sala

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sala"

Languages (55)

English

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English

Etymology 1

From Spanish sala, from Germanic. Compare Swedish sal. Doublet of salle and sale.

Noun

sala (plural salas)

1. A large hall or reception room.
2. (Philippines) A living room.
3. (Philippines, law) A courtroom.

Usage notes

• (sense 3): It is used only to refer to a specific branch of a Regional Trial Court, but not higher courts unlike in Spain.

Derived terms

• sala set

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Thai ศาลา (sǎa-laa), ultimately from Sanskrit शाला (śālā, “hall”).

Noun

sala (plural salas)

1. (Thailand) An open pavilion in Thailand used as a meeting place or to shelter from the weather.

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Hindi साला (sālā).

Alternative forms

• saala

Noun

sala (plural salas)

1. (India) A brother-in-law; a wife's brother.

Anagrams

• AALS, ALSA, Alas., LAAS, Lasa, aals, alas

Asturian

Etymology

Of Germanic origin, from Frankish *sali.

Noun

sala f (plural sales)

1. room
2. hall

Bangi

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-cád.

Verb

sala

1. to work
2. to be employed

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [ˈsa.lə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈsa.la]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Of Germanic origin, from Frankish *sali.

Noun

sala f (plural sales)

1. a large room (division of a building)

   Hypernym: cambra

2. hall (a meeting room)
3. living room

   Synonym: sala d'estar

Usage notes

• Often refers to a type of room outside the home used for a specific purpose, (e.g. hospital room, operating room, courtroom), often with a qualifier, as in sala d'operacions.

Derived terms

• sala d'actes
• sala d'estar
• sala d'operacions

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sala

1. inflection of salar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “sala”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “sala”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
• “sala” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “sala”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)

Cebuano

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish sala (“living room”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsala/ [ˈsaː.la]
• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Noun

sála (Badlit spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. living room

Etymology 2

Unknown.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: sa‧la
• IPA^(key): /ˈsala/ [ˈsaː.la]

Noun

sála (Badlit spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. a tree, Lepidopetalum perrottetii

Etymology 3

From either:

• Proto-Philippine *salaq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salaq.
• Malay salah ساله (“sin”), from Arabic زَلَّة (zalla, “error; slip; lapse; fault; sin”), with possible influence from Sanskrit चार (cāra, “trap; snare”), as in अपचार (apacāra, “offence”), or Sanskrit छल (chala, “deceit; fraud”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: sa‧la
• IPA^(key): /saˈlaʔ/ [saˈlaʔ]

Noun

salâ (Badlit spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. (theology) sin

Central Bikol

Etymology 1

From either:

• Proto-Philippine *salaq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salaq.
• Malay salah, ساله (“sin”), from Arabic زَلَّة (zalla, “error; slip; lapse; fault; sin”), with possible influence from Sanskrit चार (cāra, “trap; snare”), as in अपचार (apacāra, “offence”), or Sanskrit छल (chala, “deceit; fraud”).

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /saˈlaʔ/ [saˈl̪aʔ]
• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Adjective

salâ (plural sarala, Basahan spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. wrong; incorrect; mistaken

   Antonym: tama

Derived terms

• magsala
• makasala
• masala
• pasala
• salaon

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /ˈsalaʔ/ [ˈsa.l̪aʔ]
• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Noun

salà (Basahan spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. fault; error; mistake; blunder

Derived terms

• kasala
• kasalan
• magsala
• salaon

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish sala (“room”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsala/ [ˈsa.l̪a]
• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Noun

sála (Basahan spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. living room
2. parlor

See also

• kuwarto

Chavacano

Etymology 1

Inherited from Spanish sala (“living room”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Noun

sala

1. living room

Etymology 2

Inherited from Spanish salar (“to salt”).

Pronunciation 1

• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /abuˈsa/ [a.bu.ˈsa]
• Hyphenation: a‧bu‧sa

Verb

salá

1. to salt

Conjugation

Verb conjugation for sala

	Zamboanga City	Cavite
tense	sala
past	ya sala
present	ta sala
future	ay sala; sala; el sala; (rural/archaic) ey sala	di sala
gerund	salando	?
past participle	salao; salado
infinitive	sala
manner	salada
reciprocal	salahan
reciprocal past	ya man salahan; ya'n salahan
reciprocal present	ta man salahan; ta'n salahan
reciprocal future	ay man salahan; man salahan; el man salahan; (rural/archaic) ey man salahan
reciprocal infinitive	man salahan

Related terms

• sal
• salao

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Tagalog sala (“filter”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsalà/ [ˈsalà]

• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Verb

salà

1. (man-type verb) to filter; to strain (through a strainer)

Chungli Ao

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa˥.la˩/, [sa˥.la˩]

Verb

sala

1. to unroll, open

Inflection

Inflection of sala (Chungli)

		Affirmative	Negative
Past	Simple	sala	mesala
	Perfect	salaogo	mesalaogo
Present	Simple	salar	mesalar
	Progressive	saladar saladagi	mesaladar mesaladagi
Future/infinitive		salatsü	mesalatsü
Imperative		salang	tesala
Present participle		sala-a	mesalai
Conditional		salara salarabang	mesalara mesalarabang

Further reading

• Clark, Mary M. (1893), Ao Naga grammar with illustrative phrases and vocabulary, Molung: Assam Secretariat Printing Office, page 144
• Clark, E. W. (1911), “SALA”, in Ao-Naga dictionary, Dimapur

Esperanto

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *sḗh₂l

Proto-Italic *sāls

Latin salem

Italian saleder.

Esperanto salo

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂

Proto-Italic *-ā

Latin -ader.

▲

Latin -a

Italian -ader.

▲

Latin -a

Old Spanish -a

Spanish -ader.

Esperanto -a

Esperanto sala

From salo (“salt”) + -a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsala/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ala
• Syllabification: sa‧la

Adjective

sala (accusative singular salan, plural salaj, accusative plural salajn)

1. salty

Further reading

• “sala”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “sala”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *sala (“to hide, steal, thief”). Cognate to Finnish sala (“secret”), Northern Sami suoládit (“to keep secret, to conceal”), Northern Sami suola (“thief”), Eastern Mari šolšta- (“to steal”), Tundra Nenets талей (talyey°, “thief”), Tundra Nenets талесь (talyesʹ°, “to steal”), Nganasan толар- (tolar-, “to conceal”), and Ket Selkup tuel- (“secret”).

Adverb

sala (not comparable)

1. secretly

   Synonym: salaja

Compounds

• salaagent
• salapolitsei

Related terms

• saladus
• salajane
• salastama

Fijian

Etymology

From Proto-Central Pacific *sala, variant of *cala, from Proto-Oceanic *jalan, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.

