kim
Afrikaans[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Dutch kim, from Middle Dutch kimme.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
kim (plural kimme)
Ainu[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
kim (Kana spelling キム)
Derived terms[edit]
- kimpe (“bear”)
Descendants[edit]
- Western Old Japanese: [script needed] (kî)
References[edit]
- Bugaeva, Anna. Handbook of the Ainu Language, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501502859
Azerbaijani[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”).[1] Cognate with Turkish kim, Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kem, “who”), etc.
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
kim (definite accusative kimi, plural kimlər)
Declension[edit]
Declension of kim | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | kim |
kimlər | ||||||
definite accusative | kimi |
kimləri | ||||||
dative | kimə |
kimlərə | ||||||
locative | kimdə |
kimlərdə | ||||||
ablative | kimdən |
kimlərdən | ||||||
definite genitive | kimin |
kimlərin |
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
English | Azerbaijani |
---|---|
what | nə, nəmənə (South Azerbaijani) |
who | kim |
which | hansı |
which (in a numbered series) | neçənci |
who (by occupation) | nəçi |
who (by origin) | haralı |
where (which place) | hara |
where (at which place) | harada |
whither (to which place) | hara, haraya |
whence (from which place) | haradan |
when | nə vaxt, nə zaman, haçan, havaxt (colloquial) |
why | niyə, nə üçün, neyçün |
how | necə, nətər |
how much | nə qədər |
how many | neçə |
References[edit]
- ^ Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*kem, *Ka-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Crimean Tatar[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”).
Pronoun[edit]
kim
Declension[edit]
nominative | kim |
---|---|
genitive | kimniñ |
dative | kimge |
accusative | kimni |
locative | kimde |
ablative | kimden |
References[edit]
- Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary][1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN
Danish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
kim c or n (singular definite kimen or kimet, plural indefinite kim, plural definite kimene)
Dutch[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Dutch kimme. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
kim f (plural kimmen, diminutive kimmetje n)
Synonyms[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Eskayan[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
kim
Hungarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
ki (“who”) + -m (“my, of mine”, possessive suffix)
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
kim
- first-person singular single-possession possessive of ki
- Kim vagy te nekem? - Én nem Kim vagyok, hanem a bácsikád. ― Who of mine are you? - I'm not Kim but your uncle.
Declension[edit]
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | kim | — |
accusative | kimet | — |
dative | kimnek | — |
instrumental | kimmel | — |
causal-final | kimért | — |
translative | kimmé | — |
terminative | kimig | — |
essive-formal | kimként | — |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | kimben | — |
superessive | kimen | — |
adessive | kimnél | — |
illative | kimbe | — |
sublative | kimre | — |
allative | kimhez | — |
elative | kimből | — |
delative | kimről | — |
ablative | kimtől | — |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
kimé | — |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
kiméi | — |
Karaim[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”). Relate to Crimean Tatar kim ,Karachay-Balkar ким (kim) ,Kumyk ким (kim) , Urum ким (kim) ,Tofa ӄум (qum), Tuvan кым (kım), etc.
Pronoun[edit]
kim
References[edit]
Khalaj[edit]
Perso-Arabic | کیم |
---|
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
kim
Derivated terms[edit]
- hêç kim (“nobody, no none, anybody”)
References[edit]
- Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
Livonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic *kümmen. Akin to Finnish kymmenen.
Numeral[edit]
kim
Usage notes[edit]
In names of tens kim takes on the form kimdõ – declension type 118 – sieldõ. In vīžkimdõ both compound components are declineable, e.g., in genitive vīdkimdõ.
Declension[edit]
singular (ikšlug) | plural (pǟgiņlug) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (nominatīv) | kim | kimmõd |
genitive (genitīv) | kim | kimmõd |
partitive (partitīv) | kimmõ | kimmidi |
dative (datīv) | kimmõn | kimmõdõn |
instrumental (instrumentāl) | kimmõks | kimmõdõks |
illative (illatīv) | kimmõ | kimmiž |
inessive (inesīv) | kims kimsõ |
kimmis |
elative (elatīv) | kimst kimstõ |
kimmist |
Related terms[edit]
See also[edit]
- Livonian cardinals (1–11):
Lower Sorbian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
kim
- instrumental of chto
- locative of chto
Min Nan[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of kim – see 金 (“copper; metal; etc.”). (This character, kim, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 金.) |
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Noun[edit]
kim m (definite singular kimen, indefinite plural kimar, definite plural kimane)
- Alternative form of kime
Polish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
kim
- instrumental of kto
- locative of kto
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Borrowed from German Kümmel, from Latin cuminum, from Ancient Greek κύμινον (kúminon).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
kȉm m (Cyrillic spelling ки̏м)
Declension[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
kȋm (Cyrillic spelling ки̑м)
- (with) whom (instrumental)
Declension[edit]
Turkish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Ottoman Turkish كیم (kim, “who”), from Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kem, “who”), Karakhanid كِمْ (kim, “who”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
kim
Declension[edit]
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | kim | |
Definite accusative | kimi | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | kim | kimler |
Definite accusative | kimi | kimleri |
Dative | kime | kimlere |
Locative | kimde | kimlerde |
Ablative | kimden | kimlerden |
Genitive | kimin | kimlerin |
Derived terms[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [kim˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [kim˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [kim˧˧]
Audio (Hà Nội) (file)
Etymology 1[edit]
Sino-Vietnamese word from 金 (“metal; gold”).
