ki

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "ki"

Translingual[edit]

Symbol[edit]

ki

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Kikuyu.

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Hawaiian ki.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ki (countable and uncountable, plural kis)

  1. A plant native to the Pacific islands and China (Cordyline fruticosa); ti.

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

ki (uncountable)

  1. (UK, naval slang) Alternative form of kye (“cocoa”)
    • 1917, The Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, volume 34-35, page 217:
      At sea a special cauldron of 'ki,' prepared by the ship's cook, is sent round action stations in 'fannies' or large pitchers.

Etymology 3[edit]

From dated romanizations of Mandarin 氣／气 (qì) without the k-q merger, or from Japanese 気 (ki), both ultimately from the same Middle Chinese origin.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ki (uncountable)

  1. (philosophy) Alternative form of chi
    • 1983, George A. Kirby, Jujitsu: Basic Techniques of the Gentle Art, page 19:
      If you are calm and relaxed it will be easier for you to accept and use his ki, helping him to reach his goal. In other words, you will redirect his ki or enhance it with your own to bring your attacker down in the direction he was directing his ki.
Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Abenaki[edit]

Noun[edit]

ki

  1. Alternative form of aki

References[edit]

Aimele[edit]

Noun[edit]

ki

  1. bone

Further reading[edit]

  • R. D. Shaw, The Bosavi Language Family (1986), in Papers in New Guinea Linguistics (D. C. Laycock et al., eds.), number 24

Azerbaijani[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Persian که‎ (ke).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ci]
  • (Karabakh) IPA(key): [cin]
  • Audio(file)

Conjunction[edit]

ki

  1. that
    Mən bilirəm ki, bu düzdür.
    I know that this is right.
    O mənə demişdir ki, hər şey yaxşı olacaq. Amma olmadı.
    He told me that everything would be fine. But it wasn't.
  2. to, in order to, so that
    Mən oraya getmişdim ki, lazım olanları alım.
    I went there to buy whatever was needed.
    Onlar onu evə göndərdilər ki, heç kim onu görməsin.
    They sent him home so that nobody would see him.

Bikol Central[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ki, from Proto-Austronesian *ki.

Pronunciation[edit]

Preposition[edit]

ki

  1. (formal, Naga) Used to mark oblique cases of personal nouns
    An kantang ini, para ki papa.
    This song's for (my) father.
    Synonym: kay
  2. (Tabaco–Legazpi–Sorsogon) of (expressing possession)
    Nagkaon ki sira an ikos.
    The cat ate a fish.
    Synonym: nin

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Breton[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Brythonic *ki, from Proto-Celtic *kū, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.

Noun[edit]

ki m (plural chas or kon)

  1. dog
    Ar c'hi zo o kousket amañ.
    The dog is sleeping here.

Derived terms[edit]

Mutation[edit]

  Mutation of ki  
Breton consonant mutation
unmutated soft aspirate hard
singular ki gi c'hi unchanged
plural kon gon c'hon unchanged

Cornish[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Brythonic *ki, from Proto-Celtic *kū, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ki m (plural keun)

  1. dog

Derived terms[edit]

Mutation[edit]

  Mutation of ki  
Cornish consonant mutation
unmutated soft aspirate hard mixed mixed after 'th
ki gi hi unchanged unchanged unchanged

Dena'ina[edit]

Adverb[edit]

ki

  1. again, too, more
  2. furthermore, moreover

Eastern Ojibwa[edit]

Etymology[edit]

cf. Ojibwe aki

Noun[edit]

ki inan

  1. earth

References[edit]

Jerry Randolph Valentine (2001) Nishnaabemwin Reference Grammar, University of Toronto, page 177

Fijian[edit]

Preposition[edit]

ki

  1. to, for, towards (used for common nouns and names of places)
  2. at (used for locations)

Finnish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Internationalism (compare English chi), ultimately from Mandarin 氣／气 (qì).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈki(ː)/, [ˈk̟i(ː)]
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Syllabification(key): ki

Noun[edit]

ki

  1. chi, qi (life force in Chinese medicine)

Declension[edit]

When pronounced /kiː/:

Inflection of ki (Kotus type 18/maa, no gradation)
nominative ki kit
genitive kin kiden
kitten
partitive kitä kitä
illative kiin kihin
singular plural
nominative ki kit
accusative nom. ki kit
gen. kin
genitive kin kiden
kitten
partitive kitä kitä
inessive kissä kissä
elative kistä kistä
illative kiin kihin
adessive killä killä
ablative kiltä kiltä
allative kille kille
essive kinä kinä
translative kiksi kiksi
instructive — kin
abessive kittä kittä
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of ki (type maa)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kini kini
accusative nom. kini kini
gen. kini
genitive kini kideni
kitteni
partitive kitäni kitäni
inessive kissäni kissäni
elative kistäni kistäni
illative kiini kihini
adessive killäni killäni
ablative kiltäni kiltäni
allative killeni killeni
essive kinäni kinäni
translative kikseni kikseni
instructive — —
abessive kittäni kittäni
comitative — kineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kisi kisi
accusative nom. kisi kisi
gen. kisi
genitive kisi kidesi
kittesi
partitive kitäsi kitäsi
inessive kissäsi kissäsi
elative kistäsi kistäsi
illative kiisi kihisi
adessive killäsi killäsi
ablative kiltäsi kiltäsi
allative killesi killesi
essive kinäsi kinäsi
translative kiksesi kiksesi
instructive — —
abessive kittäsi kittäsi
comitative — kinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kimme kimme
accusative nom. kimme kimme
gen. kimme
genitive kimme kidemme
kittemme
partitive kitämme kitämme
inessive kissämme kissämme
elative kistämme kistämme
illative kiimme kihimme
adessive killämme killämme
ablative kiltämme kiltämme
allative killemme killemme
essive kinämme kinämme
translative kiksemme kiksemme
instructive — —
abessive kittämme kittämme
comitative — kinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kinne kinne
accusative nom. kinne kinne
gen. kinne
genitive kinne kidenne
kittenne
partitive kitänne kitänne
inessive kissänne kissänne
elative kistänne kistänne
illative kiinne kihinne
adessive killänne killänne
ablative kiltänne kiltänne
allative killenne killenne
essive kinänne kinänne
translative kiksenne kiksenne
instructive — —
abessive kittänne kittänne
comitative — kinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative kinsä kinsä
accusative nom. kinsä kinsä
gen. kinsä
genitive kinsä kidensä
kittensä
partitive kitään
kitänsä 		kitään
kitänsä
inessive kissään
kissänsä 		kissään
kissänsä
elative kistään
kistänsä 		kistään
kistänsä
illative kiinsä kihinsä
adessive killään
killänsä 		killään
killänsä
ablative kiltään
kiltänsä 		kiltään
kiltänsä
allative killeen
killensä 		killeen
killensä
essive kinään
kinänsä 		kinään
kinänsä
translative kikseen
kiksensä 		kikseen
kiksensä
instructive — —
abessive kittään
kittänsä 		kittään
kittänsä
comitative — kineen
kinensä

Fula[edit]

Suffix[edit]

ki

  1. Noun class indicator for nouns (singular) including trees and some objects such as knives

Usage notes[edit]

Article[edit]

ki

  1. (definite) the (when it follows the noun)
    Lekki ki ― the tree

Usage notes[edit]

Determiner[edit]

ki

  1. (used in indicating something)
    Ki lekki ― this/that tree

Usage notes[edit]

Guinea-Bissau Creole[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ki

  1. who

Haitian Creole[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From French qui.

Determiner[edit]

ki

  1. what

Pronoun[edit]

ki

  1. (relative) who, which

Usage notes[edit]

Hungarian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Ugric.

Adverb[edit]

ki (comparative kijjebb, superlative legkijjebb)

  1. out, not inside, from the inside, in an outward direction
    Antonym: be
Usage notes[edit]

This term may also be part of the split form of a verb prefixed with ki-, occurring when the main verb does not follow the prefix directly. It can be interpreted only with the related verb form, irrespective of its position in the sentence, e.g. meg tudták volna nézni (“they could have seen it”, from megnéz). For verbs with this prefix, see ki-; for an overview, Appendix:Hungarian verbal prefixes.

Derived terms[edit]
Compound words

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions)
ed suffix who? what? this that he/she
(it)*
case v. pr. c.
nom. – ki mi ez az ő* / -∅
az / -∅		 – –
acc. -t / -ot /
-at / -et / -öt		 kit mit ezt azt őt* / -∅
azt / -∅		 – c1
c2
dat. -nak / -nek kinek minek ennek annak neki neki- c
ins. -val / -vel kivel mivel ezzel/
evvel		 azzal/
avval		 vele c
c-f. -ért kiért miért ezért azért érte – c
tra. -vá / -vé kivé mivé ezzé azzá – – c
ter. -ig – meddig eddig addig – – c
e-f. -ként (kiként) (miként) ekként akként – – c
e-m. -ul / -ül – – – – – – c
ine. -ban / -ben kiben miben ebben abban benne – c
sup. -n/-on/-en/-ön kin min ezen azon rajta (rajta-) c
ade. -nál / -nél kinél minél ennél annál nála – c
ill. -ba / -be kibe mibe ebbe abba bele bele- c
sub. -ra / -re kire mire erre arra rá rá- c
all. -hoz/-hez/-höz kihez mihez ehhez ahhoz hozzá hozzá- c
el. -ból / -ből kiből miből ebből abból belőle – c
del. -ról / -ről kiről miről erről arról róla – c
abl. -tól / -től kitől mitől ettől attól tőle – c
*: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be
construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All »

From Proto-Uralic *ke, the same root from which the Finnish ken and Ter Sami kie are derived.