Noun

sala

1. path, track, trail, way

   E dredre me kune na sala ni sa tubu kina na veikau.

   It's difficult to find the path as the forest has grown over it.

2. (by extension) means, method, way (manner of achieving something)

   Na sala vinaka duadua me wali kina na leqa oqo na veitalanoa.

   The best way to solve this problem is through discussion.

3. (anatomy) tract, duct, passage (bodily canal or channel)

   Na sala ni cagi e dau kauta na cagi ki na yatevuso.

   The windpipe carries air to the lungs.

Verb

sala

1. to travel (along a path)

   Keimami a sala ki na koro ni bera na bogi.

   We traveled to the village before nightfall.

2. (by extension) to extend, to stretch out (of a limb)

   Sala mai na ligamu.

   Extend your hand.

Derived terms

• cara sala (“to renew relations with one's village”, literally “to clear the path”)
• daunivakasala (“advisor”)
• daunivakasala levu ni veika vakalawa (“Solicitor General”)
• e tubua na sala ki na nona koro (“s/he has lost connection to his village, never visits it”, literally “the path to his/her village is overgrown”)
• gaunisala (“road, trunk road”)
• ivakasala (“advice”)
• sala ni cagi (“windpipe, throat, bronchial tubes”, literally “path of breath”)
• sala ni dra (“vein, artery”, literally “path of blood”)
• sala ni ivalu (“formal communication channel for war matters”, literally “path of war”)
• sala ni kena (“digestive tract”, literally “path of food”)
• sala ni mi (“urinary tract”, literally “path of urine”)
• sala ni valelailai (“colon”, literally “path of toilet”)
• sala ni vanua (“traditional formal communication channel”)
• sala ni volivoli (“traditional trade route”, literally “path of exchange”)
• Sala ni Yalo (“Path of Spirits”, legendary migration route on Viti Levu)
• sala vaka-vanua (“traditional communication path”)
• sala waqa (“to travel by boat”)
• salabogi (“to set out in afternoon and travel/arrive at night”)
• salatu (“highway, main road”)
• salavata (“to go together on the same path”)
• salawai (“reachable only by water (of a village)”, literally “water path”)
• vakasalataka (“to advise”)

References

• Gatty, Ronald (2009), “sala”, in Fijian–English Dictionary‎^[4], Suva, Fiji: Ronald Gatty, →ISBN, pages 216–7

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *sala, from Proto-Uralic *sala (“to hide, steal, thief”). Cognates include Estonian sala (“secretly”), Livonian salātõ (“to hide something”), Northern Sami suoládit (“to keep secret, to conceal”), Northern Sami suola (“thief”), Erzya саламс (salams, “to steal”), Eastern Mari шолышташ (šolyštaš, “to steal”), Tundra Nenets талей (talyey°, “thief”), Tundra Nenets талесь (talyesʹ°, “to steal”), Nganasan толар- (tolar-, “to conceal”), and Ket Southern Selkup [script needed] (tuel-, “secret”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɑlɑ/, [ˈs̠ɑ̝lɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑlɑ
• Syllabification^(key): sa‧la
• Hyphenation^(key): sa‧la

Noun

sala

1. (dated) secret (currently used mostly idiomatically and as modifier in compound terms)

   Synonym: salaisuus

   olla salassa ― to be (a) secret

   jäädä salaan ― to be left a secret

2. (as a modifier in compounds) secret, clandestine, concealed

   ‎sala + ‎ampuja (“shooter”) → ‎sala-ampuja (“sniper”, literally “secret shooter”)

   ‎sala + ‎kari (“rock”) → ‎salakari (“sunken rock, (figuratively) pitfall”)

   ‎sala + ‎kieli (“language”) → ‎salakieli (“code, cipher, argot”, literally “secret language”)

   ‎sala + ‎kuljettaa (“to transport”) → ‎salakuljettaa (“to smuggle”, literally “to transport secretly”)

   ‎sala + ‎kuunnella (“to listen”) → ‎salakuunnella (“to eavesdrop, bug, wiretap”, literally “to listen secretly”)

   ‎sala + ‎liitto (“alliance, league”) → ‎salaliitto (“conspiracy”, literally “secret alliance/league”)

   ‎sala + ‎murha (“murder”) → ‎salamurha (“assassination”, literally “secret murder”)

   ‎sala + ‎nimi (“name”) → ‎salanimi (“assumed name, pen name, pseudonym, stage name”, literally “secret name”)

   ‎sala + ‎oja (“ditch”) → ‎salaoja (“subsurface drain”, literally “secret ditch”)

   ‎sala + ‎poliisi (“police officer”) → ‎salapoliisi (“detective”, literally “secret police officer”)

   ‎sala + ‎sana (“word”) → ‎salasana (“password”, literally “secret word”)

   ‎sala + ‎seura (“society, club”) → ‎salaseura (“secret society”)

Declension

Inflection of sala (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		sala	salat
genitive		salan	salojen
partitive		salaa	saloja
illative		salaan	saloihin
		singular	plural
nominative		sala	salat
accusative	nom.	sala	salat
	gen.	salan
genitive		salan	salojen salain rare
partitive		salaa	saloja
inessive		salassa	saloissa
elative		salasta	saloista
illative		salaan	saloihin
adessive		salalla	saloilla
ablative		salalta	saloilta
allative		salalle	saloille
essive		salana	saloina
translative		salaksi	saloiksi
abessive		salatta	saloitta
instructive		—	saloin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of sala (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative salani salani accusative nom. salani salani gen. salani genitive salani salojeni salaini rare partitive salaani salojani inessive salassani saloissani elative salastani saloistani illative salaani saloihini adessive salallani saloillani ablative salaltani saloiltani allative salalleni saloilleni essive salanani saloinani translative salakseni saloikseni abessive salattani saloittani instructive — — comitative — saloineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative salasi salasi accusative nom. salasi salasi gen. salasi genitive salasi salojesi salaisi rare partitive salaasi salojasi inessive salassasi saloissasi elative salastasi saloistasi illative salaasi saloihisi adessive salallasi saloillasi ablative salaltasi saloiltasi allative salallesi saloillesi essive salanasi saloinasi translative salaksesi saloiksesi abessive salattasi saloittasi instructive — — comitative — saloinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative salamme salamme accusative nom. salamme salamme gen. salamme genitive salamme salojemme salaimme rare partitive salaamme salojamme inessive salassamme saloissamme elative salastamme saloistamme illative salaamme saloihimme adessive salallamme saloillamme ablative salaltamme saloiltamme allative salallemme saloillemme essive salanamme saloinamme translative salaksemme saloiksemme abessive salattamme saloittamme instructive — — comitative — saloinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative salanne salanne accusative nom. salanne salanne gen. salanne genitive salanne salojenne salainne rare partitive salaanne salojanne inessive salassanne saloissanne elative salastanne saloistanne illative salaanne saloihinne adessive salallanne saloillanne ablative salaltanne saloiltanne allative salallenne saloillenne essive salananne saloinanne translative salaksenne saloiksenne abessive salattanne saloittanne instructive — — comitative — saloinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative salansa salansa accusative nom. salansa salansa gen. salansa genitive salansa salojensa salainsa rare partitive salaansa salojaan salojansa inessive salassaan salassansa saloissaan saloissansa elative salastaan salastansa saloistaan saloistansa illative salaansa saloihinsa adessive salallaan salallansa saloillaan saloillansa ablative salaltaan salaltansa saloiltaan saloiltansa allative salalleen salallensa saloilleen saloillensa essive salanaan salanansa saloinaan saloinansa translative salakseen salaksensa saloikseen saloiksensa abessive salattaan salattansa saloittaan saloittansa instructive — — comitative — saloineen saloinensa

