kind

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See also: Kind and -kind

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has articles on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation[edit]

  • enPR: kīnd, IPA(key): /kaɪnd/
  • Audio (US)
    		(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɪnd

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English kynde, kunde, cunde, icunde, from Old English cynd (“generation, kind, nature, race”), ġecynd, from Proto-Germanic *kundiz, *gakundiz, related to *kunją. Cognate with Icelandic kind (“race, species, kind”). See also kin.

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

kind (plural kinds)

  1. A type, race or category; a group of entities that have common characteristics such that they may be grouped together.
    What kind of a person are you?
    This is a strange kind of tobacco.
  2. A makeshift or otherwise atypical specimen.
    The opening served as a kind of window.
    • 1884, Mark Twain, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Chapter VIII
      I got my traps out of the canoe and made me a nice camp in the thick woods. I made a kind of a tent out of my blankets to put my things under so the rain couldn't get at them.
  3. (archaic) One's inherent nature; character, natural disposition.
    • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter vij, in Le Morte Darthur, book III:
      And whan he cam ageyne he sayd / O my whyte herte / me repenteth that thow art dede / […] / and thy deth shalle be dere bought and I lyue / and anone he wente in to his chamber and armed hym / and came oute fyersly / & there mette he with syr gauayne / why haue ye slayne my houndes said syr gauayn / for they dyd but their kynde
  4. (archaic) Family, lineage.
  5. (archaic) Manner.
  7. Goods or services used as payment, as e.g. in barter.
    • 1691, John Dryden, Prologue to King Arthur
      Some of you, on pure instinct of nature, / Are led by kind t'admire your fellow-creature.
  8. Equivalent means used as response to an action.
    I'll pay in kind for his insult.
  9. (Christianity) Each of the two elements of the communion service, bread and wine.
Usage notes[edit]

In sense “goods or services” or “equivalent means”, used almost exclusively with “in” in expression in kind.

Synonyms[edit]
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(1) and/or (2)

Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle English kinde, kunde, kende, from Old English cynde, ġecynde (“innate, natural, native”), from Old English cynd, ġecynd (“nature, kind”).

Alternative forms[edit]

Adjective[edit]

kind (comparative kinder, superlative kindest)

  1. Having a benevolent, courteous, friendly, generous, gentle, liberal, sympathetic, or warm-hearted nature or disposition, marked by consideration for – and service to – others.
  2. Affectionate.
    a kind man; a kind heart
  3. Favorable.
  4. Mild, gentle, forgiving
    The years have been kind to Richard Gere; he ages well.
  5. Gentle; tractable; easily governed.
    a horse kind in harness
  6. (obsolete) Characteristic of the species; belonging to one's nature; natural; native.
    • c. 1385, William Langland, Piers Plowman, I:
      Ȝet haue I no kynde knowing quod I · ȝet mote ȝe kenne me better.
    • 1601, Philemon Holland, The Historie of the World, commonly called the Naturall Historie (originally by Pliny the Elder)
      it becommeth sweeter than it should be, and loseth the kind tast.
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Chaucer to this entry?)
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
terms derived from kind (adjective)
Translations[edit]
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Afrikaans[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Dutch kind, from Middle Dutch kint, from Old Dutch kint, from Proto-Germanic *kindą (“offspring”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁tóm.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kind (plural kinders)

  1. child

Anagrams[edit]

Danish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse kinn, from Proto-Germanic *kinnuz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénu- (“cheek”). Compare Swedish kind, Norwegian and Icelandic kinn, Low German and German Kinn, Dutch kin, English chin.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kind c (singular definite kinden, plural indefinite kinder)

  1. cheek

Inflection[edit]

Declension of kind
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kind kinden kinder kinderne
genitive kinds kindens kinders kindernes

Dutch[edit]

Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Dutch kint, from Old Dutch kint, from Proto-West Germanic *kind (“offspring”), from Proto-Germanic *kindą (“offspring”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁tóm (“that which is produced, that which is given birth to”), related to *ǵn̥h₁tós (“produced, given birth”), from *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, to give birth”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kind n (plural kinderen or kinders, diminutive kindje n or kindertje n or kindeken n or kindelijn n)

  1. child, kid, non-adult human
    Lieve kinderen, wij missen jullie. (typical paedagogical window message during COVID-19 measures)
    Dear children, we miss you.
  2. descendant, still a minor or irrespective of age
    In sommige patriarchale tradities blijven kinderen levenslang onvoorwaardelijk onderworpen aan het vaderlijk gezag, zoals aanvankelijk in het Oude Rome, in andere houdt een zoon op kind te zijn door zijn eigen gezin te stichten
    In certain patriarchal traditions, children remain subject to unconditional paternal authority for life, as originally in Ancient Rome, in other ones a son ceases to be a child by founding his own family
    Synonyms: afstammeling, telg
  3. (figuratively) product of influence, breeding etc.

Usage notes[edit]

  • The normal plural is kinderen. The form kinders is heard colloquially, often also humorously.
  • In compounds, the word can take the form kinder- or kind- as a tail. The former is used more often, however.
  • The dimunitive kindelijn is now archaic, but can still be found in some fossilized songs and religious texts.

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Afrikaans: kind

Icelandic[edit]

Icelandic Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia is

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse kind, from Proto-Germanic *kinþiz, cognate with Latin gēns (“clan, tribe”). The sense of “sheep” is derived from the compound sauðkind, literally “sheep-kind”.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kind f

  1. (obsolete) race, kind, kin
  2. a sheep (especially a ewe)
  3. (dated) used as a term of disparagement for a girl (or woman)

Declension[edit]

declension of kind
f-s3 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kind kindin kindur kindurnar
accusative kind kindina kindur kindurnar
dative kind kindinni kindum kindunum
genitive kindar kindarinnar kinda kindanna

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse kind f, from Proto-Germanic *kinþiz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis. Akin to English kind.

Noun[edit]

kind m (definite singular kinden, indefinite plural kindar, definite plural kindane)
kind n (definite singular kindet, indefinite plural kind, definite plural kinda)

  1. a child in a cradle

References[edit]

Old Norse[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *kinþiz. Compare Latin gēns (“clan, tribe”).

Noun[edit]

kind f (genitive kindar, plural kindir or kindr)

  1. race, kind, kin
  2. creature, being

Declension[edit]

  Declension of kind (strong i-stem)
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kind kindin kindir, kindr kindirnar, kindrnar
accusative kind kindina kindir, kindr kindirnar, kindrnar
dative kind kindinni kindum kindunum
genitive kindar kindarinnar kinda kindanna

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • kind in Geir T. Zoëga, A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1910

Old Saxon[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *kind (“child”).

Noun[edit]

kind n

  1. child

Declension[edit]

Declension of kind (neuter a-stem)
singular plural
nominative kind kind
accusative kind kind
genitive kindes kindō
dative kinde kindun
instrumental — —


Declension of kind (z-stem)
singular plural
nominative kind kindiru
accusative kind kindiru
genitive kindes kindirō
dative kinde kindirum
instrumental — —


Descendants[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse kinn, from Proto-Germanic *kinnuz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénu- (“cheek”). Compare Danish kind, Norwegian and Icelandic kinn, German Kinn, Dutch kin, English chin.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kind c

  1. (anatomy) cheek; a part of the face.

Declension[edit]

Declension of kind 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative kind kinden kinder kinderna
Genitive kinds kindens kinders kindernas

Zealandic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Dutch kint

Noun[edit]

kind n (plural kinders)

  1. child
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