Pronoun[edit]

ki

  2. (interrogative) who (what person or people; which person or people)
  3. (relative, archaic) Synonym of aki (“who”, the person or people that)
    • 1916, Mihály Babits, Új könyvekre,[1] stanza 2:
      Gondoljatok arra, kit messze rejtek / rejt tőletek, ki ha kóstolja bortok / nem érzi már ízét sem; és ha szóltok / nem érti, s más összhang mit vágya kerget.
      (literally) Think of the one who is hidden from you by a distant hideout, who when tasting your wine will not sense its savor anymore, [who] will not understand when you speak to him, and it’s a different harmony [that] his desire pursues.
  4. (relative, archaic) Synonym of az, aki (“who”, whoever, he/she who, they who)
    ki korán kel, aranyat lel ― the early bird gets the worm (literally, “whoever gets up early finds gold”)
  5. (paired) some (referring to people)
    Ki erre, ki arra szaladt. ― Some ran this way; some, the other way.

ed  Table of Correlatives (cf. H. demonstrative adverbs)
question this that same every-/all no- relative some any else
e/i- a/o- ugyan mind(en)- se(m/n)- a- + qu. vala  akár
bár		 más
who ki ő u mindenki senki aki v a b m
what mi ez az u u minden semmi ami /
amely		 v a b m
which melyik mindegyik
mind		 semelyik
egyik sem		 amelyik v a b m
how hogy(an)
miként		 így úgy u u mindenhogy
mindenhogyan		 sehogy(an)
semmiképpen		 (a)mint
ahogy(an)		 v
v		 a b
a b		 m/m
m/m
what…like
what kind		 milyen
miféle		 ilyen
efféle		 olyan
afféle		 u u mindenféle semmilyen
semmiféle		 amilyen v
v		 a b
a b		 m
m/m
where hol itt ott u u mindenhol
mindenütt		 sehol ahol v a b m
m
from wh. honnan innen onnan u u mindenhonnan sehonnan ahonnan v a b m
to where hova
hová		 ide oda u u mindenhova
mindenhová		 sehova
sehová		 ahova
ahová		 v
v		 a b
a b		 m
m
from
which way		 merről erről arról u u mindenfelől semerről amerről v a b m
which way merre
merrefelé		 erre
errefelé		 arra
arrafelé		 u u mindenfelé semerre amerre v a b m
why miért ezért azért u u mindenért semmiért amiért v a b m
how many hány ennyi annyi u u mind
az összes		 sehány ahány v a b –
how much mennyi semennyi amennyi v a b
wh. extent mennyire ennyire annyira u u (teljesen) semennyire amennyire v a b –
what size mekkora ekkora akkora u u (az egész) semekkora amekkora v a b –
what time mikor ekkor akkor u u mindig soha/sose(m)
sohase(m)		 amikor v a b m
how long
how far		 meddig eddig addig u u (végig)* semeddig ameddig v a b –
*: Mindeddig/-addig mean “up until this/that point” (= egészen eddig/addig).
Csak following relative pronouns expresses “-ever”, e.g. aki csak (“whoever”);
is after “any” pronouns emphasizes “no matter”: akármit is (“no matter what”).
né- (“some”) forms compounds with few words.
Declension[edit]
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative ki kik
accusative kit kiket
dative kinek kiknek
instrumental kivel kikkel
causal-final kiért kikért
translative kivé kikké
terminative kiig kikig
essive-formal kiként kikként
essive-modal — —
inessive kiben kikben
superessive kin kiken
adessive kinél kiknél
illative kibe kikbe
sublative kire kikre
allative kihez kikhez
elative kiből kikből
delative kiről kikről
ablative kitől kiktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		kié kiké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		kiéi kikéi
Possessive forms of ki
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. kim kijeim
2nd person sing. kid kijeid
3rd person sing. kije kijei
1st person plural kink kijeink
2nd person plural kitek kijeitek
3rd person plural kijük kijeik
Derived terms[edit]
Compound words
Expressions

Further reading[edit]

  • (who): ki in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • (out): ki in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

ki

  1. Rōmaji transcription of き
  2. Rōmaji transcription of キ

Javanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Clipping of iki.

Determiner[edit]

ki

  1. (colloquial) this, these

Kabuverdianu[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Portuguese que.

Adverb[edit]

ki

  1. than
  2. that
  3. which

Kristang[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Portuguese que.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ki

  1. (interrogative) what (what thing)
  2. (relative) that; which

Laz[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

ki

  1. Latin spelling of ქი (ki)

Maori[edit]

Particle[edit]

ki

  1. to, toward.

Mauritian Creole[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From French qui.

