-ia

forms nouns, from adjectives, denoting states, conditions and qualities; -ness; -ity; -y; -hood
‎covard (“coward”) + ‎-ia → ‎covardia (“cowardice”)
forms the names of offices or jobs; -ship
‎comptador (“accountant”) + ‎-ia → ‎comptadoria (“accounting”)
forms placenames; -y; -ia
‎occità (“Occitan”) + ‎-ia → ‎Occitània (“Occitania”)

Derived terms

Catalan terms suffixed with -ia

adoberia

Finnish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *-idak, from Proto-Uralic *-j-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /-iɑˣ/, [-iɑ̝(ʔ)]

Suffix

-ia (front vowel harmony variant -iä, stem -i-, linguistic notation -i- or -iA)

Forms primarily transitive verbs describing repeating (frequentative) or continuous (continuative) action.

Conjugation

Inflection of -ia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation)

indicative mood

present tense

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

-in

en -i

1st sing.

olen -inut

en ole -inut

2nd sing.

-it

et -i

2nd sing.

olet -inut

et ole -inut

3rd sing.

-ii

ei -i

3rd sing.

on -inut

ei ole -inut

1st plur.

-imme

emme -i

1st plur.

olemme -ineet

emme ole -ineet

2nd plur.

-itte

ette -i

2nd plur.

olette -ineet

ette ole -ineet

3rd plur.

-ivat

eivät -i

3rd plur.

ovat -ineet

eivät ole -ineet

passive

-itaan

ei -ita

passive

on -ittu

ei ole -ittu

past tense

pluperfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

-in

en -inut

1st sing.

olin -inut

en ollut -inut

2nd sing.

-it

et -inut

2nd sing.

olit -inut

et ollut -inut

3rd sing.

-i

ei -inut

3rd sing.

oli -inut

ei ollut -inut

1st plur.

-imme

emme -ineet

1st plur.

olimme -ineet

emme olleet -ineet

2nd plur.

-itte

ette -ineet

2nd plur.

olitte -ineet

ette olleet -ineet

3rd plur.

-ivat

eivät -ineet

3rd plur.

olivat -ineet

eivät olleet -ineet

passive

-ittiin

ei -ittu

passive

oli -ittu

ei ollut -ittu

conditional mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

-isin

en -isi

1st sing.

olisin -inut

en olisi -inut

2nd sing.

-isit

et -isi

2nd sing.

olisit -inut

et olisi -inut

3rd sing.

-isi

ei -isi

3rd sing.

olisi -inut

ei olisi -inut

1st plur.

-isimme

emme -isi

1st plur.

olisimme -ineet

emme olisi -ineet

2nd plur.

-isitte

ette -isi

2nd plur.

olisitte -ineet

ette olisi -ineet

3rd plur.

-isivat

eivät -isi

3rd plur.

olisivat -ineet

eivät olisi -ineet

passive

-ittaisiin

ei -ittaisi

passive

olisi -ittu

ei olisi -ittu

imperative mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

—

1st sing.

—

2nd sing.

-i

älä -i

2nd sing.

—

3rd sing.

-ikoon

älköön -iko

3rd sing.

olkoon -inut

älköön olko -inut

1st plur.

-ikaamme

älkäämme -iko

1st plur.

—

2nd plur.

-ikaa

älkää -iko

2nd plur.

—

3rd plur.

-ikoot

älkööt -iko

3rd plur.

olkoot -ineet

älkööt olko -ineet

passive

-ittakoon

älköön -ittako

passive

olkoon -ittu

älköön olko -ittu

potential mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

-inen

en -ine

1st sing.

lienen -inut

en liene -inut

2nd sing.

-inet

et -ine

2nd sing.

lienet -inut

et liene -inut

3rd sing.

-inee

ei -ine

3rd sing.

lienee -inut

ei liene -inut

1st plur.

-inemme

emme -ine

1st plur.

lienemme -ineet

emme liene -ineet

2nd plur.

-inette

ette -ine

2nd plur.

lienette -ineet

ette liene -ineet

3rd plur.

