錢

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See also: 钱 and 銭
錢 U+9322, 錢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9322
← 錡
[U+9321] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 錣 →
[U+9323]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional 錢
Shinjitai 銭
Simplified 钱

Han character[edit]

錢 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 金戈戈 (CII), four-corner 83153, composition ⿰釒戔)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1311, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40563
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1812, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4217, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+9322

Chinese[edit]

trad. 錢
simp. 钱
alternative forms 銭

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (戔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
殘 *zlaːn, *zaːns
戔 *zlaːn
帴 *zlaːn, *saːns, *ʔslenʔ, *ʔsleːn, *sreːd
虥 *zreːn, *zreːn, *zreːnʔ, *zraːns
盞 *ʔsreːnʔ
醆 *ʔsreːnʔ, *ʔljenʔ
琖 *ʔsreːnʔ
剗 *sʰreːnʔ
棧 *zreːnʔ, *zraːns, *zrenʔ
輚 *zreːnʔ, *zraːns
嶘 *zreːnʔ
錢 *ʔslenʔ, *zlen
俴 *ʔslenʔ, *zlenʔ
籛 *ʔslenʔ, *ʔslens, *ʔsleːn
淺 *sʰlenʔ, *ʔsleːn
濺 *ʔsens, *ʔseːn
踐 *zlenʔ
諓 *zlenʔ, *zlens
餞 *zlenʔ, *zlens
賤 *zlens
綫 *slens
箋 *ʔsleːn
牋 *ʔsleːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔslenʔ, *zlen): semantic 金 (“metal; gold; money”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn).

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • chîⁿ - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • chiân/chên - literary;
  • chhiân - limited (e.g. in 一錢，二緣，三媠，四少年).
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 錢
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰian³⁵/
    Harbin /t͡ɕʰian²⁴/
    Tianjin /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁵/
    Jinan /t͡ɕʰiã⁴²/
    Qingdao /t͡sʰiã⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /t͡sʰian⁴²/
    Xi'an /t͡ɕʰiã²⁴/
    Xining /t͡ɕʰiã²⁴/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰian⁵³/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃n⁵³/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰian⁵¹/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹³/
    Chengdu /t͡ɕʰian³¹/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕʰian²¹/
    Kunming /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃³¹/
    Nanjing /t͡sʰien²⁴/
    Hefei /t͡ɕʰiĩ⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰie¹¹/
    Pingyao /t͡ɕʰie̞¹³/
    /t͡ɕie̞¹³/
    Hohhot /t͡ɕʰie³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ʑi²³/
    Suzhou /ziɪ¹³/
    Hangzhou /d͡ʑiẽ̞²¹³/
    Wenzhou /d͡ʑi³¹/
    Hui Shexian /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /t͡sʰiɛ⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡siẽ¹³/
    Xiangtan /d͡ziẽ¹²/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɛn²⁴/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰien¹¹/
    Taoyuan /t͡sʰien¹¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰin²¹/
    Nanning /t͡sʰin²¹/
    Hong Kong /t͡sʰin²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sian³⁵/
    /t͡sĩ³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sieŋ⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡siŋ³³/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sĩ⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /t͡si³¹/
    Rime
    Character 錢
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 從 (15)
    Final (韻) 仙 (77)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 昨仙切
    Baxter dzjen
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/d͡ziᴇn/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/d͡ziɛn/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/d͡zjæn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/d͡zian/
    Li
    Rong         		/d͡ziɛn/
    Wang
    Li         		/d͡zĭɛn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/d͡zʱi̯ɛn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		qián
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		cin4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 錢
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		qián
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ dzjen ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*N-ts[a][n]/
    English coin, money

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 錢
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 6003
    Phonetic
    component         		戔
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		錢
    Old
    Chinese         		/*zlen/

    Definitions[edit]