Derived terms

• salaa
• salainen
• salassa
• salata

compounds

• sala-ammattilainen
• sala-ammattilaisuus
• sala-ampuja
• salahanke
• salahauta
• salahuone
• salahyökkäys
• salailkeä
• salaiva
• salajuoni
• salajuoppo
• salajärjestö
• salakaato
• salakalastaja
• salakalastus
• salakammio
• salakapakka
• salakapakointi
• salakapakoitsija
• salakari
• Salakari
• salakatselu
• salakatsoja
• salakauna
• salakauppa
• salakauppias
• salakavala
• salakieli
• salakihlaus
• salakihloihin
• salakihloissa
• salakirjoittaa
• salakirjoitus
• salakivi
• salakomero
• salakopiointi
• salakuljettaa
• salakuljettaja
• salakuoppa
• salakuunnella
• salakuuntelija
• salakuuntelu
• salakuva
• salakuvaaja
• salakuvata
• salakyttä
• salakähmäinen
• salakätkö
• salakäytävä
• salalaatikko
• salalause
• salaliitto
• salalokero
• salalukko
• salaluoto
• salaluukku
• salamatkustaja
• salameno
• salamenot
• salamerkki
• salametsästys
• salametsästäjä
• salamurha
• salamurhaaja
• salamurhata
• salamyhkäinen
• salamyhkää
• salaneuvos
• salanimi
• salaoja
• salaojitus
• salaoppi
• salaovi
• salaperäinen
• salapoliisi
• salapolttaja
• salapolttimo
• salapoltto
• salarakas
• salarakkaus
• salasana
• salasanoma
• salaseura
• salasoppi
• salassapito
• salasuhde
• salasurma
• salatajunta
• salateksti
• salatiede
• salatieto
• salavaarna
• salavaimo
• salavehje
• salavehkeilijä
• salavehkeily
• salavihkaa
• salavihkainen
• salaviisas
• salaviisaus
• salavoima
• salavuode
• salavuoteus

Further reading

• “sala”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[5] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023
• “sala-”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[6] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

Anagrams

• alas

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.la/

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

Verb

sala

1. third-person singular past historic of saler

Garo

Verb

sala

1. to pull

Higaonon

Noun

sala

1. sin
2. crime

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse sala, from Proto-Germanic *salō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsaːla]
• Rhymes: -aːla

Noun

sala f (genitive singular sölu, nominative plural sölur)

1. sale (act of selling)

Declension

Declension of sala (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	sala	salan	sölur	sölurnar
accusative	sölu	söluna	sölur	sölurnar
dative	sölu	sölunni	sölum	sölunum
genitive	sölu	sölunnar	salna, sala	salnanna, salanna

Ilocano

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsala/ [ˈsɐ.la]
• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Noun

sala (plural salla, Kur-itan spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. dance

Derived terms

• agsala
• manala
• mangisala
• salaen

Indonesian

Etymology

From Sanskrit शाल (śāla, “the sal tree, Shorea robusta”). Doublet of salam and syala.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈsala/ [ˈsa.la]
• Rhymes: -ala
• Syllabification: sa‧la

Noun

sala (plural sala-sala)

1. (botany) East Asian eurya (Eurya japonica).

   Synonyms: beberas, betutu, jirak

Further reading

• “sala”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *sala (“secret”). Cognates include Finnish sala.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈsɑlɑ/, [ˈs̠ɑɫɑˑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈsɑlɑ/, [ˈʃɑɫɑˑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑlɑ
• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Noun

sala

1. (in compounds) secret

Declension

Declension of sala (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	sala	salat
genitive	salan	salloin
partitive	sallaa	saloja
illative	sallaa	salloi
inessive	salas	salois
elative	salast	saloist
allative	salalle	saloille
adessive	salal	saloil
ablative	salalt	saloilt
translative	salaks	saloiks
essive	salanna, sallaan	saloinna, salloin
exessive1)	salant	saloint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

• salajutto
• salakavala
• salakivi
• salapaikka

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 501

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa.la/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophone: Sala
• Rhymes: -ala
• Hyphenation: sà‧la

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Lombardic *sala (“hall”), from either Proto-Germanic *saliz or *salą (both meaning "house, hall").

Noun

sala f (plural sale)

1. room

   Synonyms: stanza, camera

2. hall

Related terms

• saletta
• salettina
• salone

Etymology 2

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *axālis. Doublet of assale and asciale.

Alternative forms

• sale (dialectal)

Noun

sala f (plural sale)

1. axletree
2. (by extension) mechanical instrument with a rod shape

Related terms

• asse

Etymology 3

Uncertain, probably of pre-Indo-European origin.

Noun

sala f (plural sale)

1. sedge

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sala

1. inflection of salare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Javanese

Romanization

sala

1. romanization of ꦱꦭ

Kituba

Etymology

Borrowed from Kongo sala.

Verb

sala

1. to work

Kongo

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-cád.