-inevat

eivät -ine

3rd plur.

lienevät -ineet

eivät liene -ineet

passive

-ittaneen

ei -ittane

passive

lienee -ittu

ei liene -ittu

Nominal forms

infinitives

participles

active

passive

active

passive

1st

-ia

present

-iva

-ittava

long 1st¹

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	-iakseni	-iaksemme
2nd	-iaksesi	-iaksenne
3rd	-iakseen -iaksensa

past

-inut

-ittu

2nd

inessive²

-iessa

-ittaessa

agent⁴

-ima

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	-iessani	-iessamme
2nd	-iessasi	-iessanne
3rd	-iessaan -iessansa

negative

-imaton

instructive

-ien

—

¹⁾ Used only with a possessive suffix.

²⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
³⁾ Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

⁴⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

3rd

inessive

-imassa

—

elative

-imasta

—

illative

-imaan

—

adessive

-imalla

—

abessive

-imatta

—

instructive

-iman

-ittaman

4th³

verbal noun

-iminen

5th¹

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	-imaisillani	-imaisillamme
2nd	-imaisillasi	-imaisillanne
3rd	-imaisillaan -imaisillansa

Note that if the stem has gradation, it is (almost always) preserved.

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ia (verbal)

Etymology 2

From Latin -ia and Ancient Greek -ία (-ía), -εια (-eia).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑ̝]

Suffix

-ia

(in loanwords) Forms place names.

Declension

Usually:

Inflection of -ia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		-ia	—
genitive		-ian	—
partitive		-iaa	—
illative		-iaan	—
		singular	plural
nominative		-ia	—
accusative	nom.	-ia	—
accusative	gen.	-ian	—
genitive		-ian	—
partitive		-iaa	—
inessive		-iassa	—
elative		-iasta	—
illative		-iaan	—
adessive		-ialla	—
ablative		-ialta	—
allative		-ialle	—
essive		-iana	—
translative		-iaksi	—
abessive		-iatta	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of -ia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		-iani	—
accusative	nom.	-iani	—
accusative	gen.	-iani	—
genitive		-iani	—
partitive		-iaani	—
inessive		-iassani	—
elative		-iastani	—
illative		-iaani	—
adessive		-iallani	—
ablative		-ialtani	—
allative		-ialleni	—
essive		-ianani	—
translative		-iakseni	—
abessive		-iattani	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	—

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		-iasi	—
accusative	nom.	-iasi	—
accusative	gen.	-iasi	—
genitive		-iasi	—
partitive		-iaasi	—
inessive		-iassasi	—
elative		-iastasi	—
illative		-iaasi	—
adessive		-iallasi	—
ablative		-ialtasi	—
allative		-iallesi	—
essive		-ianasi	—
translative		-iaksesi	—
abessive		-iattasi	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	—

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		-iamme	—
accusative	nom.	-iamme	—
accusative	gen.	-iamme	—
genitive		-iamme	—
partitive		-iaamme	—
inessive		-iassamme	—
elative		-iastamme	—
illative		-iaamme	—
adessive		-iallamme	—
ablative		-ialtamme	—
allative		-iallemme	—
essive		-ianamme	—
translative		-iaksemme	—
abessive		-iattamme	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	—

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		-ianne	—
accusative	nom.	-ianne	—
accusative	gen.	-ianne	—
genitive		-ianne	—
partitive		-iaanne	—
inessive		-iassanne	—
elative		-iastanne	—
illative		-iaanne	—
adessive		-iallanne	—
ablative		-ialtanne	—
allative		-iallenne	—
essive		-iananne	—
translative		-iaksenne	—
abessive		-iattanne	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	—

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		-iansa	—
accusative	nom.	-iansa	—
accusative	gen.	-iansa	—
genitive		-iansa	—
partitive		-iaansa	—
inessive		-iassaan -iassansa	—
elative		-iastaan -iastansa	—
illative		-iaansa	—
adessive		-iallaan -iallansa	—
ablative		-ialtaan -ialtansa	—
allative		-ialleen -iallensa	—
essive		-ianaan -ianansa	—
translative		-iakseen -iaksensa	—
abessive		-iattaan -iattansa	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	—

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ia (place)

Etymology 3

From Latin -ia and Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑ̝]

Suffix

-ia

(in loanwords) -y (forms abstract nouns from Latin or Greek roots)

Declension

Usually:

Inflection of -ia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		-ia	-iat
genitive		-ian	-ioiden -ioitten
partitive		-iaa	-ioita
illative		-iaan	-ioihin
		singular	plural
nominative		-ia	-iat
accusative	nom.	-ia	-iat
accusative	gen.	-ian	-iat
genitive		-ian	-ioiden -ioitten -iain ^rare
partitive		-iaa	-ioita
inessive		-iassa	-ioissa
elative		-iasta	-ioista
illative		-iaan	-ioihin
adessive		-ialla	-ioilla
ablative		-ialta	-ioilta
allative		-ialle	-ioille
essive		-iana	-ioina
translative		-iaksi	-ioiksi
abessive		-iatta	-ioitta
instructive		—	-ioin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of -ia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		-iani	-iani
accusative	nom.	-iani	-iani
accusative	gen.	-iani	-iani
genitive		-iani	-ioideni -ioitteni -iaini ^rare
partitive		-iaani	-ioitani
inessive		-iassani	-ioissani
elative		-iastani	-ioistani
illative		-iaani	-ioihini
adessive		-iallani	-ioillani
ablative		-ialtani	-ioiltani
allative		-ialleni	-ioilleni
essive		-ianani	-ioinani
translative		-iakseni	-ioikseni
abessive		-iattani	-ioittani
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	-ioineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		-iasi	-iasi
accusative	nom.	-iasi	-iasi
accusative	gen.	-iasi	-iasi
genitive		-iasi	-ioidesi -ioittesi -iaisi ^rare
partitive		-iaasi	-ioitasi
inessive		-iassasi	-ioissasi
elative		-iastasi	-ioistasi
illative		-iaasi	-ioihisi
adessive		-iallasi	-ioillasi
ablative		-ialtasi	-ioiltasi
allative		-iallesi	-ioillesi
essive		-ianasi	-ioinasi
translative		-iaksesi	-ioiksesi
abessive		-iattasi	-ioittasi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	-ioinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		-iamme	-iamme
accusative	nom.	-iamme	-iamme
accusative	gen.	-iamme	-iamme
genitive		-iamme	-ioidemme -ioittemme -iaimme ^rare
partitive		-iaamme	-ioitamme
inessive		-iassamme	-ioissamme
elative		-iastamme	-ioistamme
illative		-iaamme	-ioihimme
adessive		-iallamme	-ioillamme
ablative		-ialtamme	-ioiltamme
allative		-iallemme	-ioillemme
essive		-ianamme	-ioinamme
translative		-iaksemme	-ioiksemme
abessive		-iattamme	-ioittamme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	-ioinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		-ianne	-ianne
accusative	nom.	-ianne	-ianne
accusative	gen.	-ianne	-ianne
genitive		-ianne	-ioidenne -ioittenne -iainne ^rare
partitive		-iaanne	-ioitanne
inessive		-iassanne	-ioissanne
elative		-iastanne	-ioistanne
illative		-iaanne	-ioihinne
adessive		-iallanne	-ioillanne
ablative		-ialtanne	-ioiltanne
allative		-iallenne	-ioillenne
essive		-iananne	-ioinanne
translative		-iaksenne	-ioiksenne
abessive		-iattanne	-ioittanne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	-ioinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		-iansa	-iansa
accusative	nom.	-iansa	-iansa
accusative	gen.	-iansa	-iansa
genitive		-iansa	-ioidensa -ioittensa -iainsa ^rare
partitive		-iaansa	-ioitaan -ioitansa
inessive		-iassaan -iassansa	-ioissaan -ioissansa
elative		-iastaan -iastansa	-ioistaan -ioistansa
illative		-iaansa	-ioihinsa
adessive		-iallaan -iallansa	-ioillaan -ioillansa
ablative		-ialtaan -ialtansa	-ioiltaan -ioiltansa
allative		-ialleen -iallensa	-ioilleen -ioillensa
essive		-ianaan -ianansa	-ioinaan -ioinansa
translative		-iakseen -iaksensa	-ioikseen -ioiksensa
abessive		-iattaan -iattansa	-ioittaan -ioittansa
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	-ioineen -ioinensa

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ia (nominal)

herbivoria

konkretia

Etymology 4

From Proto-Finnic *-jak, an old *k-lative (-(k)) of *-ja (denominative place name suffix).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /-iɑ(ˣ)/, [-iɑ̝(ʔ)]

Suffix

-ia (front vowel harmony variant -iä, linguistic notation -iA)

Forms some adverbs, mainly with a directional meaning.

