militia

See also: miliția

English

Etymology

From Latin mīlitia (“army, military force/service”), from mīles (“soldier”). Doublet of militsia.

The use of "militia" rather than "police" to refer to the police force (of Belarus and some other countries) originated in the USSR.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /məˈlɪʃə/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪʃə

Noun

militia (plural militias or militiae)

1. An army of trained civilians, which may be an official reserve army, called upon in time of need, the entire able-bodied population of a state which may also be called upon, or a private force not under government control.
2. Synonym of militsia: the national police force of certain countries (e.g. Belarus).

A militia.

Translations

army of trained civilians called upon in time of need

• Arabic: تَنْظِيم مُسَلَّح m (tanẓīm musallaḥ), جَمَاعَة مُسَلَّحَة f (jamāʕa(t) musallaḥa), مِيلِيشْيَا f (mīlīšyā)

  Egyptian Arabic: ميليشيا f (melešyā)

• Basque: milizia
• Belarusian: мілі́цыя f (milícyja)
• Bulgarian: мили́ция (bg) f (milícija)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 民兵 (zh) (mínbīng), 國民軍／国民军 (zh) (guómínjūn), 義勇軍／义勇军 (zh) (yìyǒngjūn)

• Czech: milice f
• Danish: milits (da) c
• Dutch: militie (nl)
• Esperanto: milicio
• Estonian: miilits
• Finnish: miliisi (fi)
• French: milice (fr) f
• German: (general) Miliz (de) f; (official reserve also) Landwehr (de); Reserve (de); Volksheer (de)
• Hindi: नागरिक सेना f (nāgrik senā)
• Hungarian: milícia (hu), polgárőrség (hu), nemzetőrség (hu)
• Indonesian: milisi (id)
• Italian: milizia (it) f
• Japanese: 民兵 (ja) (みんぺい, minpei)
• Kalmyk: милиц (milits)
• Korean: 민병(民兵) (ko) (Minbyeong)
• Lithuanian: milicija (lt)
• Macedonian: мили́ција f (milícija)
• Malay: militia
• Maori: kura takahi puni, kura takai puni
• Norman: milice f
• Persian: میلیشیا (milišyâ), میلیس (milis)
• Polish: milicja (pl) f
• Portuguese: milícia (pt) f
• Romanian: miliție (ro) f
• Russian: мили́ция (ru) f (milícija) (also: Russian police force), наро́дное ополче́ние n (naródnoje opolčénije)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: мѝлӣција f

  Roman: mìlīcija (sh) f

• Slovak: milícia f
• Slovene: milica f
• Spanish: milicia (es) f
• Swahili: mwanamgambo
• Swedish: milis (sv) c
• Ukrainian: мілі́ція f (milícija)
• Volapük: sifanakomipanef (collective)

Latin

Etymology

From mīles (“soldier”) +‎ -ia.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /miːˈli.ti.a/, [miːˈlʲɪt̪iä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /miˈlit.t͡si.a/, [miˈlit̪ː͡s̪iä]

Noun

mīlitia f (genitive mīlitiae); first declension

1. military service
   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Livy, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1:

     huic generī mīlitum senātus eundem, quem Cannēnsibus, fīnem statuērat mīlitiae.

     For this class of soldier the senate had established a limit in duration to their military service, which was the same as the men at Cannae.

2. the military, army, soldiery
3. warfare, war, campaign

   domi militiaeque (also domi bellique) ― in war and peace

4. civil service, profession, employment
5. (figuratively) military spirit, courage, bravery

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	mīlitia	mīlitiae
Genitive	mīlitiae	mīlitiārum
Dative	mīlitiae	mīlitiīs
Accusative	mīlitiam	mīlitiās
Ablative	mīlitiā	mīlitiīs
Vocative	mīlitia	mīlitiae

Related terms

• mīles
• mīlitāris
• mīlitāriter
• mīlitārius
• mīlitō

 

Descendants

• Belarusian: мілі́цыя (milícyja)
• Catalan: milícia
• Crimean Tartar: militsioner, militsiya
• English: militia
• Middle French: milice
  • French: milice
    • → Ottoman Turkish: میلیس
      • Turkish: milis
• Italian: milizia
• Polish: milicja
  • → Russian: мили́ция (milícija)
    • → Armenian: միլիցիա (milicʻia)
    • → English: militsia
    • → Estonian: miilits
    • → Georgian: მილიცია (milicia)
    • → Kildin Sami: милиция (milicija)
    • → Romanian: miliție
    • → Uzbek: militsiya
• Portuguese: milícia
• Spanish: milicia

References

• “militia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “militia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• militia in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• militia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to take service in the army: militiam (only in the sing.) capessere
    
  • to try to avoid military service: militiam detrectare, subterfugere
    
  • to be excused military duty: militiae vacationem habere
    
  • to retire from service: militia functum, perfunctum esse
    
• militia in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016