Verb

sala

1. to act
2. to do
3. to make
4. to work

Lapuyan Subanun

Lapuyan Subanun numbers ^(edit)

		10
		1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: sala     Ordinal: gbekna'     Adverbial: minsan

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *isa, *əsa, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *isa, *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *isa, *əsa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sala/

Numeral

sala

1. one

References

• Phrase Book: Central Subanen, Southern Subanen, Western Subanon, Cebuano, Filipino, English‎^[7], Davao City: Overseas Missionary Fellowship, 1992, page 56

Latvian

Etymology 1

Sala

Sala

There are different opinions on the origin of this word. Some derive it from Proto-Baltic *sel-, *sal-, from Proto-Indo-European *sel-, a variant of *ser- (“to flow”); in this case, the original meaning would have been “stream, river,” from which “body of water”(cf. Lithuanian sálti (“to flow slowly”), Ancient Greek ἕλος (hélos, “swamp”) (< *selos), Sanskrit सरः (sáraḥ, “lake, pond”), perhaps also Latin insula < *in-sal-, and several river names: Salaca, Salica > Selke in Germany, Salate), then “something inside (a body of water),” “island.” Others derive sala from *ap(i)sala, from a verb meaning “to flow” (cf. Russian о́стров (óstrov, “island”), from Proto-Slavic *o-strovь, so that the original meaning would be “that which is surrounded by flowing (water)”). Still others consider sala to come from Proto-Indo-European *swel- (“to swell”), with as original meaning “(river) silt, deposits, sediments.” Cognates include Lithuanian salà; comparable Baltic-Finnic terms (Livonian sala (“island”), Estonian salu (“swamp island”), Finnish salo (“forest island; forest”)) are considered as borrowings from Baltic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sala]

Noun

sala f (4th declension)

1. island (relatively small amount of land surrounded by water in a river, sea, or ocean)

   okeāna, jūras, ezera sala ― ocean, sea, lake island

   salu grupas ― groups of islands

   vulkāniskā sala ― Volcanic island

   sanesumu sala ― drift island

   kontinentālā sala ― continental island

   koraļļu sala ― coral island

   Madagaskaras sala ― the island of Madagascar

2. island (higher place in a swamp or forest)

   cilvēki rakuši mantu zemē un ar lopiem un vezumiem mēģinājuši noslēpties silos un purvu salās ― the people hid their property in the land and with (their) cattle and wagons tried to hide in the pine forest and swamp islands

Declension

Declension of sala (4th)

	singular	plural
nominative	sala	salas
genitive	salas	salu
dative	salai	salām
accusative	salu	salas
instrumental	salu	salām
locative	salā	salās
vocative	sala	salas

Derived terms

• Britu salas
• salinieks, saliniece

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

sala m

1. genitive singular of sals

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sala

1. third-person singular/plural past indicative of salt

Lingala

Etymology

Borrowed from Bangi sala.

Verb

-sala (infinitive kosala)

1. to do

Lithuanian

Alternative forms

• salė

Etymology

Cognate with Proto-Germanic *salą and Old Church Slavonic село (selo).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sɐˈlɐ]
• Rhymes: -ɐ
• Syllabification: sa‧là

Noun

salà f (plural sãlos) stress pattern 4

1. isle, island

Declension

Declension of salà

	singular	plural
nominative	salà	sãlos
genitive	salõs	salų̃
dative	sãlai	salóms
accusative	sãlą	salàs
instrumental	salà	salomi̇̀s
locative	salojè	salosè
vocative	sãla	sãlos

Livonian

Etymology 1

Adjective

sala

1. obsolete spelling of salā

Etymology 2

Borrowed from a Baltic language, compare Lithuanian sala; related to Proto-Finnic *salo, but a parallel borrowing.

Noun

sala

1. (obsolete) island

References

• Andreas Johan Sjögren, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann (1861), Livisch-deutsches und deutsch-livisches Wörterbuch

Makasar

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salaq.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsala/, [ˈsa.la]
• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Adjective

sala (Lontara spelling ᨔᨒ or 𑻰𑻮)

1. wrong; incorrect; false
2. guilty; liable to pay a fine
3. fake; pseudo; not real; doing something just for show

   Paramata sala ― A fake gemstone.

4. (of a coin game) resulting in a tie or draw (where one coin falls heads and the other tails)

Noun

sala (Lontara spelling ᨔᨒ or 𑻰𑻮, definite salaya)

1. a fine or penalty (paid for a crime, breach of contract, or elopement)

   Salai patanrealaʼ

   He must pay a fine of four reals.

Pronoun

sala (Lontara spelling ᨔᨒ or 𑻰𑻮)

1. any; whichever; one of

   Sala seʼren(n)a ― One of them / Whichever one.

Derived terms

affixations

• annyala
• assala
• kasalài
• kasalàng
• pasala
• passala
• pisala
• salài
• salàng
• sisala
• tassala

compounds

• anaʼ sala
• anging sala
• gauʼ sala
• sala alle
• sala kana
• sala rupa
• sala tanjaʼ
• sala wattu
• tau sala

reduplications

• sala-sala

Further reading

• Cense, A. A. (1979), Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek [Makasar-Dutch dictionary], 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

Maltese

Etymology

Borrowed from Sicilian sala and/or Italian sala, both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *saliz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsaː.la/
• Rhymes: -aːla

Noun

sala f (plural swali or swalijiet)

1. hall, large room

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tígada, derived from Proto-Bantu *-tíga.

Verb

-sála

1. to remain

Conjugation

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse sǫðla, from Proto-Germanic *sadulōną.

Alternative forms

• sale (with e or split infinitive)

Verb

sala (present tense salar, past tense sala, past participle sala, passive infinitive salast, present participle salande, imperative sala/sal)

1. (transitive) to saddle

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Alternative forms

• sali (archaic)

Noun

sala n

1. definite plural of sal

Etymology 3

Uncertain, but may be related to såla, or even sala (Etymology 1).

Alternative forms

• sale (with e or split infinitive)

Verb

sala (present tense salar, past tense sala, past participle sala, passive infinitive salast, present participle salande, imperative sala/sal)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• “sala” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• alas, asal, Laas, laas, Saal, saal

Nupe

Etymology

From Hausa sallā̀, from Arabic صَلَاة (ṣalāh).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sá.lā/

Noun

sála

1. (Islam) prayer, salat

   Kókóta jin sála, eshìgi bà àdúwa. ― Lice do salat, dogs do prayer

2. (Islam) religious holiday

Derived terms

• Estwa Sálagi
• Etswa Báwà Sálakó
• Etswa Sálakó
• jin sála (“to perform salat”)

Old English

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *salō (“delivery”), from Proto-Indo-European *selh₁- (“to grab”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɑ.lɑ/

Noun

sala m

1. a sale

Declension

Weak:

	singular	plural
nominative	sala	salan
accusative	salan	salan
genitive	salan	salena
dative	salan	salum

References

• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “sala”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Old Norse

Noun

sala

1. genitive plural of salr

Papiamentu

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Spanish salader.

Portuguese salader.

Portuguese salader.

Kabuverdianu sálader.

Papiamentu sala

Derived from Spanish sala, Portuguese sala, and Kabuverdianu sála.

Noun

sala

1. living room, sitting room
2. lounge

Etymology 2

Derived from Spanish salar and Kabuverdianu salga.

Verb

sala

1. to salt (add salt)

Pipil

Noun

sala (plural sajsala)

1. pants; trousers

Further reading

• Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter.
• Lara-Martínez, R., McCallister, R. Glosario cultural náwat pipil y nicarao.

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *sel-der.

Proto-Germanic *saliz

Frankish *salider.

Old French saleder.

Middle French salle

French sallebor.