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ia (adverbial)

Etymology 5

See -ea.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑ̝]

Suffix

-ia (front vowel harmony variant -iä, linguistic notation -iA) (dialectal)

alternative form of -ea

Usage notes

Used in the same way as the standard -ea: e.g. korkia "high", standard korkea.
Commonly associated with both Northern and Southern Ostrobothnian dialects, but also the predominant type in Peräpohja and southeastern (aka "Karelian") dialects.
This form was standard until the 19th century, when it was replaced by the current standard -ea.

References

Erkki Savolainen, 1998, compiled for the University of Eastern Finland (archived page)

Anagrams

ai

Ingrian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *-idak. Cognates include Finnish -ia.

Pronunciation

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑˑ]
(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑˑ]

Suffix

-ia (front vowel variant -iä)

Used to form continuative verbs from other verbs.
‎hypätä (“to jump”) + ‎-ia → ‎hyppiä (“to hop”)
Used to form transitive verbs describing a continuous action with a nominal.
‎nokka (“beak”) + ‎-ia → ‎nokkia (“to peck”)
Used to form intransitive verbs describing the creation of a nominal.
‎kukka (“flower”) + ‎-ia → ‎kukkia (“to blossom”)

‎poika (“young”) + ‎-ia → ‎poikia (“to calve”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -ia (type 7/oppia, no gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-in	en -i	1st singular	oon -int, oon -inut	en oo -int, en oo -inut
2nd singular	-it	et -i	2nd singular	oot -int, oot -inut	et oo -int, et oo -inut
3rd singular	-ii	ei -i	3rd singular	ono -int, ono -inut	ei oo -int, ei oo -inut
1st plural	-imma	emmä -i	1st plural	oomma -ineet	emmä oo -ineet
2nd plural	-itta	että -i	2nd plural	ootta -ineet	että oo -ineet
3rd plural	-iit¹⁾, -ivat²⁾, -itaa	evät -i, ei -ita	3rd plural	ovat -ineet	evät oo -ineet, ei oo -ittu
impersonal	-itaa	ei -ita	impersonal	ono -ittu	ei oo -ittu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-in	en -int, en -inut	1st singular	olin -int, olin -inut	en olt -int, en olt -inut
2nd singular	-it	et -int, et -inut	2nd singular	olit -int, olit -inut	et olt -int, et olt -inut
3rd singular	-i	ei -int, ei -inut	3rd singular	oli -int, oli -inut	ei olt -int, ei olt -inut
1st plural	-imma	emmä -ineet	1st plural	olimma -ineet	emmä olleet -ineet
2nd plural	-itta	että -ineet	2nd plural	olitta -ineet	että olleet -ineet
3rd plural	-iit¹⁾, -ivat²⁾, -ittii	evät -ineet, ei -ittu	3rd plural	olivat -ineet	evät olleet -ineet, ei olt -ittu
impersonal	-ittii	ei -ittu	impersonal	oli -ittu	ei olt -ittu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-isin	en -is	1st singular	olisin -int, olisin -inut	en olis -int, en olis -inut
2nd singular	-isit, -iist¹⁾	et -is	2nd singular	olisit -int, olisit -inut	et olis -int, et olis -inut
3rd singular	-is	ei -is	3rd singular	olis -int, olis -inut	ei olis -int, ei olis -inut
1st plural	-isimma	emmä -is	1st plural	olisimma -ineet	emmä olis -ineet
2nd plural	-isitta	että -is	2nd plural	olisitta -ineet	että olis -ineet
3rd plural	-isiit¹⁾, -isivat²⁾, -ittais	evät -is, ei -ittais	3rd plural	olisivat -ineet	evät olis -ineet, ei olis -ittu
impersonal	-ittais	ei -ittais	impersonal	olis -ittu	ei olis -ittu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	-i	elä -i	2nd singular	oo -int, oo -inut	elä oo -int, elä oo -inut
3rd singular	-ikoo	elköö -iko	3rd singular	olkoo -int, olkoo -inut	elköö olko -int, elköö olko -inut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	-ikaa	elkää -iko	2nd plural	olkaa -ineet	elkää olko -ineet
3rd plural	-ikoot	elkööt -iko, elköö -ittako	3rd plural	olkoot -ineet	elkööt olko -ineet, elköö olko -ittu
impersonal	-ittakkoo	elköö -ittako	impersonal	olkoo -ittu	elköö olko -ittu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	-inen	en -ine
2nd singular	-inet	et -ine
3rd singular	-inoo	ei -ine
1st plural	-inemma	emmä -ine
2nd plural	-inetta	että -ine
3rd plural	-inoot	evät -ine, ei -ittane
impersonal	-ittannoo	ei -ittane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		-ia	present	-iva	-ittava
2nd	inessive	-ijees	past	-int, -inut	-ittu
2nd	instructive	-ien	¹⁾ Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. ²⁾ Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. ^) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-ikaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. ^) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) to the indicative ^*) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) or -kse* to either the indicative or the potential ^***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-*, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	-imaa
	inessive	-imaas
	elative	-imast
	abessive	-imata
4th	nominative	-imiin
	partitive	-imista, -imist

