-re

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "re"

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Latin -ere.

Suffix[edit]

-re

  1. forms Catalan second conjugation verbs

Conjugation[edit]

Variations to the Catalan second conjugation may show up.

Regular conjugation
    Conjugation of -re (second conjugation)
infinitive -re
gerund -ent
past participle masculine feminine
singular -ut -uda
plural -uts -udes
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present -o -s - -em -eu -en
imperfect -ia -ies -ia -íem -íeu -ien
future -ré -ràs -rà -rem -reu -ran
preterite -í -eres -é -érem -éreu -eren
conditional -ria -ries -ria -ríem -ríeu -rien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present -i -is -i -em -eu -in
imperfect -és -essis -és -éssim -éssiu -essin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós 		vostès
affirmative — - -i -em -eu -in
negative (no) — no -is no -i no -em no -eu no -in

Finnish[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

-ra +‎ -e

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /-reˣ/, [-re̞(ʔ)]

Suffix[edit]

-re

  1. Forms nouns, mostly from nominal stems.

Usage notes[edit]

Attaches to the strong stem, while the alternative form -r attaches to the weak stem.

Derived terms[edit]

Finnish terms suffixed with -re

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Latin -ere, third conjugation infinitive of -ō or -iō.

Pronunciation[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-re

  1. one of the three main verb endings, along with -er and -ir

Usage notes[edit]

  • Technically, -re is not a suffix or even a verb ending proper, as it is always part of a wider pattern in -dre, -ttre, -ire etc., and is only used as such for its practical aspect, as it groups verbs of very different conjugations, and several verbs of the third group do not end in -re.

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of -re (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple -re
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple -ant
/ɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle -u
/y/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present -s
// 		-s
// 		-
// 		-ons
/ɔ̃/ 		-ez
/e/ 		-ent
/ə/
imperfect -ais
/ɛ/ 		-ais
/ɛ/ 		-ait
/ɛ/ 		-ions
/jɔ̃/ 		-iez
/je/ 		-aient
/ɛ/
past historic2 -is
/i/ 		-is
/i/ 		-it
/i/ 		-îmes
/im/ 		-îtes
/it/ 		-irent
/iʁ/
future -rai
/ʁe/ 		-ras
/ʁa/ 		-ra
/ʁa/ 		-rons
/ʁɔ̃/ 		-rez
/ʁe/ 		-ront
/ʁɔ̃/
conditional -rais
/ʁɛ/ 		-rais
/ʁɛ/ 		-rait
/ʁɛ/ 		-rions
/ʁjɔ̃/ 		-riez
/ʁje/ 		-raient
/ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present -e
/ə/ 		-es
/ə/ 		-e
/ə/ 		-ions
/jɔ̃/ 		-iez
/je/ 		-ent
/ə/
imperfect2 -isse
/is/ 		-isses
/is/ 		-ît
/i/ 		-issions
/i.sjɔ̃/ 		-issiez
/i.sje/ 		-issent
/is/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — -s
// 		— -ons
/ɔ̃/ 		-ez
/e/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

  • The table above shows the conjugation of verbs ending in -dre (e.g. rendre, vendre, ardre).
  • In most verbs ending in -ttre, -tt regularly degeminates to -t before suffixes -s and -∅ (battre — bats, bat, not *batts, *batt).
  • In most verbs ending in -ire, -is- are added between verb stem and verb ending starting in vowels (conduire — conduisais, but conduis), and past participle ends in -t, not *-isu.
  • There are many exceptions on -re verbs, the most irregular -re verb is the auxiliary verb être. See more at Appendix:French irregular verbs.

Hungarian[edit]

Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions)
ed suffix who? what? this that he/she
(it)*
case v. pr. c.
nom. – ki mi ez az ő* / -∅
az / -∅		 – –
acc. -t / -ot /
-at / -et / -öt		 kit mit ezt azt őt* / -∅
azt / -∅		 – c1
c2
dat. -nak / -nek kinek minek ennek annak neki neki- c
ins. -val / -vel kivel mivel ezzel/
evvel		 azzal/
avval		 vele c
c-f. -ért kiért miért ezért azért érte – c
tra. -vá / -vé kivé mivé ezzé azzá – – c
ter. -ig – meddig eddig addig – – c
e-f. -ként (kiként) (miként) ekként akként – – c
e-m. -ul / -ül – – – – – – c
ine. -ban / -ben kiben miben ebben abban benne – c
sup. -n/-on/-en/-ön kin min ezen azon rajta (rajta-) c
ade. -nál / -nél kinél minél ennél annál nála – c
ill. -ba / -be kibe mibe ebbe abba bele bele- c
sub. -ra / -re kire mire erre arra rá rá- c
all. -hoz/-hez/-höz kihez mihez ehhez ahhoz hozzá hozzá- c
el. -ból / -ből kiből miből ebből abból belőle – c
del. -ról / -ről kiről miről erről arról róla – c
abl. -tól / -től kitől mitől ettől attól tőle – c
*: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be
construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All »