Polish sala

Borrowed from French salle. First attested in the 16th century.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa.la/

• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.la/
• (Lesser Poland):
  • (Goral):
    • (Podhale) IPA^(key): [ˈsa.la]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ala
• Syllabification: sa‧la
• Homophone: Sala

Noun

sala f (diminutive salka, related adjective salowy)

1. assembly hall (large room where people gather)

   Synonym: aula

   1. assembly hall (those gathered in such a room)
   2. (rare) seats in an assembly hall
2. (Podhale, Zakopane) connector (iron ring used to connect the rear part of a wagon with the front)
3. (obsolete) dance studio
4. (obsolete) living room

   Synonym: salon

Declension

Declension of sala

	singular	plural
nominative	sala	sale
genitive	sali	sal
dative	sali	salom
accusative	salę	sale
instrumental	salą	salami
locative	sali	salach
vocative	salo	sale

Derived terms

nouns

• śmiech na sali

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), sala is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 8 times in scientific texts, 38 times in news, 12 times in essays, 27 times in fiction, and 9 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 94 times, making it the 672nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Further reading

• “sala”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[8] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “sala”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[9] (in Polish)
• “SALA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 28.10.2008
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “sala”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “sala”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “sala”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 9
• Jan Karłowicz (1907), “sala”, in Jan Łoś, editors, Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 5: R S Ś T, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 98

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese sala, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *salą. Doublet of Sá.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.lɐ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.lɐ/

• (Northeast Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.la/

• Audio (Portugal (Porto)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -alɐ
• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Noun

sala f (plural salas)

1. room (division in a building)

   Synonyms: aposento, câmara, (especially a bedroom) quarto

2. ellipsis of sala de estar (“living room”)
3. ellipsis of sala de aula (“classroom”)
4. (metonymic) class (group of students)

   Synonyms: turma, classe

   • 2015, Roberto Avila, A raiz de todo o mal, Clube de Autores, page 297:

     Quando eu digitei as notas percebi que tem coisas muito incoerentes. Alunos frequentes que ficaram com muitas faltas em uma única matéria. Aluno com o boletim inteiro de notas vermelhas, mas com uma nota dez em uma matéria. Professor que deu nota oito para sala inteira, até para os alunos que não frequentaram as aulas. Tem cada coisa absurda que a gente vai ter que consertar agora.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• antessala
• ensalamento
• ensalar
• fazer sala
• sala de armas
• sala de aula
• sala de espera
• sala de estar
• sala de jantar
• sala de recursos
• sala de visitas
• sala dos milagres
• sala íntima
• salão
• saleta (diminutive)
• salinha (diminutive)
• salona (augmentative)

Descendants

• → Konkani: साल (sāl)
• → Tetum: sala

Further reading

• “sala”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “sala”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2026
• “sala” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “sala”, in Dicionário Infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
• “sala”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN
• “sala”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Sango

Verb

sala

1. to do

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Saal, adapted with the feminine suffix -a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sǎːla/
• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Noun

sála f (Cyrillic spelling са́ла)

1. (colloquial) hall, auditorium

Declension

Declension of sala

	singular	plural
nominative	sala	sale
genitive	sale	sala
dative	sali	salama
accusative	salu	sale
vocative	salo	sale
locative	sali	salama
instrumental	salom	salama

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish صلا (sala), from Arabic صَلَاة (ṣalāh).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sǎla/
• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Noun

sàla f (Cyrillic spelling са̀ла)

1. (Islam) a prayer recited by a muezzin on a minaret on the occasion of someone's death

Declension

Declension of sala

	singular	plural
nominative	sala	sale
genitive	sale	sala
dative	sali	salama
accusative	salu	sale
vocative	salo	sale
locative	sali	salama
instrumental	salom	salama

Etymology 3

From Ottoman Turkish صال (sal).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sâla/
• Hyphenation: sa‧la

Noun

sȁla f (Cyrillic spelling са̏ла)

1. (regional, usually in the plural) stretcher (clarification of this definition is needed)

Declension

Declension of sala

	singular	plural
nominative	sala	sale
genitive	sale	sala
dative	sali	salama
accusative	salu	sale
vocative	salo	sale
locative	sali	salama
instrumental	salom	salama

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

sala (Cyrillic spelling сала)

1. genitive singular of salo

References

• “sala”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026
• “sala”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026
• Škaljić, Abdulah (1966), Turcizmi u srpskohrvatskom jeziku, Sarajevo: Svjetlost, page 544

Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tígada, derived from Proto-Bantu *-tíga.

Verb

-sála

1. to remain

Conjugation

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsala/ [ˈsa.la]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ala
• Syllabification: sa‧la

Etymology 1

From a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *saliz, see also German Saal, Middle Low German seli, Old High German sal, from Proto-Indo-European *sel- (“human settlement, village, dwelling”). Cognate with French salle (“room”). Compare English salon. Compare Dutch zaal.

Noun

sala f (plural salas)

1. room (a separate part of a building)

   Synonyms: cuarto, ambiente, habitación, pieza, recámara

   sala de estar ― living room

2. large hall
3. ward (section of a hospital)
4. courtroom

Hyponyms

• alcoba
• antesala
• dormitorio
• habitación
• pieza
• recámara
• sala común
• sala de apelación
• sala de chat
• sala de emergencias
• sala de espera
• sala de fiestas
• sala de justicia
• sala de lectura
• sala de máquinas
• sala de maternidad
• sala de operaciones
• sala de tribunales
• sala del crimen

Derived terms

• antesala
• fútbol sala
• portero de sala
• sala común
• sala de audiencia
• sala de chat
• sala de emergencias
• sala de espera
• sala de fiestas
• sala de gobierno
• sala de justicia
• sala de máquinas
• sala de maternidad
• sala de millones
• sala de operaciones
• sala de tribunales
• sala de vacaciones
• sala del crimen
• salón

Descendants

• → Cebuano: sala
• → Tagalog: sala

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sala

1. inflection of salar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “sala”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

sala class IX (plural sala class X)

1. alternative form of swala (“prayer”)

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tígada, derived from Proto-Bantu *-tíga.

Verb

-sála

1. (intransitive) to stay behind, to remain

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Tagalog

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salaq

Proto-Philippine *salaq

Classical Malay ساله (salah)bor.