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *-ëda. Cognates include Finnish -ea and Estonian -e.

Pronunciation

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑˑ]
(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑˑ]

Suffix

-ia (front vowel variant -iä)

Used to form adjectives from nouns and verbs.
‎pöörä (“wheel”) + ‎-ia → ‎pööriä (“round”)

Declension

Declension of -ia (type 3/kana, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	-ia	-iat
genitive	-ian	-ioin
partitive	-iaa	-ioja
illative	-iaa	-ioihe
inessive	-iaas	-iois
elative	-iast	-ioist
allative	-ialle	-ioille
adessive	-iaal	-ioil
ablative	-ialt	-ioilt
translative	-iaks	-ioiks
essive	-ianna, -iaan	-ioinna, -ioin
exessive¹⁾	-iant	-ioint
¹⁾ obsolete ^) the accusative* corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) ^) the comitative** is formed by adding the suffix -ka^? or -kä^? to the genitive.

Derived terms

Ingrian terms suffixed with -ia (adjective)

höbliä

pööriä

siitiä

Interlingua

Etymology

Borrowed from English -ia, French -ie, Italian -ia, Portuguese -ia/Spanish -ía, all ultimately from Latin -ia, from Ancient Greek -ία (-ía), -εια (-eia).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈi.a/

Suffix

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-ia

forms nouns from ethnonyms or personal names, denoting a country, province or region; -ia, -y
‎arabe (“Arab”) + ‎-ia → ‎Arabia (“Arabia”)

‎scoto (“Scot”) + ‎-ia → ‎Scotia (“Scotland”)

‎bulgare (“Buglar(ian)”) + ‎-ia → ‎Bulgaria (“Bulgaria”)
forms nouns from nouns, denoting a quality, status or jurisdiction; -y, -cy, -ness, -ity, -hood
‎coarde (“coward”) + ‎-ia → ‎coardia (“cowardice”)

‎infante (“baby, infant”) + ‎-ia → ‎infantia (“childhood, infancy”)

‎abbate (“abbot”) + ‎-ia → ‎abbatia (“abbacy”)

‎capitano (“captain”) + ‎-ia → ‎capitania (“captaincy”)
forms nouns from nouns, denoting an art, science, practice or establishment; -y
‎geologo (“geologist”) + ‎-ia → ‎geologia (“geology”)

‎radiotoxicologo (“radiotoxicologist”) + ‎-ia → ‎radiotoxicologia (“radiotoxicology”)

‎idolatra (“idolater”) + ‎-ia → ‎idolatria (“idolatry”)

‎bottinero (“cobbler, shoemaker”) + ‎-ia → ‎bottineria (“cobblery, shoemaking; cobbler's, shoemaker's shop”)

Usage notes

Note that the i of the suffix -ia bears the stress.

