-ium
English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Latin -um (neuter singular morphological suffix), based on Latin terms for metals such as ferrum (“iron”).
Suffix
[edit]-ium (noun-forming suffix, usually uncountable, plural -iums)
- (chemistry) Used to form the names of metal elements, after the style of early-named elements, as well as the isotopes of hydrogen.
- (chemistry) Used to form the temporary systematic element name of a metallic or nonmetallic element which is postulated to exist, or which has been newly synthesized and has not yet been assigned a permanent name.
- (chemistry) Used to form the name of polyatomic cations. Common examples are quaternary ammonium compounds used as neuromuscular blocking agents, cholinergic agents, anticholinergic agents, antibacterials/antiseptics, or other agents.
- Alternative form: -onium
- (by extension, humorous) Appended to common words to create scientific-sounding or humorous-sounding fictional substance names.
- 1997, Bryan Pfaffenberger, Official Microsoft Internet Explorer 4 book, page 34:
- According to the FAQ, a site's coolness can be attributed to a trace element called coolium.
- 2007, Jason Lethcoe, Wishing Well, appendix, page ii:
- Stupidium: Exposure to this Element can cause very silly behavior.
- 2009, Selena Kitt, Quickies, page 91:
- We're at the North Pole, aren't we? Let's just call the new element Santa Clausium!
References
[edit]- IUPAC Gold Book: onium compounds
Etymology 2
[edit]Reanalysis from multiple Latin or New Latin compounds suffixed with -ium, whose function, among others, is to derive parasynthetic compounds.
Suffix
[edit]-ium (noun-forming suffix, plural -iums or -ia)
- Used to form the name of an aggregation or mass of something, such as biological tissue
- Forms the name of biological structures and parts.
Etymology 3
[edit]Reanalysis of Latin words suffixed with -tōrium, -ārium and -ium.
Suffix
[edit]-ium (noun-forming suffix, plural -iums or -ia)
- Used to indicate the setting where a given activity is carried out
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Danish
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ium
- Used to form nouns (loanwords) of Greek or Latin origin; -ium
- akvarium, evangelium, kriterium, kollegium, laboratorium, medium, privilegium, sanatorium, studium ― aquarium, gospel, criterion, college, laboratory, medium, privilege, sanatorium, study
- (chemistry) Used to form nouns denoting chemical compounds, especially elements; -ium
- (botany) Used to form nouns denoting plant designations; -ium
- geranium, kaprifolium ― caprifolium, geranium
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “-ium” in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ium
Latin
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From -ius (suffix forming adjectives): as a nominal suffix (Suffix 1), a substantivisation of its neuter forms; as an adjectival suffix (Suffix 2), regularly declined forms. Compare Ancient Greek -ιον (-ion), Proto-Germanic *-(i)ją, Proto-Slavic *-ьje.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [i.ũː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [i.um] (stressed on the antepenult)
Suffix
[edit]-ium n (genitive -iī or -ī); second declension
- Suffix used to form abstract nouns, sometimes denoting offices and groups. May no longer be productive.
- (New Latin) Suffix appended to form names of chemical elements.
Declension
[edit]Second-declension noun (neuter).
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -ium | -ia |
| genitive | -iī -ī1 |
-iōrum |
| dative | -iō | -iīs |
| accusative | -ium | -ia |
| ablative | -iō | -iīs |
| vocative | -ium | -ia |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Norwegian Bokmål: -ium
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Suffix
[edit]-ium
- inflection of -ius:
Etymology 3
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Suffix
[edit]-ium
References
[edit]- “-ium” on page 981/3 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin -ium (forms names of chemical elements), from -ius (forms adjectives).
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ium
- Used to form nouns (loanwords) of Greek or Latin origin; -ium
- akvarium, evangelium, kriterium, kollegium, laboratorium, medium, privilegium, sanatorium, studium ― aquarium, gospel, criterion, college, laboratory, medium, privilege, sanatorium, study
- (chemistry) Used to form nouns denoting chemical compounds, especially elements; -ium
- barium, aluminium, beryllium, ammonium ― barium, aluminium, beryllium, ammonium
- (botany) Used to form nouns denoting plant designations; -ium
- geranium ― geranium
- (geology) Used to form nouns denoting geological designations; -ium
- alluvium, kambrium, ordovicium ― alluvium, cambrium, ordovicium
References
[edit]- “-ium” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
Categories:
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English lemmas
- English suffixes
- English noun-forming suffixes
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Chemistry
- English humorous terms
- English terms with quotations
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with usage examples
- en:Element nomenclature
- Danish lemmas
- Danish suffixes
- Danish terms with usage examples
- da:Chemistry
- da:Botany
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch suffixes
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin suffixes
- Latin noun-forming suffixes
- Latin second declension suffixes
- Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension
- Latin neuter suffixes
- New Latin
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin suffix forms
- Norwegian Bokmål terms borrowed from Latin
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Latin
- Norwegian Bokmål terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Bokmål terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Norwegian Bokmål/ʉm
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål suffixes
- Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples
- nb:Chemistry
- nb:Botany
- nb:Geology
- Norwegian Bokmål noun-forming suffixes