    錢

    1. money; cash
      我沒有錢。／我没有钱。  ―  Wǒ méiyǒu qián.  ―  I don't have money.
    2. currency; coins
      古錢／古钱  ―  gǔ qián  ―  ancient coin
      銅錢／铜钱  ―  tóngqián  ―  copper (coin)
    3. cost; fund; expense
      多少錢？／多少钱？  ―  Duōshao qián?  ―  How much does it cost?
      偌濟錢？／偌济钱？ [Hokkien]  ―  Gōa chē chîⁿ? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  How much does it cost?
      車錢／车钱  ―  chēqián  ―  transport cost
    4. coin-shaped object
      榆錢／榆钱  ―  yúqián  ―  fruit of an elm tree
    5. mace (unit of weight equivalent to one tenth of a 兩／两 (liǎng, “tael”) and equal to ten 分 (fēn, “candareen”))
    6. a surname. Qian, listed second in the Baijiaxing & the dynasty of the kings of Wuyue
      錢穆／钱穆  ―  Qián Mù  ―  Chien Mu (Chinese historian)
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 錢 (“money”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 錢, 幣
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 錢, 鈔, 金錢, 錢財
    Mandarin Beijing 錢, 錢兒
    Taiwan 錢
    Tianjin 錢
    Yantai (Muping) 錢
    Jinan 錢, 票子
    Luoyang 錢兒, 金錢, 錢財
    Wanrong 錢
    Xi'an 錢, 尕
    Lanzhou 尕
    Xining 錢
    Ürümqi 麻卡爾
    Wuhan 錢, 角子
    Chengdu 錢, 數數
    Kunming 錢兒
    Guilin 錢
    Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 錢
    Yangzhou 錢, 鈔票
    Nanjing 鈔票
    Hefei 錢
    Malaysia 錢
    Singapore 錢
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 錢
    Cantonese Guangzhou 錢, 銀, 銀紙, 水
    Hong Kong 錢, 銀, 銀紙, 水
    Macau 錢
    Taishan 錢, 銀, 銀紙, 鐳
    Taishan (Guanghai) 錢
    Yangjiang 錢
    Beihai 銀紙
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 錢
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 錢
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 錢
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 鐳
    Singapore (Guangfu) 鐳, 錢
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 錢, 鐳, tiền
    Móng Cái 錢, tiền
    Mandalay (Taishan) 錢, 鐳
    Gan Nanchang 錢
    Lichuan 錢
    Pingxiang 錢
    Hakka Meixian 錢
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 水, 沙水, 沙
    Changting 錢
    Wuping 錢
    Liancheng 錢
    Ninghua 錢
    Yudu 錢
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 錢
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 錢
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 錢
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 錢
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 錢
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 錢
    Kuching (Hepo) 鐳
    Huizhou Jixi 鈔票, 洋錢
    Jin Taiyuan 錢
    Min Bei Jian'ou 錢
    Songxi 錢
    Zhenghe 錢
    Jianyang 錢
    Wuyishan 錢
    Min Dong Fuzhou 錢
    Changle 錢
    Lianjiang 錢
    Fuqing 錢
    Pingtan 錢
    Yongtai 錢
    Minqing 錢
    Gutian 錢
    Pingnan 錢
    Luoyuan 錢
    Fu'an 錢
    Ningde 錢
    Xiapu 錢
    Zherong 錢
    Shouning 錢
    Zhouning 錢
    Fuding 錢
    Singapore (Fuqing) 錢
    Min Nan Xiamen 錢, 鐳, 銀紙, 錢銀, 銀兩
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 錢, 鐳
    Quanzhou 錢, 鐳, 銀紙, 錢銀, 銀兩
    Jinjiang 錢
    Nan'an 錢
    Shishi 錢
    Hui'an 錢
    Anxi 錢
    Yongchun 錢
    Dehua 錢
    Zhangzhou 錢, 鐳, 阿字仔, 錢銀, 銀兩
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 錢
    Zhangzhou (Changtai) 錢
    Hua'an 鐳
    Nanjing 鐳, 銀
    Pinghe 錢
    Zhangpu 錢
    Yunxiao 鐳
    Zhao'an 錢, 鐳
    Dongshan 錢, 鐳
    Taipei 錢
    Kinmen 錢
    Penang (Hokkien) 鐳, 錢, 銀
    Singapore (Hokkien) 鐳, 錢
    Manila (Hokkien) 錢
    Longyan 錢
    Zhangping 鐳
    Datian 錢
    Guilin (Biyange) 錢
    Chaozhou 鐳, 銀
    Shantou 錢, 銀
    Shantou (Chenghai) 鐳, 銀
    Jieyang 鐳, 銀
    Haifeng 錢
    Phnom Penh (Teochew) 鐳
    Singapore (Teochew) 鐳, 錢
    Batam (Teochew) 鐳, 錢
    Pontianak (Teochew) 鐳
    Leizhou 錢
    Wenchang 錢
    Singapore (Hainanese) 錢
    Puxian Min Putian 錢
    Xianyou 錢
    Min Zhong Yong'an 錢
    Sanyuan 錢
    Shaxian 錢
    Yanping (Wangtai) 錢
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 錢
    Wu Shanghai 鈔票, 銅鈿, 洋鈿, 銅鈿銀子, 老洋, 板板, 血 figuratively, 分 slang, 米 slang
    Shanghai (Chongming) 鈔票, 銅鈿
    Suzhou 鈔票, 銅鈿, 票子
    Wuxi 鈔票, 銅錢
    Danyang 銅錢, 銅, 洋錢, 錢, 鈔票
    Hangzhou 鈔票, 銅鈿, 洋鈿, 銅鈿銀子, 農年, 牙
    Ningbo 銅鈿, 洋鈿, 銅鈿銀子, 銅鋃銀子, 鈿
    Wenzhou 鈔票, 銅鈿, 番錢, 銅鈿銀, 銅鈿板, 銅板, 板
    Jinhua 鈔票, 洋鈿, 鈿, 銅鈿, 銅鈿銀子
    Xiang Changsha 錢
    Shuangfeng 錢

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (錢):
    • → Japanese: 銭(せん) (sen, “mace”)
    • → Korean: 전(錢) (jeon, “mace”)
    • → Vietnamese: tiền (錢, “money”)

    Others:

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Rime
    Character 錢
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 精 (13)
    Final (韻) 仙 (77)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 即淺切
    Baxter tsjenX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡siᴇnX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/t͡siɛnX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡sjænX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/t͡sianX/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡siɛnX/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡sĭɛnX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/t͡si̯ɛnX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiǎn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zin2
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 錢
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 5996
    Phonetic
    component         		戔
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		翦
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ʔslenʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    錢

    1. † a kind of farm tool

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai

    		銭

    Kyūjitai

    		錢

    Kanji[edit]

    錢

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 銭)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    錢 (eumhun 돈 전 (don jeon))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    錢: Hán Việt readings: tiền[1][2][3]
    錢: Nôm readings: tiền[1]

    1. chữ Hán form of tiền (“money”).

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ^ Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    3. ^ Trần (2004).
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