Derived terms

Interlingua terms suffixed with -ia

abundantia

maestria

reverentia

References

Alexander Gode; Hugh E. Blair (1955), Interlingua: A Grammar of the International Language, →ISBN

Italian

Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek -ία (-ía).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈi.a/
Rhymes: -ia
Hyphenation: -ì‧a

Suffix

-ia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ie)

derives abstract nouns denoting a state or condition from adjectives or nouns
‎allegro (“cheerful”, “happy”) + ‎-ia → ‎allegria (“joy”, “happiness”)

‎tiranno (“tyrant”) + ‎-ia → ‎tirannia (“tyranny”)
derives abstract nouns denoting a collective group or a social condition
‎compagno (“companion”) + ‎-ia → ‎compagnia (“company”)

‎borghese (“bourgeois”) + ‎-ia → ‎borghesia (“bourgeoisie”)
added to ethnonyms to derive place names
‎andaluso (“Andalusian”) + ‎-ia → ‎Andalusia (“Andalusia”)
used to derive technical and scientific terms, especially from Ancient Greek terms

Derived terms

Italian terms suffixed with -ia (stressed)

Etymology 2

From Latin -ia, ultimately from the same source as above.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ja/
- Hyphenation: -ia
(after palatal consonants) IPA^(key): /a/

Suffix

-ia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ie)

(no longer productive) derivative suffix (Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Derived terms

Italian terms suffixed with -ia (unstressed)

ferocia

Derived terms

Anagrams

-ai, ai, ài

Latin

Etymology 1

From substantivisation of the feminine of the adjectival suffix -ius, from Proto-Italic *-(i)jos.^[1] Compare -ium as a noun-forming suffix.

Occasionally from Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā), -ία (-ía) and -εια (-eia), and so ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂.

Suffix

-ia f (genitive -iae); first declension

Used to form a first declension feminine abstract noun, usually from an adjective ending in -us, or (rarely in later Latin) one ending in -ius, or from a present participle stem, and occasionally from a root noun.
affixed to participles:
‎absēns + ‎-ia → ‎absentia

‎dēmēns + ‎-ia → ‎dēmentia

‎valēns + ‎-ia → ‎valentia

affixed to adjectives:
‎audāx + ‎-ia → ‎audācia

‎angustus + ‎-ia → ‎angustia

‎fācundus + ‎-ia → ‎fācundia

‎ignāvus + ‎-ia → ‎ignāvia

‎opulentus + ‎-ia → ‎opulentia

affixed to nouns:
‎custōs + ‎-ia → ‎custōdia

‎mīles + ‎-ia → ‎mīlitia

‎victor + ‎-ia → ‎victōria

‎gōgrāvius + ‎-ia → ‎gōgrāvia (Medieval Latin)
Used to form country names
‎Graecus + ‎-ia → ‎Graecia

‎Gallus + ‎-ia → ‎Gallia

‎Dācus + ‎-ia → ‎Dācia

‎Thrāx + ‎-ia → ‎Thrācia

‎Hispānus + ‎-ia → ‎Hispānia

‎Britannus + ‎-ia → ‎Britannia

‎Germānus + ‎-ia → ‎Germānia

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	-ia	-iae
genitive	-iae	-iārum
dative	-iae	-iīs
accusative	-iam	-iās
ablative	-iā	-iīs
vocative	-ia	-iae

Synonyms

-iēs

Derived terms

Latin terms suffixed with -ia

Descendants

Italian: -ia
Old French: -ie
- Middle French: -ie
  - French: -ie
- → Middle High German: -ie
- → Middle English: -ie
  - English: -y, -ie
Sicilian: -ia

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Suffix

-ia

nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural of -s

References

^ Weiss, Michael L. (2009), Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin‎^[1], Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, page 276

Māori

Suffix

-ia

a passive ending

Derived terms

Category Māori terms suffixed with -ia not found

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂

Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā)lbor.

Polish -ia

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈja/
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

Suffix

-ia f

-ia
‎akuszer + ‎-ia → ‎akuszeria

Declension

Declension of -ia

	singular	plural
nominative	-ia	-ie
genitive	-ii	-ii/-ij (archaic)
dative	-ii	-iom
accusative	-ię	-ie
instrumental	-ią	-iami
locative	-ii	-iach
vocative	-io	-ie

Derived terms

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ɐ/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈi.a/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ɐ/

Rhymes: -iɐ

Etymology 1

Suffix

-ia f (noun-forming suffix, usually uncountable, plural -ias)

forms nouns, from adjectives, denoting states, conditions and qualities; -ness; -ity; -y; -hood
Synonyms: -idade, -ção

