Two-syllable nouns ending with -a/-ä not covered by type kala: those ending with -ä, or with first vowel o/u. Also words formed using the deverbal suffix -ja/-jä, adjectives and participles (-(tta)va/(ttä)vä, -ma/mä), the numerals seitsemän, kahdeksan and yhdeksän and words derived from them.
Consonant gradation possible.
-a-/-ä- of stem is dropped before plural marker -i-. Partitive ending -a and genitive plural ending -en.
Basic declension without consonant gradation[edit]
ends with -a
ends with -ä
Inflection of Finnish nominal inflection/koira (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)