gymnasium

See also: Gymnasium

English

Etymology

From Latin gymnasium, from Ancient Greek γυμνάσιον (gumnásion, “exercise, school”), from γυμνός (gumnós, “naked”), because Greek athletes trained naked.

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /dʒɪmˈneɪ.zi.əm/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

gymnasium (plural gymnasia or gymnasiums)

1. (formal) A large room or building for indoor sports.
2. A type of secondary school in some European countries which typically prepares students for university.
3. (historical) A public place or building where Ancient Greek youths took exercise, with running and wrestling grounds, baths, and halls for conversation.

Synonyms

• (large room or building for indoor sports): gym
• (type of secondary school): prep school, college prep school

Related terms

• gymnastics

Translations

place for indoor sports

• Armenian: գիմնազիա (hy) (gimnazia)
• Azerbaijani: gimnaziya
• Basque: gimnasio (eu)
• Bulgarian: гимнасти́чески салон m (gimnastíčeski salon)
• Catalan: gimnàs (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 健身室 (gin⁶ san¹ sat¹), gym房 (zim¹ fong²)

  Mandarin: 健身房 (zh) (jiànshēnfáng)

• Czech: tělocvična (cs) f
• Dutch: turnzaal (nl) m, gymnastiekzaal m
• Esperanto: gimnastikejo
• Finnish: liikuntasali (fi), kuntosali (fi)
• French: gymnase (fr) m, salle de gymnastique (fr) f
• Galician: ximnasio (gl) m
• German: Sporthalle (de) f, Turnhalle (de) f, Gymnastikraum m, Fitnessstudio (de) n
• Greek: γυμναστήριο (el) n (gymnastírio)

  Ancient: γυμνάσιον n (gumnásion)

• Hungarian: (smaller:) tornaterem (hu), (bigger:) tornacsarnok
• Icelandic: íþróttahús n, leikfimisalur m
• Ido: gimnastikeyo (io)
• Irish: giomnáisiam m
• Italian: palestra (it) f
• Japanese: 体育館 (ja) (たいいくかん, taiikukan)

• Korean: 체육관 (ko) (cheyukgwan)
• Malay: gimnasium
• Maori: whare whakapakari, whare whakapakari tinana, whare korikori
• Navajo: biiʼndaʼaʼnéhé
• Norwegian: sportshall m

  Bokmål: gymnastikksal m, gymsal m

  Nynorsk: gymnastikksal m, gymsal m

• Plautdietsch: Spälhaul f
• Polish: siłownia (pl) f, sala gimnastyczna f
• Portuguese: ginásio (pt) m, academia (pt) f
• Romanian: sală de gimnastică f, hală de gimnastică f
• Russian: гимнасти́ческий зал m (gimnastíčeskij zal), спортза́л (ru) m (sportzál), джим (ru) m (džim), тренажёрный зал m (trenažórnyj zal)
• Scottish Gaelic: ionad-cleasachd m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: гимнастичка сала f, теретана f

  Roman: gimnastička sala f, teretana (sh) f

• Spanish: gimnasio (es)
• Swedish: gymnastiksal (sv) c, sporthall c
• Turkish: spor salonu, jimnastik salonu
• Vietnamese: thể dục (vi), gym (vi)
• Volapük: turöp
• Welsh: campfa (cy) f

type of school

• Belarusian: гімна́зія f (himnázija)
• Bulgarian: гимна́зия (bg) f (gimnázija)
• Catalan: gimnàs (ca) m
• Czech: gymnázium (cs) n
• Danish: gymnasium (da) n
• Esperanto: gimnazio
• Finnish: lukio (fi)
• French: lycée (fr) m, (outside France) gymnase (fr) m
• German: Gymnasium (de) n
• Greek: γυμνάσιο (el) n (gymnásio), λύκειο (el) n (lýkeio)
• Hungarian: gimnázium (hu)
• Icelandic: menntaskóli (is) m, framhaldsskóli (is) m
• Ido: gimnazio (io)
• Italian: ginnasio (it), Liceo Classico
• Polish: gimnazjum (pl) n