‎alegre (“joyful”) + ‎-ia → ‎alegria (“joy”)
(medicine) forms the names of medical conditions; -y; -ia
‎acéfalo (“acephalous”) + ‎-ia → ‎acefalia (“acephaly”)
forms the names of offices or jobs; -ship
Synonyms: -ado, -ato

‎governador (“governor”) + ‎-ia → ‎governadoria (“the job or office of a governor”)
forms placenames; -y; -ia
‎Brasil (“Brazil”) + ‎-ia → ‎Brasília (“Brasilia”)

Derived terms

Portuguese terms suffixed with -ia

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -ia, from Latin -ēbam (first person) and -ēbat (third person). Cognate with Galician and Spanish -ía.

Suffix

-ia (non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix)

a suffix indicating the first-person singular indicative imperfect of a verb in -er and -ir
‎comer (“to eat”) + ‎-ia → ‎comia (“[I] used to eat”)

‎unir (“to unite”) + ‎-ia → ‎unia (“[I] used to unite”)
a suffix indicating the third-person singular indicative imperfect of a verb in -er and -ir
‎comer (“to eat”) + ‎-ia → ‎comia (“[he/she/it] used to eat”)

‎unir (“to unite”) + ‎-ia → ‎unia (“[he/she/it] used to unite”)

Etymology 3

Reduced form of havia, imperfect of haver.

Suffix

-ia (non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix)

appended to the infinitive, forms the first-person singular and third-person singular conditional of verbs
‎comer (“to eat”) + ‎-ia → ‎comeria (“I/he/she/it would eat”)

Romanian

Suffix

-ia

definite singular of -ie, usually applied to place names.

Derived terms

Spanish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /-ja/
Syllabification: -ia

Suffix

-ia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ias)

appears in feminine nouns, generally abstract, mostly inherited from Latin; -y
‎eficaz (“efficient”) + ‎-ia → ‎eficacia (“efficiency”)
forms placenames; -y; -ia
‎Brasil (“Brazil”) + ‎-ia → ‎Brasilia (“Brasilia”)

Derived terms

Swahili

Alternative forms

-lia/-lea

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *-ila/*-ela, from Proto-Bantu *-ɪda.

In Sabaki, cognate with Ngazidja Comorian -ia/-ea and Giryama -ira/-era. Other Bantu cognates include Rwanda-Rundi -ira/-era and Zulu -ela.

Suffix

-ia (mid vowel harmony variant -ea)

for (directed at, intended to belong to), applicative suffix
‎-lipa (“to pay”) + ‎-ia → ‎-lipia (“to pay for”)

‎-jibu (“to answer”) + ‎-ia → ‎-jibia (“to answer to/for”)

‎-soma (“to read”) + ‎-ea → ‎-somea (“to read to/for”)
(rare) conversive suffix
‎-nuka (“to smell”) + ‎-ia → ‎-nukia (“to smell good”)

‎-hama (“to move, to emigrate”) + ‎-ia → ‎-hamia (“to move to, to immigrate”)

Derived terms

Swahili terms suffixed with -ia

fia

Swahili applicative verbs

Swahili terms suffixed with -ia (conversive)

hamia

nukia

References

Lodhi, Abdulaziz Y. (2002), “Verbal extensions in Bantu (the case of Swahili and Nyamwezi)”, in Africa & Asia‎^[2], volume 2, →ISSN, archived from the original on 11 December 2009, 3.2.4, page 11 of 4-26.

[1] Weiss, Michael L. (2009), Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin‎^[1], Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, page 276

[1]

Translingual

Etymology

Suffix

Derived terms

English

Etymology 1

Suffix

Synonyms

Derived terms

See also

Etymology 2

Suffix

Derived terms

Anagrams

Catalan

Suffix

Derived terms

Further reading

Finnish

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Suffix

Conjugation

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Suffix

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Suffix

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Suffix

Derived terms

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

Suffix

Usage notes

References

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Suffix

Conjugation

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Suffix

Declension

Derived terms

Interlingua

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Usage notes

Derived terms

References

Italian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Suffix

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Suffix

Derived terms

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology 1

Suffix

Declension

Synonyms

Derived terms