-me-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "me"

English

Infix

-me-

1. (pharmacology) a shortened allomorph of the monoclonal antibody affix -mel-, used before the affixes -xi- and -zu- for ease of pronunciation

Derived terms

• ecromeximab

Anagrams

• 'em, EM, Em, em, em-

Kongo

Infix

-me-

1. Perfect aspect marker

Swahili

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *-mazi̧le (“to have finished”), from *-mala (“to finish”) +‎ *-i̧le (perfect aspect). From the same root as -maliza.

Old Swahili forms include -maa-, -mee-, -mele, -mezie. Cognate with Kipfokomo -ma-.

This infix replaced the original perfect-aspect suffix -ile, probably starting in Northern Swahili.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Infix

-me-

1. (in active verbs) perfect aspect marker

   wamekwenda zao ― they have left

   nilikuwa nimekisoma ― I had read it

2. (in stative verbs) stative aspect marker

   wamelala ― they are asleep

   umechelewa ― you are late

Conjugation

Conjugation of -me-

		singular	plural
1st person		nime-	tume-
2nd person		ume-	mme-
3rd person	m-wa(I/II)	ame-	wame-
	m-mi(III/IV)	ume-	ime-
	ji-ma(V/VI)	lime-	yame-
	ki-vi(VII/VIII)	kime-	vime-
	n(IX/X)	ime-	zime-
	u(XI)	ume-	see n(X) or ma(VI)
	ku(XV/XVII)	kume-
	pa(XVI)	pame-
	mu(XVIII)	mme-

For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs.

See also

Swahili TAM markers

• Initial
  • Positive infinitive: ku-/kw-¹
  • Negative infinitive: kuto-
  • Habitual: hu-¹
  • Telegrammic: ka-¹
• Final
  • General (positive indicative): -a
  • Positive subjunctive: -e
  • Negative present: -i
  • Second person plural: -ni
• Infix position positive subject concord
  • Positive past: -li-
  • Positive present: -na-
  • Positive future: -ta-
  • Negative subjunctive: -si-¹
  • Positive present conditional: -nge-
  • Negative present conditional: -singe-
  • Positive past conditional: -ngali-
  • Negative past conditional: -singali-
  • Gnomic: -a-¹
  • Perfect: -me-
  • "Already" past: -lisha-
  • "Already" present: -mesha-/-sha-
  • "If/When": -ki-¹
  • "If not": -sipo-
  • Consecutive: -ka-¹
• Infix position negative subject concord
  • Negative past: -ku-¹
  • Negative future: -ta-
  • "Not yet": -ja-¹
  • Negative present conditional: -nge-
  • Negative past conditional: -ngali-
• Relative
  • Past: -li-
  • Present: -na-
  • Future: -taka-
  • Negative: -si-

¹ Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-/-kw- in monosyllabic verbs.