soma

See also: Soma, SoMa, somă, søma, and somā

English

Etymology 1

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

Noun

soma (plural somas or somata)

1. (anatomy) The whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail.
2. (cytology) The bulbous part of a neuron, containing the cell nucleus.

Synonyms

• See also Wikisaurus:body

Derived terms

• somatic
• somite

Translations

axial portion of an animal

• Finnish: ruumis (fi), soma (fi), sooma (fi)

• Italian: soma (it) m

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit सोम (sóma).

Wikipedia

Noun

soma (uncountable)

1. A ritual drink in ancient Vedic and Persian cultures, dating to common Indo-Iranian period.
   • 2006, Karen Armstrong, The Great Transformation, Atlantic Books 2007, p. 82:

     Once he had drunk the intoxicating soma, he experienced an ascent to the gods without having to die a violent death, as in the old ritual.

2. (by extension) any kind of intoxicating drug

Synonyms

• Soma (alternative capitalization)

See also

• haoma

Anagrams

• Amos
• moas, MOAS

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Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsomɑ]

Adjective

soma (comparative somempi, superlative somin)

1. pretty
2. cute, sweet

Declension

Inflection of soma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)

		singular	plural
nominative		soma	somat
accusative	nom.?	soma	somat
	gen.	soman
genitive		soman	somien somainrare
partitive		somaa	somia
inessive		somassa	somissa
elative		somasta	somista
illative		somaan	somiin
adessive		somalla	somilla
ablative		somalta	somilta
allative		somalleˣ	somilleˣ
essive		somana	somina
translative		somaksi	somiksi
instructive		—	somin
abessive		somatta	somitta
comitative		—	somine

Anagrams

• Asmo, osma

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Italian

Noun

soma f (plural some)

1. the load borne by a pack animal
2. the measure of the capacity of a given animal to bear a load
3. (poetic) a weight

Derived terms

• animale da soma
• bestia da soma
• someggiare

Noun

soma m (plural somi)

1. (medicine) soma

Derived terms

• somatico
• somite

Anagrams

• Amos

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Kinyarwanda

Verb

soma

1. to read

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Latvian

Etymology 1

See soms.

Noun

soma m

1. genitive singular form of soms

Etymology 2

Ceļasoma

Rokassoma

Mugursoma

A borrowing from Old East Slavic сума (suma) (compare Russian сума (sumá)), itself borrowed (via Polish) from Old High German soum (“burden”) (compare German Saum), from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma) (whence also Latin sagma, sauma (“burden saddle, burden”)). The borrowing happened in the 13th century, when Old East Slavic у was still pronounced as [oː]. The word soma is first attested in 17th-century dictionaries with meanings such as “bread sack”, “bag”, “travel bag”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sūōma]

Noun

soma f (4th declension)

1. bag, pack (fabric, leather, etc. object with straps or handles, used for carrying small objects, groceries, etc.)

   pasta soma — mail bag

   medību soma — (hunting) game bag

   skolas soma — satchel, school bag

   iepirkumu soma — shopping bag

   ceļa soma, ceļasoma — suitcase (lit. travelling bag)

   rokas soma, rokassoma — purse (lit. hand bag)

   mugursoma — backpack, knapsack, rucksack

2. (biology, anatomy) pouch (skin fold in marsupials to keep a newborn baby)

   ķengura soma — kangaroo pouch

Declension

Declension of soma (4th declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	soma	somas
accusative (akuzatīvs)	somu	somas
genitive (ģenitīvs)	somas	somu
dative (datīvs)	somai	somām
instrumental (instrumentālis)	somu	somām
locative (lokatīvs)	somā	somās
vocative (vokatīvs)	soma	somas

Derived terms

• ceļasoma
• mugursoma
• rokassoma

See also

• maiss

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Portuguese

Wikipedia ^pt

soma (1)

Etymology 1

From Latin summa.

