Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kem
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Proto-Turkic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Derived from the interrogative particle *ka-.
Compare Proto-Uralic *ke (“who”) and Proto-Mongolic *ken (“who”), whence also Mongolian хэн (xen, “who”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronoun
[edit]Declension
[edit]Declension of *kem (pronominal-n declension)
Singular | |
---|---|
Nominative | *kem |
Accusative | *kemni |
Genitive | *kemniŋ |
Dative | *kemke |
Locative | *kemte |
Ablative | *kemden |
Allative 1) | *kemgerü |
Instrumental 1) | *kem bile |
Equative 1) | *kemče |
Similative 1) | {{{10}}} |
Comitative 1) | {{{11}}} |
1) The original allative, instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Similar to Proto-Mongolic *gem (“defect, illness”). [6][7][8][9]
Noun
[edit]*kem
Declension
[edit]Declension of *kem
Singular 3) | |
---|---|
Nominative | *kem |
Accusative | *kemig, *kemni1) |
Genitive | *kemniŋ |
Dative | *kemke |
Locative | *kemde |
Ablative | *kemden |
Allative | *kemgerü |
Instrumental 2) | *kemin |
Equative 2) | *kemče |
Similative 2) | *kemleyü |
Comitative 2) | *kemligü |
1) Originally only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
[edit]- Oghuz:
- Kipchak:
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
- Southern Altai: кем (kem)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
- Karluk:
- ⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (ig-kem)
- Siberian:
References
[edit]- ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kem, *ka-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 720-721
- ^ Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 271
- ^ Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, pages 67-68, 191-192
- ^ Erdal, Marcel (1993) Die Sprache der wolgabolgarischen Inschriften (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 69-70
- ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kem”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)[2], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 720
- ^ Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 250
- ^ Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, pages 34-35