Tagalog sala

From either:

• Inherited from Proto-Philippine *salaq (compare Aklanon saea, Central Bikol sala, Cebuano sala, Maranao sala', Mansaka sara, and Tausug sā'), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salaq (compare Fijian cala, Hawaiian hala, Malay salah, Māori hara, and Samoan sala).
• Borrowed from Classical Malay ساله (salah, “sin”), from Arabic زَلَّة (zalla, “error; slip; lapse; fault; sin”), with possible influence from Sanskrit चार (cāra, “trap; snare”), as in अपचार (apacāra, “offence”), or Sanskrit छल (chala, “deceit; fraud”). See also Malay cela.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ˈsala/ [ˈsaː.lɐ], (nonstandard) /ˈsalaʔ/ [ˈsaː.lɐʔ] (“fault; mistake; sin”, noun; “wrong, mistaken; unsuitable”, adjective)
    • Rhymes: -ala, (nonstandard) -alaʔ
  • IPA^(key): /saˈlaʔ/ [sɐˈlaʔ] (“wrong, mistaken”, adjective)
    • Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: sa‧la

Noun

sala or salà (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. fault; guilt; blame

   Synonyms: kasalanan, bisala

2. error; mistake

   Synonyms: mali, kamalian, pagkamali, bisala

3. sin; offense

   Synonyms: kasalanan, pagkakasala

4. miss; failure to hit a target

   Synonyms: mintis, pagmintis

Derived terms

• bigyang-sala
• ipagkasala
• isala
• kasalanan
• kawalang-sala
• magbigay-sala
• magkasala
• magpawalang-sala
• makasalanan
• maysala
• pagkakasala
• pagkasalanan
• pagpapawalang-sala
• pagsala
• pasumala
• pawalang-sala
• sala sa init, sala sa lamig
• salahan
• salarin
• sumala
• walang-sala

See also

• bisala
• pinsala

Adjective

sala (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. wrong; mistaken

   Synonyms: mali, lisya

2. off the mark, faulty

   Synonyms: mintis, nagmintis, lihis, lumihis

3. unsuitable; bad for; contrary to (as of some food)

Adjective

salâ (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. wrong; mistaken

   Synonyms: mali, lisya, di-tama

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish sala (“room”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈsala/ [ˈsaː.lɐ]
• Rhymes: -ala
• Syllabification: sa‧la

Noun

sala (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. living room; reception room; parlor

Alternative forms

• salas

Related terms

• Salas

Etymology 3

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *sáraʔ (“sift; strain; filter”). Compare Masbatenyo sara, Central Bikol sara, Aklanon saea, Cebuano sala, Surigaonon saya, Maranao sara, and Tausug sā'.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ˈsalaʔ/ [ˈsaː.lɐʔ] (“filtering; irrigation dam”, noun)
    • Rhymes: -alaʔ
  • IPA^(key): /saˈlaʔ/ [sɐˈlaʔ] (“filtered, sifted”, adjective)
    • Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: sa‧la

Noun

salà (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. filtering; straining

   Synonyms: pagsala, pagsasala

2. irrigation dam

Derived terms

• magsala
• masala
• pagkakasala
• pagkasala
• pagsala
• pagsasala
• panala
• salaan
• salain
• sumala
• tagapagsala
• tagasala

Adjective

salâ (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. filtered; sifted (of water or liquid)

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /saˈla/ [sɐˈla]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: sa‧la

Noun

salá (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. act of interweaving bamboo slats (especially for the railing of a batalan)

   Synonym: pagsasala

2. railing made of bamboo slats; lattice; trellis

   Synonym: sala-sala

Derived terms

• magsala-sala
• pagsala-salahin
• sala-sala
• sala-salahin
• salang-bakal

Adjective

salá (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. interwoven (of bamboo slats, etc.)

   Synonyms: sala-sala, lala-lala

Etymology 5

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salaq. Compare Javanese ꦱꦭꦃꦲꦸꦫꦠ꧀ (salah urat).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ˈsalaʔ/ [ˈsaː.lɐʔ] (“physical defect”, noun)
    • Rhymes: -alaʔ
  • IPA^(key): /saˈlaʔ/ [sɐˈlaʔ] (“broken; dislocated”, adjective)
    • Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: sa‧la

Noun

salà (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. physical defect (such as a broken bone, sprain, or bone dislocation)

Adjective

salâ (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ)

1. broken or dislocated (of one's bones)

   Synonyms: bali, (dislocated) linsad

Etymology 6

Etymology tree

Aramaic צלא

Aramaic צלותא (ṣəlōṯā)

Classical Syriac ܨܠܘܬ (ṣəlōṯ)bor.

Arabic صَلَاة (ṣalāh)bor.

Tagalog sala

Borrowed from Arabic صَلَاة (ṣalāh). Compare Maranao salat, Tausug salat, Indonesian salat, and Malay solat.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /saˈla/ [sɐˈla]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: sa‧la

Noun

salá (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ) (Islam)

1. salat (Islamic prayer)

Alternative forms

• salah, salaah

Derived terms

• magsala
• pagsasala

Related terms

• musala

See also

• dalangin
• dasal
• pangadyi

Etymology 7

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈsalaʔ/ [ˈsaː.lɐʔ]
• Rhymes: -alaʔ
• Syllabification: sa‧la

Noun

salà (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎ) (dialectal, Quezon)

1. bedwetting; urination in bed, or during sleep

Derived terms

• magsala

Further reading

• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de; Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860), Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves, y coordinado por…, ultimamente aumentado y corregido por varios religiosos de la Orden de Agustinos calzados.‎^[10] (overall work in Spanish and Classical Tagalog), Manila: Ramírez y Giraudier.
• Rosalio Serrano (1854), Diccionario de terminos comunes tagalo-castellano‎^[11] (in Spanish), page 118
• Manuel, E. Arsenio (1971), A Lexicographic Study of Tayabas Tagalog of Quezon Province, Quezon City: Diliman Review, page 309

Anagrams

• laas, asal, alsa, alas, lasa

Tashelhit

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sala/

Verb

sala (imperfective ttsala, verbal noun asala, Tifinagh spelling ⵙⴰⵍⴰ, Arabic spelling سالا)

1. to engage (in an activity)

   آر تّسالان تيوّوريوين نّسن. ― ar ttsalan tiwwuriwin nnsn. ― They engage in their occupations.

2. to take care of, to deal with
3. to be busy, to be occupied

Derived terms

• asala (“state of being busy, occupied”)

References

• Stroomer, Harry (2025), Dictionnaire berbère tachelḥiyt-français — Tome 3 M–Š (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 188/3) (in French), Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 1929

Ternate

Etymology

From Malay salah.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsa.la]

Noun

sala

1. fault, mistake

Verb

sala

1. (stative) to be at fault
2. (stative) to be wrong, incorrect

Conjugation

Conjugation of sala

		singular	plural
			inclusive	exclusive
1st person		tosala	fosala	misala
2nd person		nosala	nisala
3rd person	masculine	osala	isala yosala (archaic)
	feminine	mosala
	neuter	isala

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Tetum

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salaq, compare Malay salah.

Noun

sala

1. fault, mistake

Verb

sala

1. to err, to do wrong

Adjective

sala

1. incorrect

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Portuguese sala.