Pronunciation

• (Portugal, Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈso.mɐ/
• Hyphenation: so‧ma

Noun

soma f (plural somas)

1. (arithmetic) sum (quantity obtained by addition or aggregation)
2. sum (quantity of money)

Etymology 2

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈso.mɐ/
• Hyphenation: so‧ma

Noun

soma m (plural somas)

1. (anatomy, cytology) soma

Wikipedia ^pt

Etymology 3

From Sanskrit सोम (sóma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sauma, from Proto-Indo-European *sew(h)-.

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈsɔ.mɐ/
• Hyphenation: so‧ma

Noun

soma m (plural somas)

1. (religion) soma

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈsɔ.mɐ/
• Hyphenation: so‧ma

Verb

soma

1. Third-person singular (ele, ela, also used with tu and você^?) present indicative of somar
2. Second-person singular (tu) affirmative imperative of somar

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Romanian

Etymology

From French sommer.

Verb

a soma (third-person singular present somează, past participle somat) 1st conj.

1. to summon

Conjugation

    conjugation of soma (First conjugation)

infinitive			a soma
gerund			somând
past participle			somat
number		singular			plural
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	somez	somezi	somează	somăm	somați	somează
	imperfect	somam	somai	soma	somam	somați	somau
	simple perfect	somai	somași	somă	somarăm	somarăți	somară
	pluperfect	somasem	somaseși	somase	somaserăm	somaserăți	somaseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	să somez	să somezi	să someze	să somăm	să somați	să someze
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		somează			somați
	negative		nu soma			nu somați

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Swahili

Etymology

Of Bantu origin.

Verb

soma (infinitive kusoma)

1. to read

Conjugation

    affirmative conjugation of soma

infinitive		kusoma
		singular person
		1st person mimi	2nd person wewe	3rd person/Class 1 yeye/(m)	Class 3 (m)	Class 5 (ji)	Class 7 (ki)	Class 9 (n)	Class 11/14 (u)
indicative	general	nasoma	wasoma	asoma	wasoma	lasoma	chasoma	yasoma	wasoma
	progressive	ninasoma	unasoma	anasoma	unasoma	linasoma	kinasoma	inasoma	unasoma
	habitual	husoma
	past	nilisoma	ulisoma	alisoma	ulisoma	lilisoma	kilisoma	ilisoma	ulisoma
	perfect	nimesoma	umesoma	amesoma	umesoma	limesoma	kimesoma	imesoma	umesoma
	future	nitasoma	utasoma	atasoma	utasoma	litasoma	kitasoma	itasoma	utasoma
	consecutive	nikasoma	ukasoma	akasoma	ukasoma	likasoma	kikasoma	ikasoma	ukasoma
conditional	present	ningesoma	ungesoma	angesoma	ungesoma	lingesoma	kingesoma	ingesoma	ungesoma
	past	ningalisoma	ungalisoma	angalisoma	ungalisoma	lingalisoma	kingalisoma	ingalisoma	ungalisoma
subjunctive	general	nisome	usome	asome	usome	lisome	kisome	isome	usome
	consecutive	nikasome	ukasome	akasome	ukasome	likasome	kikasome	ikasome	ukasome
comitative		nikisoma	ukisoma	akisoma	ukisoma	likisoma	kikisoma	ikisoma	ukisoma
imperative			soma! __some!‡
		plural person
		1st person sisi	2nd person ninyi	3rd person/Class 2 wao/(wa)	Class 4 (mi)	Class 6 (ma)	Class 8 (vi)	Class 10 (n)	Class 10 (n)†
indicative	general	twasoma	mwasoma	wasoma	yasoma	yasoma	vyasoma	zasoma	zasoma
	progressive	tunasoma	mnasoma	wanasoma	inasoma	yanasoma	vinasoma	zinasoma	zinasoma
	habitual	husoma
	past	tulisoma	mlisoma	walisoma	ilisoma	yalisoma	vilisoma	zilisoma	zilisoma
	perfect	tumesoma	mmesoma	wamesoma	imesoma	yamesoma	vimesoma	zimesoma	zimesoma
	future	tutasoma	mtasoma	watasoma	itasoma	yatasoma	vitasoma	zitasoma	zitasoma
	consecutive	tukasoma	mkasoma	wakasoma	ikasoma	yakasoma	vikasoma	zikasoma	zikasoma
conditional	present	tungesoma	mngesoma	wangesoma	ingesoma	yangesoma	vingesoma	zingesoma	zingesoma
	past	tungalisoma	mngalisoma	wangalisoma	ingalisoma	yangalisoma	vingalisoma	zingalisoma	zingalisoma
subjunctive	general	tusome	msome	wasome	isome	yasome	visome	zisome	zisome
	consecutive	tukasome	mkasome	wakasome	ikasome	yakasome	vikasome	zikasome	zikasome
comitative		tukisoma	mkisoma	wakisoma	ikisoma	yakisoma	vikisoma	zikisoma	zikisoma
imperative		tusome	someni! __someni!‡

