金

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See also: 全

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
金-order.gif

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pictogram (象形) – a bell (cast metal) with bumps.

Also simplified from 缶 in some characters, such as 鉢 (from 缽).

金 金 金 金
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script

Han character[edit]

Gold bullion 2.jpg
Commons-logo.svg
See images of
Radical 167 金

金 (radical 167 金+0, 8 strokes, cangjie input 金 (C), four-corner 80109)

  1. gold (Au)
  2. metal or metals generally
  3. material wealth, such as money or precious gems
  4. the Jurchen Jin dynasty of medieval China

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1295, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40152
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1795, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4167, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+91D1

Chinese[edit]

-
simp. and trad.
 金

Pronunciation[edit]

Middle Chinese pronunciation (金, reconstructed)
Character (金), Pronunciation 1/1

Initial: 見 (28)
Final: 侵
Division: III

Openness: Open
Tone: Level (Ø)

 Fanqie: 居吟切
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 Bernard
Karlgren		 Li
Rong		 Pan
Wuyun		 Edwin
Pulleyblank		 Wang
Li		 Shao
Rongfen
/kiɪm/ /ki̯əm/ /kiəm/ /kim/ /kim/ /kĭĕm/ /kjem/
Old Chinese pronunciation (金, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character Modern Beijing
(Pinyin)		 Middle Chinese Old Chinese English
金 jīn ‹ kim › /*k(r)[ə]m/ metal, bronze

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

  • Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
  • Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
  • Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
  • Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
  • Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character No. Phonetic
component		 Rime
group		 Rime
subdivision		 Corresponding
MC rime		 Old Chinese Notes
金 6679 金 侵 1 金 /*krɯm/ 說文今聲，俞敏依金文非之

Noun[edit]

金

  1. (chemistry) gold, Au
    金的颜色和黄铜很相似。
    jīn de yánsè hé huángtóng hěn xiāngsì
    Gold is similar in color to brass.
  2. metals
    金属 ― metal
    合金 ― alloy
  3. money
    现金 ― cash
    资金 ― funds
    金钱 ― curency

Adjective[edit]

金

  1. golden
    金发 blond
    他被奖励了一块金表。 tā bèi jiǎnglì le yīkuài jīn biǎo.
    He received a golden watch as a prize

Proper noun[edit]

金

  1. A surname​.
  2. Jurchen Jin dynasty 金朝 (1115–1234)
Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

Wikipedia ja

Wikipedia has an article on:

Wikipedia

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

Wikipedia ja

Wikipedia has an article on:

Wikipedia

Kanji[edit]

See also:
金

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. gold
  2. metal

Readings[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

金 (kane, kugane, kogane, kin): Synthetically produced crystalline gold.
金 (kane, kana, kin): Metal in general, such as metal sheeting.
金 (kane, kana, kin): Hot metal work from a blacksmith.

From Old Japanese. Appears to be the older form of this word. In modern Japanese, only found at the start of compounds.

Pronunciation[edit]

Prefix[edit]

金 (hiragana かな, romaji kana-)

  1. metal
  2. money
  3. firmness, strength
  4. completely, entirely
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Etymology 2[edit]

Appears to be a fusion of kana + Old Japanese emphatic nominal particle い (​i). Compare the development of modern kami from kamu + i at 神, te from ta + i at 手, me from ma + i at 目.

/kana/ + /i/ → /*kanai/ → /kane/

The four kanji spellings of this term, 金 (“gold”), 銀 (“silver”), 銅 (“copper”), and 鉄 (“iron”), hint at the importance of each of these four metals in ancient Japan.

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

金 (hiragana かね, romaji kane)

  1. money
    ⇒ お金 (​okane)
  2. metal
Usage notes[edit]

The 金 spelling is the most common for this term.

Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Etymology 3[edit]

Compound of 黄 (ku, “yellow”) +‎ 金 (kane, “metal”). The ku is a variation of regular kun'yomi of ki for the 黄 character.[2] The kane changes to gane due to rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

金 (hiragana くがね, romaji kugane)

  1. (archaic) gold

Etymology 4[edit]

Alteration of kugane[2], possibly influenced by metaphor from 小金 (kogane, “a small amount of money”), or by the kan'on reading of kō for the 黄 character.

/kugane/ → /kogane/

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

金 (hiragana こがね, romaji kogane)

  1. gold
  2. gold or metal currency: coins, such as 大判 (ōban) or 小判 (koban)
  3. short for 黄金色 (kogane iro, “gold”, the color)
  4. short for 黄金の泥 (kogane no dei, “golden mud”, gold dust suspended in an emulsion and used for painting or other decoration)
    ⇒ 金泥 (​kondei)
See also[edit]

Etymology 5[edit]

From Middle Chinese 金 (/kim/). Compare modern Mandarin 金 (jīn).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

金 (hiragana きん, romaji kin)

  1. gold (Au)
  2. money
    金 (きん)一封 (いっぷう)をもらった。
    Kin ippū o moratta.
    I received a gift of money.
  3. metal
  4. (shogi) short for 金将 (kinsho, “the gold general”, a shogi piece)
Usage notes[edit]

Often found in compounds.

Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
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References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

金 (gim, geum)
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul): 김, 금 (revised: gim, geum, McCune-Reischauer: kim, kŭm, Yale: kim, kum)
  • Name (hangeul): 성, 쇠 (revised: seong, soe, McCune-Reischauer: sŏng, soe, Yale: seng, soy)
  1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Noun[edit]

金 (geum) (hangeul 금)

  1. gold
  2. (as an abbreviation) Friday

Compounds[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

金 (Gim) (hangeul 김)

  1. A surname​.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

金 (kim, ghim, găm)

  1. Ancient word for brass
  2. gold (Au)
  3. money, currency
  4. The color yellow
  5. The Kim (Jin) dynasty (1115 - 1234)
  6. A surname
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