Pronoun[edit]

ki

  1. (relative) who
  2. (relative) what
Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From French que.

Particle[edit]

ki

  1. than
  2. that

Min Nan[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of ki – see 枝 (“branch; twig; etc.”).
(This character, ki, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 枝.)

Mohawk[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ki

  1. this

Old French[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ki

  1. Alternative spelling of qui
    • 13th century, Unknown, La Vie de Saint Laurent, page 1, column 2, line 16:
      ki trop i prent son tens i pert
      He who spends too much of his time on it suffers as a result
    • circa 1250, Marie de France, Equitan
      m'est une anguisse el quer ferue, ki tut le cors me fet trembler
      Such a pain has pierced my heart, that makes my whole body quiver
    • 10th century, Turold, La Chanson de Roland, page CCLVIII [2]:
      Cil sunt vassal ki les oz ajusterent.
      Great was the courage of the ones who joined these two armies in battle

Papiamentu[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Portuguese quê and Spanish qué.

Pronoun[edit]

ki

  1. what

Phalura[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Postposition[edit]

ki (کیۡ)

  1. as
  2. of
  3. out of
  4. with

References[edit]

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[3], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Etymology 2[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

ki (conjunction, Perso-Arabic spelling کیۡ)

  1. or

References[edit]

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[4], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Etymology 3[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

ki (conjunction, Perso-Arabic spelling کیۡ)

  1. Complementizer preceding extraposed complement clause

References[edit]

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[5], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Polish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish ki, from Proto-Slavic *kъjь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kajas.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ki m sg

  1. (obsolete) what, which kind of (referring to an undetermined set of possible answers)
    Synonyms: jaki, który

Further reading[edit]

  • ki in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ki in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Rapa Nui[edit]

Verb[edit]

ki

  1. say
  2. look

Rohingya[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ki

  1. what

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *kъjь, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos + relative particle *yos.

Pronoun[edit]

ki (Cyrillic spelling ки)

  1. (Kajkavian, relative) which, that, who

Synonyms[edit]

Slovene[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *kъjь, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos + relative particle *yos.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ki

  1. who, which, that (relative)

Inflection[edit]

This pronoun needs an inflection-table template.

Sumerian[edit]

Romanization[edit]

ki

  1. Romanization of 𒆠 (ki)

Swahili[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

ki

  1. it is

Tok Pisin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English key.

Noun[edit]

ki

  1. key

Tokelauan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Polynesian *ki. Cognates include Hawaiian i and Samoan 'i. The sense of the direct object stems from the comparison of a thought's motion to a physical motion.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈki/
  • Hyphenation: ki

Preposition[edit]

ki

  1. towards, to, into, onto
  2. Marks the direct object of some verbs.

References[edit]

  • R. Simona, editor (1986) Tokelau Dictionary‎[6], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 159

Tongan[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Preposition[edit]

ki

  1. to (in the dative sense)

Turkish[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Ottoman Turkish كه‎, from Classical Persian که‎ (ke).

Pronunciation[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

ki

  1. that

Etymology 2[edit]

Reduced form of iki.

Numeral[edit]

ki

  1. two (short form of iki)
    bir-ki-üç-dört
    one-two-three-four

Unami[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Algonquian *ki·ra.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ki

  1. you (second person singular)

Vietnamese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From French quille.

Noun[edit]

(classifier con) ki

  1. (bowling) a pin

Etymology 2[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun[edit]

(classifier con) ki

  1. (colloquial, euphemistic) dog (animal)
    ngu như ki ― stupid like a dog

Etymology 3[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun[edit]

(classifier cái) ki

  1. a dustpan
    Synonym: đồ hốt rác

Yoruba[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

kí

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter K.

See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Particle[edit]

kí

  1. (subjunctive) Subjunctive clause particle expressing obligation, wish, or permission.
Usage notes[edit]

Similar to the negation particles kì and kò, the first-person singular pronoun mo changes to n after this particle.

Etymology 3[edit]

Verb[edit]

kí

  1. (transitive) to greet, to say hello
  2. (transitive) to visit

Etymology 4[edit]

Verb[edit]

kì

  1. (transitive) to deliver a eulogy for someone
  2. (transitive) to sing the praises of someone
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 5[edit]

Verb[edit]

ki

  1. (transitive) to load
  2. (transitive) to compress (powdered material) into a container

Etymology 6[edit]

Verb[edit]

ki

  1. (intransitive) to be viscous
  2. to be thick (relating to stew or soup)
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 7[edit]

Particle[edit]

kì

  1. Alternative form of kò (“not”) (used before í)

Zou[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Ki (1).

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *kii, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ki. Cognates include Khumi Chin täki.

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kí

  1. horn

Etymology 2[edit]

Ki (2).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kí

  1. parrot

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

kì

  1. scared
  2. disgusted

References[edit]

  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 63
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