Pronunciation[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-re

  1. (sublative case suffix) Front-vowel variant of -ra. See details there.
    szőnyeg (“carpet”) → Tedd a szőnyegre. ― Put it on the carpet.
    perc (“minute, moment”) → egy percre ― for a moment
    kedd (“Tuesday”) → Kész lesz keddre? ― Will it be ready by Tuesday?

Usage notes[edit]

  • (sublative case suffix) Variants:
    -ra is added to back-vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.
    pad (“bench”) → Leültem egy padra. ― I sat down on a bench.
    alma (“apple”) → Allergiás vagyok az almára. ― I am allergic to apples.
    -re is added to front-vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.
    szék (“chair”) → Leültem egy székre. ― I sat down on a chair.
    béke (“peace”) → Mindenki békére vágyik. ― Everyone longs for peace.
   Hungarian case suffixes
Case Back vowel
a, á, o, ó, u, ú 		Front vowel
unrounded
e, é, i, í 		rounded
ö, ő, ü, ű
nominative —
accusative -t
-ot / -at -et -öt
dative -nak -nek
instrumental -val -vel
causal-final -ért
translative -vá -vé
terminative -ig
essive-formal -ként
essive-modal -ul -ül
inessive -ban -ben
superessive -n
-on -en -ön
adessive -nál -nél
illative -ba -be
sublative -ra -re
allative -hoz -hez -höz
elative -ból -ből
delative -ról -ről
ablative -tól -től
Note for all endings:
Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként.
    alma — almában, but almaként
    zene ― zenében, but zeneként

See also[edit]

Middle English[edit]

Noun[edit]

-re

  1. Alternative form of -erie

Old English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz, from Latin -ārius.

Pronunciation[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-re

  1. (Late West Saxon) masculine agent suffix, originally applied only to nouns
    ‎fugol (“fowl, bird”) + ‎-re → ‎fuglre (“fowler”)

Declension[edit]

Declension of -re (strong ja-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative -ree -reas
accusative -ree -reas
genitive -rees -rea
dative -ree -reum

Derived terms[edit]

Old English terms suffixed with -re

Descendants[edit]

  • English: -er

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From the Latin infinitive endings (-are, -ere, -ire). Used in Romanian with a verb to form the "long infinitive", which is a verbal noun. See also the short infinitive forms of Romanian verbs, -a, -ea, -e, and -i.

Pronunciation[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-re f (plural -ri)

  1. Attached to the ends of verb infinitives to form nouns, meaning "the action or result of"; -ing, -ation
    ‎traduce (“to translate”) + ‎-re → ‎traducere - translating, translation (the action or result of translation)
    ‎conjuga (“to conjugate”) + ‎-re → ‎conjugare - conjugating, conjugation (the action or result of conjugation)
    ‎vorbi (“to speak”) + ‎-re → ‎vorbire - speech, speaking (the action or result of speech)
    ‎avea (“to have”) + ‎-re → ‎avere - wealth, riches (the result of having)

Usage notes[edit]

Most verb infinitives simply add -re, but second conjugation verbs (those ending in -ea) drop the a before adding the suffix. Verbs in -î change to â in accordance with normal orthographic rules.

Type 1
cânta becomes cântare
lucra becomes lucrare
Type 2
plăcea becomes plăcere
vedea becomes vedere
Type 3
cere becomes cerere
naște becomes naștere
Type 4
vorbi becomes vorbire
urî becomes urâre

Declension[edit]

Declension of -re
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (o) -re -rea (niște) -ri -rile
genitive/dative (unei) -ri -rii (unor) -ri -rilor
vocative -re, -reo -rilor

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse -ri, from Proto-Germanic *-izô.

Suffix[edit]

-re

  1. Forms the comparative degree of a few adjectives, most of which change their stem vowel (umlaut) when this happens.
    lång (long), längre (longer)
    ung (young), yngre (younger)

See also[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

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