This reading is irregular, the expected reading would be *câm; cf. cấm < 禁 (MC kimH), cầm < 琴 (MC gim). ⟨-im⟩ is a very rare rime in Sino-Vietnamese proper, with this and the homophonous kim < 今 (MC kim) being the only examples.
It is possible that the usage of kim as the Sino-Vietnamese reading for 金 (MC kim) and 今 (MC kim) was to avoid homophony with câm (“mute”), although it is difficult to be sure. The much less common 衿 (MC kim) (that basically has no usage in Vietnamese) is considered to have the expected reading câm.
Also possibly compare Korean 금 (geum) and 김 (gim), the former is the expected Sino-Korean reading of 金 (MC kim) while the latter found chiefly as a surname.
Noun[edit]
kim
- (rare, only in compounds) metal
- Metal, one of the Wu Xing
- Thổ sinh kim. Kim sinh thuỷ.
Hoả khắc kim. Kim khắc mộc.- Earth bears Metal. Metal enriches Water.
Fire melts Metal. Metal chops Wood.
- Earth bears Metal. Metal enriches Water.
Derived terms[edit]
- Kim
- á kim
- giả kim
- giả kim thuật
- hoàng kim
- hợp kim
- kim cương
- kim khí
- kim loại
- Kim tinh
- luyện kim
- nhà giả kim (“alchemist”)
- phi kim
- thuật giả kim (“alchemy”)
See also[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From Proto-Vietic *kiːm. Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 針 (“needle”, SV: châm).
Noun[edit]
(classifier cây) kim
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
Volapük[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
kim
- who (nominative)
Inflection[edit]
White Hmong[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle Chinese 貴 (kʉiH, “expensive”)
Adjective[edit]
kim
See also[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From Mandarin 跪 (guì) ("to kneel").
Verb[edit]
kim
- to kneel on one knee
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Afrikaans terms with IPA pronunciation
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans nouns
- Ainu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ainu lemmas
- Ainu nouns
- Azerbaijani terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms with IPA pronunciation
- Azerbaijani terms with audio links
- Azerbaijani lemmas
- Azerbaijani pronouns
- Crimean Tatar terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Crimean Tatar terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Crimean Tatar lemmas
- Crimean Tatar pronouns
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- Danish neuter nouns
- Danish nouns with multiple genders
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɪm
- Dutch terms with homophones
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch feminine nouns
- Eskayan lemmas
- Eskayan pronouns
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian non-lemma forms
- Hungarian pronoun forms
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Hungarian three-letter words
- Karaim terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Karaim terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Karaim lemmas
- Karaim pronouns
- Khalaj terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Khalaj terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Khalaj terms with IPA pronunciation
- Khalaj lemmas
- Khalaj pronouns
- Livonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Livonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Livonian lemmas
- Livonian numerals
- Livonian cardinal numbers
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lower Sorbian non-lemma forms
- Lower Sorbian pronoun forms
- Chinese lemmas
- Min Nan lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Min Nan nouns
- Chinese adjectives
- Min Nan adjectives
- Chinese proper nouns
- Min Nan proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Min Nan Pe̍h-ōe-jī forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/im
- Rhymes:Polish/im/1 syllable
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish pronoun forms
- Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from German
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from German
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Latin
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- Serbo-Croatian pronouns
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish pronouns
- Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Vietnamese terms with audio links
- Sino-Vietnamese words
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese terms with rare senses
- Vietnamese terms with usage examples
- Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic
- Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic
- Vietnamese terms derived from Chinese
- Vietnamese nouns classified by cây
- vi:Sewing
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük pronouns
- White Hmong terms with IPA pronunciation
- White Hmong terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- White Hmong terms derived from Middle Chinese
- White Hmong lemmas
- White Hmong adjectives
- White Hmong terms borrowed from Mandarin
- White Hmong terms derived from Mandarin
- White Hmong verbs