Noun

sala

1. room
2. classroom

Derived terms

• sala-embarke
• sala-jantár
• saladevizita

References

• “sala”, in Dicionário infopédia: Tetum-English, Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026

Tswana

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tígada, the extensive form of Proto-Bantu *-tíga.

Verb

sala

1. to remain

Tutuba

Noun

sala

1. road

References

• Tryon, D. T. (1976), New Hebrides languages: An internal classification (Pacific Linguistics; C-50)‎^[12], Canberra, ACT: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University
• Maho Naito, Nouns in Tutuba Language (S) (2018)

Venda

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tígada, derived from Proto-Bantu *-tíga.

Verb

sala

1. to remain

Wailapa

Noun

sala

1. road

References

• Tryon, D. T. (1976), New Hebrides languages: An internal classification (Pacific Linguistics; C-50)‎^[13], Canberra, ACT: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tígada, derived from Proto-Bantu *-tíga.

Verb

-sála

1. (intransitive) to stay

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tígada, the extensive form of Proto-Bantu *-tíga.

Verb

-sála

1. (intransitive) to remain, stay behind, be left over

Conjugation

tone H (infinitive ukusala)

	positive	negative
infinitive	ukusala	ukungasali
imperative
	simple	+ object concord
singular	sala	-sale
plural	salani	-saleni
present
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyasala, ngisala	engisalayo, engisala	ngisala	angisali	engingasali	ngingasali
2nd singular	uyasala, usala	osalayo, osala	usala	awusali	ongasali	ungasali
1st plural	siyasala, sisala	esisalayo, esisala	sisala	asisali	esingasali	singasali
2nd plural	niyasala, nisala	enisalayo, enisala	nisala	anisali	eningasali	ningasali
class 1	uyasala, usala	osalayo, osala	esala	akasali	ongasali	engasali
class 2	bayasala, basala	abasalayo, abasala	besala	abasali	abangasali	bengasali
class 3	uyasala, usala	osalayo, osala	usala	awusali	ongasali	ungasali
class 4	iyasala, isala	esalayo, esala	isala	ayisali	engasali	ingasali
class 5	liyasala, lisala	elisalayo, elisala	lisala	alisali	elingasali	lingasali
class 6	ayasala, asala	asalayo, asala	esala	awasali	angasali	engasali
class 7	siyasala, sisala	esisalayo, esisala	sisala	asisali	esingasali	singasali
class 8	ziyasala, zisala	ezisalayo, ezisala	zisala	azisali	ezingasali	zingasali
class 9	iyasala, isala	esalayo, esala	isala	ayisali	engasali	ingasali
class 10	ziyasala, zisala	ezisalayo, ezisala	zisala	azisali	ezingasali	zingasali
class 11	luyasala, lusala	olusalayo, olusala	lusala	alusali	olungasali	lungasali
class 14	buyasala, busala	obusalayo, obusala	busala	abusali	obungasali	bungasali
class 15	kuyasala, kusala	okusalayo, okusala	kusala	akusali	okungasali	kungasali
class 17	kuyasala, kusala	okusalayo, okusala	kusala	akusali	okungasali	kungasali
recent past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngisalile, ngisalē	engisalile, engisalē	ngisalile, ngisalē	angisalanga	engingasalanga	ngingasalanga
2nd singular	usalile, usalē	osalile, osalē	usalile, usalē	awusalanga	ongasalanga	ungasalanga
1st plural	sisalile, sisalē	esisalile, esisalē	sisalile, sisalē	asisalanga	esingasalanga	singasalanga
2nd plural	nisalile, nisalē	enisalile, enisalē	nisalile, nisalē	anisalanga	eningasalanga	ningasalanga
class 1	usalile, usalē	osalile, osalē	esalile, esalē	akasalanga	ongasalanga	engasalanga
class 2	basalile, basalē	abasalile, abasalē	besalile, besalē	abasalanga	abangasalanga	bengasalanga
class 3	usalile, usalē	osalile, osalē	usalile, usalē	awusalanga	ongasalanga	ungasalanga
class 4	isalile, isalē	esalile, esalē	isalile, isalē	ayisalanga	engasalanga	ingasalanga
class 5	lisalile, lisalē	elisalile, elisalē	lisalile, lisalē	alisalanga	elingasalanga	lingasalanga
class 6	asalile, asalē	asalile, asalē	esalile, esalē	awasalanga	angasalanga	engasalanga
class 7	sisalile, sisalē	esisalile, esisalē	sisalile, sisalē	asisalanga	esingasalanga	singasalanga
class 8	zisalile, zisalē	ezisalile, ezisalē	zisalile, zisalē	azisalanga	ezingasalanga	zingasalanga
class 9	isalile, isalē	esalile, esalē	isalile, isalē	ayisalanga	engasalanga	ingasalanga
class 10	zisalile, zisalē	ezisalile, ezisalē	zisalile, zisalē	azisalanga	ezingasalanga	zingasalanga
class 11	lusalile, lusalē	olusalile, olusalē	lusalile, lusalē	alusalanga	olungasalanga	lungasalanga
class 14	busalile, busalē	obusalile, obusalē	busalile, busalē	abusalanga	obungasalanga	bungasalanga
class 15	kusalile, kusalē	okusalile, okusalē	kusalile, kusalē	akusalanga	okungasalanga	kungasalanga
class 17	kusalile, kusalē	okusalile, okusalē	kusalile, kusalē	akusalanga	okungasalanga	kungasalanga
remote past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngāsala	engāsala	ngāsala	angisalanga	engingasalanga	ngingasalanga
2nd singular	wāsala	owāsala	wāsala	awusalanga	ongasalanga	ungasalanga
1st plural	sāsala	esāsala	sāsala	asisalanga	esingasalanga	singasalanga
2nd plural	nāsala	enāsala	nāsala	anisalanga	eningasalanga	ningasalanga
class 1	wāsala	owāsala	āsala	akasalanga	ongasalanga	engasalanga
class 2	bāsala	abāsala	bāsala	abasalanga	abangasalanga	bengasalanga
class 3	wāsala	owāsala	wāsala	awusalanga	ongasalanga	ungasalanga
class 4	yāsala	eyāsala	yāsala	ayisalanga	engasalanga	ingasalanga
class 5	lāsala	elāsala	lāsala	alisalanga	elingasalanga	lingasalanga
class 6	āsala	āsala	āsala	awasalanga	angasalanga	engasalanga
class 7	sāsala	esāsala	sāsala	asisalanga	esingasalanga	singasalanga
class 8	zāsala	ezāsala	zāsala	azisalanga	ezingasalanga	zingasalanga
class 9	yāsala	eyāsala	yāsala	ayisalanga	engasalanga	ingasalanga