• Portuguese: ginásio (pt) m
• Romanian: gimnaziu (ro) n
• Russian: гимна́зия (ru) f (gimnázija)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: гимназија f

  Roman: gimnazija (sh) f

• Slovene: gimnazija f
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: gymnazium m

• Spanish: gimnasio (es) m
• Swedish: gymnasium (sv)
• Turkish: lise (tr)
• Ukrainian: гімна́зія f (himnázija)
• Yiddish: גימנאַזיע‎ f (gimnazye)

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Czech

Alternative forms

• gymnázium

Noun

gymnasium n

1. (archaic) grammar school

Declension

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	gymnasium	gymnasia
genitive	gymnasia	gymnasií
dative	gymnasiu	gymnasiím
accusative	gymnasium	gymnasia
vocative	gymnasium	gymnasia
locative	gymnasiu	gymnasiích
instrumental	gymnasiem	gymnasii

Further reading

• gymnasium in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• gymnasium in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Danish

Etymology

From Latin gymnasium, from Ancient Greek γυμνάσιον (gumnásion, “exercise, school”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡymnaːsjɔm/, [ɡ̊ymˈnæːˀɕɔm]
• Rhymes: -ɔm

Noun

gymnasium n (singular definite gymnasiet, plural indefinite gymnasier, in compounds: gymnasie-)

1. gymnasium (a type of secondary school)

Inflection

Declension of gymnasium

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	gymnasium	gymnasiet	gymnasier	gymnasierne
genitive	gymnasiums	gymnasiets	gymnasiers	gymnasiernes

Further reading

• gymnasium on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^da

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Dutch

Etymology

From Latin gymnasium, from Ancient Greek γυμνάσιον (gumnásion, “exercise, school”).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: gym‧na‧si‧um

Noun

gymnasium n (plural gymnasia or gymnasiums, diminutive gymnasiumpje n)

1. a type of secondary school (for 12 to 18 year-olds) which prepares students for university or vocational school, and which offers classes in Latin and/or Greek
2. school of sports which the Greeks had in antiquity

Related terms

• gym

See also

• atheneum

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Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γυμνάσιον (gumnásion, “exercise, school”), from γυμνός (gumnós, “naked”), because Greek athletes trained naked.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ɡymˈna.si.um/, [ɡʏmˈnäs̠iʊ̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒimˈna.si.um/, [d͡ʒimˈnɑːs̬ium]

Noun

gymnasium n (genitive gymnasiī or gymnasī); second declension

1. gymnasium

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	gymnasium	gymnasia
Genitive	gymnasiī gymnasī1	gymnasiōrum
Dative	gymnasiō	gymnasiīs
Accusative	gymnasium	gymnasia
Ablative	gymnasiō	gymnasiīs
Vocative	gymnasium	gymnasia

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Related terms

• gymnasticus

Descendants

• → Albanian: gjimnaz
• Catalan: gimnàs
• French: gymnase
• Galician: ximnasio
• → German: Gymnasium (see there for further descendants)
• Italian: ginnasio
• Portuguese: ginásio
• Spanish: gimnasio

References

• gymnasium in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• gymnasium in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• gymnasium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• gymnasium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• gymnasium in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• gymnasium in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• gymnasium in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

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Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

gymnasium n (definite singular gymnasiet, indefinite plural gymnasier, definite plural gymnasia or gymnasiene)

1. alternative form of gymnas

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

gymnasium n (definite singular gymnasiet, indefinite plural gymnasium, definite plural gymnasia)

1. alternative form of gymnas

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Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jʏmˈnɑːsɪɵm/, /jʏmˈnɑːsɪɛ/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

gymnasium n

1. gymnasium; an upper secondary school: either theoretical ("preparing for further studies") or vocational

Declension

Declension of gymnasium
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	gymnasium	gymnasiet	gymnasier	gymnasierna
Genitive	gymnasiums	gymnasiets	gymnasiers	gymnasiernas

Synonyms

• gymnasieskola

See also

• gymnasist