the expected behavior of an individual in a society)”)
  4. chữ Nôm form of phân (“(formal or euphemistic) stool; faeces; excrement”)

Compounds

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Takeuchi (1988).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Hồ (1976).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Thiều Chửu (1942).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Bonet (1899).
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Génibrel (1898).
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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