class 10	zāsala	ezāsala	zāsala	azisalanga	ezingasalanga	zingasalanga
class 11	lwāsala	olwāsala	lwāsala	alusalanga	olungasalanga	lungasalanga
class 14	bāsala	obāsala	bāsala	abusalanga	obungasalanga	bungasalanga
class 15	kwāsala	okwāsala	kwāsala	akusalanga	okungasalanga	kungasalanga
class 17	kwāsala	okwāsala	kwāsala	akusalanga	okungasalanga	kungasalanga
potential
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngingasala	—	ngingasala	ngingesale	—	ngingesale
2nd singular	ungasala	—	ungasala	ungesale	—	ungesale
1st plural	singasala	—	singasala	singesale	—	singesale
2nd plural	ningasala	—	ningasala	ningesale	—	ningesale
class 1	angasala	—	engasala	angesale	—	engesale
class 2	bangasala	—	bengasala	bangesale	—	bengesale
class 3	ungasala	—	ungasala	ungesale	—	ungesale
class 4	ingasala	—	ingasala	ingesale	—	ingesale
class 5	lingasala	—	lingasala	lingesale	—	lingesale
class 6	angasala	—	engasala	angesale	—	engesale
class 7	singasala	—	singasala	singesale	—	singesale
class 8	zingasala	—	zingasala	zingesale	—	zingesale
class 9	ingasala	—	ingasala	ingesale	—	ingesale
class 10	zingasala	—	zingasala	zingesale	—	zingesale
class 11	lungasala	—	lungasala	lungesale	—	lungesale
class 14	bungasala	—	bungasala	bungesale	—	bungesale
class 15	kungasala	—	kungasala	kungesale	—	kungesale
class 17	kungasala	—	kungasala	kungesale	—	kungesale
immediate future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngizosala	engizosala	ngizosala	angizusala	engingezusala	ngingezusala
2nd singular	uzosala	ozosala	uzosala	awuzusala	ongezusala	ungezusala
1st plural	sizosala	esizosala	sizosala	asizusala	esingezusala	singezusala
2nd plural	nizosala	enizosala	nizosala	anizusala	eningezusala	ningezusala
class 1	uzosala	ozosala	ezosala	akazusala	ongezusala	engezusala
class 2	bazosala	abazosala	bezosala	abazusala	abangezusala	bengezusala
class 3	uzosala	ozosala	uzosala	awuzusala	ongezusala	ungezusala
class 4	izosala	ezosala	izosala	ayizusala	engezusala	ingezusala
class 5	lizosala	elizosala	lizosala	alizusala	elingezusala	lingezusala
class 6	azosala	azosala	ezosala	awazusala	angezusala	engezusala
class 7	sizosala	esizosala	sizosala	asizusala	esingezusala	singezusala
class 8	zizosala	ezizosala	zizosala	azizusala	ezingezusala	zingezusala
class 9	izosala	ezosala	izosala	ayizusala	engezusala	ingezusala
class 10	zizosala	ezizosala	zizosala	azizusala	ezingezusala	zingezusala
class 11	luzosala	oluzosala	luzosala	aluzusala	olungezusala	lungezusala
class 14	buzosala	obuzosala	buzosala	abuzusala	obungezusala	bungezusala
class 15	kuzosala	okuzosala	kuzosala	akuzusala	okungezusala	kungezusala
class 17	kuzosala	okuzosala	kuzosala	akuzusala	okungezusala	kungezusala
remote future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyosala	engiyosala	ngiyosala	angiyusala	engingeyusala	ngingeyusala
2nd singular	uyosala	oyosala	uyosala	awuyusala	ongeyusala	ungeyusala
1st plural	siyosala	esiyosala	siyosala	asiyusala	esingeyusala	singeyusala
2nd plural	niyosala	eniyosala	niyosala	aniyusala	eningeyusala	ningeyusala
class 1	uyosala	oyosala	eyosala	akayusala	ongeyusala	engeyusala
class 2	bayosala	abayosala	beyosala	abayusala	abangeyusala	bengeyusala
class 3	uyosala	oyosala	uyosala	awuyusala	ongeyusala	ungeyusala
class 4	iyosala	eyosala	iyosala	ayiyusala	engeyusala	ingeyusala
class 5	liyosala	eliyosala	liyosala	aliyusala	elingeyusala	lingeyusala
class 6	ayosala	ayosala	eyosala	awayusala	angeyusala	engeyusala
class 7	siyosala	esiyosala	siyosala	asiyusala	esingeyusala	singeyusala
class 8	ziyosala	eziyosala	ziyosala	aziyusala	ezingeyusala	zingeyusala
class 9	iyosala	eyosala	iyosala	ayiyusala	engeyusala	ingeyusala
class 10	ziyosala	eziyosala	ziyosala	aziyusala	ezingeyusala	zingeyusala
class 11	luyosala	oluyosala	luyosala	aluyusala	olungeyusala	lungeyusala
class 14	buyosala	obuyosala	buyosala	abuyusala	obungeyusala	bungeyusala
class 15	kuyosala	okuyosala	kuyosala	akuyusala	okungeyusala	kungeyusala
class 17	kuyosala	okuyosala	kuyosala	akuyusala	okungeyusala	kungeyusala
present subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngisale	ngingasali
2nd singular	usale	ungasali
1st plural	sisale	singasali
2nd plural	nisale	ningasali
class 1	asale	angasali
class 2	basale	bangasali
class 3	usale	ungasali
class 4	isale	ingasali
class 5	lisale	lingasali
class 6	asale	angasali
class 7	sisale	singasali
class 8	zisale	zingasali
class 9	isale	ingasali
class 10	zisale	zingasali
class 11	lusale	lungasali
class 14	busale	bungasali
class 15	kusale	kungasali
class 17	kusale	kungasali
past subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngasala	ngangasala, angasala, angangasala
2nd singular	wasala	wangasala, awasala, awangasala
1st plural	sasala	sangasala, asasala, asangasala
2nd plural	nasala	nangasala, anasala, anangasala
class 1	wasala	wangasala, akasala, akangasala
class 2	basala	bangasala, abasala, abangasala
class 3	wasala	wangasala, awasala, awangasala
class 4	yasala	yangasala, ayasala, ayangasala
class 5	lasala	langasala, alasala, alangasala
class 6	asala	angasala, awasala, awangasala
class 7	sasala	sangasala, asasala, asangasala
class 8	zasala	zangasala, azasala, azangasala
class 9	yasala	yangasala, ayasala, ayangasala
class 10	zasala	zangasala, azasala, azangasala
class 11	lwasala	lwangasala, alwasala, alwangasala
class 14	basala	bangasala, abasala, abangasala
class 15	kwasala	kwangasala, akwasala, akwangasala
class 17	kwasala	kwangasala, akwasala, akwangasala

Related terms

• -shiya

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “sala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “sala (3.9)”