kyn

See also: KYN and Kýn

Translingual

Etymology

Abbreviation of English Karolanos with y as a placeholder.

Symbol

kyn

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Karolanos.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Karolanos terms

Atong (India)

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kyn

1. the back

References

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse kyn, from Proto-Germanic *kunją, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to produce”). Cognate with Icelandic kyn, Swedish kön, Danish køn, Norwegian kjønn, English kin, Dutch kunne.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tʃʰiːn]

Noun

kyn n (genitive singular kyns, plural kyn)

1. lineage, family
2. gender, sex
3. nature
4. (grammar) gender

Declension

n22	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kyn	kynið	kyn	kynini
accusative	kyn	kynið	kyn	kynini
dative	kyni	kyninum	kynjum, kynum	kynjunum, kynunum
genitive	kyns	kynsins	kynja	kynjanna

Derived terms

sexual orientation

• hinskynd (“heterosexuality”)
• samkynd (“homosexuality”)
• tvíkynd (“bisexuality”)

biological/grammatical gender

• kallkyn (“male sex or gender; masculine (gender)”)
• kvennkyn (“female sex or gender; feminine (gender)”)
• hvørkikyn (“neuter (gender)”)
• samkyn (“common (gender)”)

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse kyn, from Proto-Germanic *kunją, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to produce”). Cognate with Faroese kyn, Danish køn, Norwegian kjønn, Swedish kön, English kin, Dutch kunne, as well as, more distantly, Latin genus (“kind, gender”) (whence English gender).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /cʰɪːn/
• Rhymes: -ɪːn

Noun

kyn n (genitive singular kyns, nominative plural kyn)

1. sex
2. breed, race
3. (grammar) gender

Declension

Declension of kyn (neuter)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kyn	kynið	kyn	kynin
accusative	kyn	kynið	kyn	kynin
dative	kyni	kyninu	kynjum	kynjunum
genitive	kyns	kynsins	kynja	kynjanna

Derived terms

• karlkyn
• kvenkyn
• hvorugkyn
• samkyn

Further reading

• Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989), “kyn”, in Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English cynn, from Proto-West Germanic *kuni, from Proto-Germanic *kunją.

Alternative forms

• kin, kinn, kynn, kynne
• ken (Kent); cun, kun, kunne (Southern, Southwest Midland)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kin/
• IPA^(key): /kɛn/ (especially Kent and East Saxon)
• IPA^(key): /kyn/ (especially Southern and Southwest Midland)

Noun

kyn (uncountable)

1. One's relations or kin:
   1. A family; the set of one's relations.
   2. A nation, tribe, or clan.
   3. One's descendants or offspring.
2. A family relationship; kinship:
   1. Ancestry; one's ancestors.
   2. (rare) A noble bloodline.
3. A kinsman or kinswoman; one of one's kin.
4. (Early Middle English) A class or group.
5. (Early Middle English) A method or means.
6. (rare) Sex, gender.

Related terms

• kynrede
• mankyn

Descendants

• English: kin
• Scots: kin

References

• “kin, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From the pleonastic addition of the plural suffix -en to ky, plural of cow (“cow”), perhaps due to the association of -en with monosyllabic words ending in open syllables such as cow; see schon (“shoes”) for discussion. Berndt instead suggests analogy with oxen, the plural of the semantically related oxe (“ox”).

Alternative forms

• kien, kiin, kyen, kyne
• ken, keen, kein (East Saxon, Kent)
• cun, kuin, kun, kuyn (Southern, West Midland)

Noun

kyn

1. plural of cow

Descendants

• English: kine
• Yola: keeine, keyen, keene, khyne, kyne

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

kyn n (definite singular kynet, indefinite plural kyn, definite plural kyna or kyni)

1. (pre-1938) alternative form of kjønn

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kunją. Cognate with English kin.

Noun

kyn n (genitive kyns, plural kyn)

1. kind, species, type, sort [1]
2. kindred, kin, family and friends

Declension

Declension of kyn (strong ja-stem)

neuter	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kyn	kynit	kyn	kynin
accusative	kyn	kynit	kyn	kynin
dative	kyni	kyninu	kynjum	kynjunum
genitive	kyns	kynsins	kynja	kynjanna

Derived terms

• kynviðr m (“scion”)

Descendants

• Icelandic: kyn n
• Faroese: kyn n
• Norwegian Nynorsk: kyn n
• Old Swedish: kyn n
  • Swedish: kön n
• Old Danish: kyn
  • Danish: køn n
  • Norwegian Bokmål: kjønn n
    • → Norwegian Nynorsk: kjønn n

Old Swedish

Alternative forms

• køn, kiøn

Etymology

From Old Norse kyn, from Proto-Germanic *kunją.

Noun

kyn n

1. kin, family
2. sort, kind

Declension

Declension of kyn (strong ja-stem)

neuter	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kyn	kynit	kyn	kynin
accusative	kyn	kynit	kyn	kynin
dative	kyni	kyninu, kyneno	kyniom	kyniomin, kyniomen
genitive	kyns	kynsins	kynia	kynianna

Descendants

• Swedish: kön n