†Plural for Class 11 nouns only; No plural for identical nouns of Class 14 that share the same affix
‡Imperatives that take an object use the second form

    negative conjugation of soma

infinitive		kutosoma or kutokusoma
		singular person
		1st person mimi	2nd person wewe	3rd person/Class 1 yeye/(m)	Class 3 (m)	Class 5 (ji)	Class 7 (ki)	Class 9 (n)	Class 11/14 (u)
indicative	general	sisomi	husomi	hasomi	hausomi	halisomi	hakisomi	haisomi	hausomi
	progressive	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form
	habitual	Use General Form
	past	sikusoma	hukusoma	hakusoma	haukusoma	halikusoma	hakikusoma	haikusoma	haukusoma
	perfect	sijasoma	hujasoma	hajasoma	haujasoma	halijasoma	hakijasoma	haijasoma	haujasoma
	future	sitasoma	hutasoma	hatasoma	hautasoma	halitasoma	hakitasoma	haitasoma	hautasoma
	consecutive	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form
conditional	present	nisingesoma	usingesoma	asingesoma	usingesoma	lisingesoma	kisingesoma	isingesoma	usingesoma
	past	nisingalisoma	usingalisoma	asingalisoma	usingalisoma	lisingalisoma	kisingalisoma	isingalisoma	usingalisoma
subjunctive	general	nisisome	usisome	asisome	usisome	lisisome	kisisome	isisome	usisome
	consecutive	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form
comitative		nisiposoma	usiposoma	asiposoma	usiposoma	lisiposoma	kisiposoma	isiposoma	usiposoma
imperative			usisome!‡
		plural person
		1st person sisi	2nd person ninyi	3rd person/Class 2 wao/(wa)	Class 4 (mi)	Class 6 (ma)	Class 8 (vi)	Class 10 (n)	Class 10 (n)†
indicative	general	hatusomi	hamsomi	hawasomi	haisomi	hayasomi	havisomi	hazisomi	hazisomi
	progressive	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form	Use General Form
	habitual	Use General Form
	past	hatukusoma	hamkusoma	hawakusoma	haikusoma	hayakusoma	havikusoma	hazikusoma	hazikusoma
	perfect	hatujasoma	hamjasoma	hawajasoma	haijasoma	hayajasoma	havijasoma	hazijasoma	hazijasoma
	future	hatutasoma	hamtasoma	hawatasoma	haitasoma	hayatasoma	havitasoma	hazitasoma	hazitasoma
	consecutive	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form
conditional	present	tusingesoma	msingesoma	wasingesoma	isingesoma	yasingesoma	visingesoma	zisingesoma	zisingesoma
	past	tusingalisoma	msingalisoma	wasingalisoma	isingalisoma	yasingalisoma	visingalisoma	zisingalisoma	zisingalisoma
subjunctive	general	tusisome	msisome	wasisome	isisome	yasisome	visisome	zisisome	zisisome
	consecutive	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form	Use Subjunctive Form
comitative		tusiposoma	msiposoma	wasiposoma	isiposoma	yasiposoma	visiposoma	zisiposoma	zisiposoma
imperative		tusisome	msisome!‡

†Plural for Class 11 nouns only; No plural for identical nouns of Class 14 that share the same affix
‡Imperatives that take an object use the second form

soma
conditional		someka
passive		somwa
causative		somasha
prepositional		somea
passive causative		someshwa