σῶμα

See also: σώμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sɔ̂ː.ma/ → /ˈso.ma/ → /ˈso.ma/

• (5^th BC Attic) IPA^(key): /sɔ̂ː.ma/
• (1^st BC Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈso.ma/
• (4^th AD Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈso.ma/
• (10^th AD Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈso.ma/
• (15^th AD Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈso.ma/

Noun

σῶμα • (sôma) n (genitive σώματος); third declension

1. body (both that of people and animals)
   1. (Epic and often in other early works) dead body
2. One's life in the physical world
3. That which is material (as opposed to spiritual)
4. person
5. An entire thing
6. (mathematics) three-dimensional object

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ σῶμᾰ; τοῦ σώμᾰτος

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σῶμᾰ	τὼ σώμᾰτε	τᾰ̀ σώμᾰτᾰ
Genitive	τοῦ σώμᾰτος	τοῖν σωμᾰ́τοιν	τῶν σωμᾰ́των
Dative	τῷ σώμᾰτῐ	τοῖν σωμᾰ́τοιν	τοῖς σώμᾰσῐ
Accusative	τὸ σῶμᾰ	τὼ σώμᾰτε	τᾰ̀ σώμᾰτᾰ
Vocative	σῶμᾰ	σώμᾰτε	σώμᾰτᾰ
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• English: -some, somatic
• Coptic: ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (sōma)

References

• σῶμα in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• «σῶμα» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• σῶμα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “G4983”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • bodily idem, page 87.
  • body idem, page 87.
  • constitution idem, page 164.
  • constitutional idem, page 165.
  • corporal idem, page 174.
  • corpse idem, page 174.
  • flesh idem, page 327.
  • frame idem, page 342.
  • health idem, page 391.
  • person idem, page 608.
  • personal idem, page 608.
  • physique idem, page 611.
  • stature idem, page 813.