dam
Translingual[edit]
Symbol[edit]
dam
English[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle English dam, damme, from Old English *dam, *damm (inferred from derivative fordemman (“to hem in”)), from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.
Noun[edit]
dam (plural dams)
- A structure placed across a flowing body of water to stop the flow or part of the flow, generally for purposes such as retaining or diverting some of the water or retarding the release of accumulated water to avoid abrupt flooding.
- A dam is often an essential source of water to farmers of hilly country.
- 1913, Robert Barr, chapter 4, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad[1]:
- Nothing could be more business-like than the construction of the stout dams, and nothing more gently rural than the limpid lakes, with the grand old forest trees marshalled round their margins […]
- 2013 August 16, John Vidal, “Dams endanger ecology of Himalayas”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 10, page 8:
- Most of the Himalayan rivers have been relatively untouched by dams near their sources. Now the two great Asian powers, India and China, are rushing to harness them as they cut through some of the world's deepest valleys.
- The water reservoir resulting from placing such structure.
- Boats may only be used at places set aside for boating on the dam.
- (dentistry) A device to prevent a tooth from getting wet during dental work, consisting of a rubber sheet held with a band.
- (South Africa, Australia) A reservoir.
- A firebrick wall, or a stone, which forms the front of the hearth of a blast furnace.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
|
|
Verb[edit]
dam (third-person singular simple present dams, present participle damming, simple past and past participle dammed)
- (transitive) To block the flow of water.
- 1682, Thomas Otway, Venice Preserv’d, or, A Plot Discover’d. A Tragedy. […], London: Printed for Jos[eph] Hindmarsh […], OCLC 664400715, Act I, scene i, pages 3–4:
- Home I would go, / But that my Dores are hatefull to my eyes. / Fill'd and damm'd up with gaping Creditors, / Watchful as Fowlers when their Game will spring; [...]
Translations[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Variant of dame.
Noun[edit]
dam (plural dams)
- Female parent, mother, generally regarding breeding of animals.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book I, canto X, stanza 52:
- More dear […] than younglings to their dam.
- 1591, William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene i]:
- The dam runs lowing up and down, / Looking the way her harmless young one went.
- 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 12, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:
- Hunters assure us, that to chuse the best dog, and which they purpose to keepe from out a litter of other young whelps, there is no better meane than the damme herselfe […].
- 1819, Lord Byron, Don Juan, I
- she / Resolved that Juan should be quite a paragon, / And worthy of the noblest pedigree / (His sire was from Castile, his dam from Aragon) […].
- 1974, Lawrence Durrell, Monsieur, Faber & Faber, 1992, p.112
- The sky was cloudless—the moon rolled across the surface like a lamb searching for its dam.
- A kind of crowned piece in the game of draughts.
Coordinate terms[edit]
- (female parent): sire
Translations[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam (plural dams)
- (India) An obsolete Indian copper coin, equal to a fortieth of a rupee.
- 1839, William Holloway, A General Dictionary of Provincialisms, Written with a View to Rescue from Oblivion the Fast Fading Relics of By-gone Days, Lewes, East Sussex: Sussex Press: Printed and published by Baxter and Son, OCLC 3138091, page 42:
- […] A small Indian coin; whence comes the saying "I don't care a dam for you," that is I don't value you a farthing, and not as generally given, "I don't care a damn" or a "curse for you." [Possibly a folk etymology.]
- A former coin of Nepal, 128 of which were worth one mohar.
Etymology 4[edit]
Interjection[edit]
dam
Further reading[edit]
dam on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
dam (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Dam in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
Anagrams[edit]
Afrikaans[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Dutch dam, from Middle Dutch dam, from Old Dutch dam, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.
Noun[edit]
dam (plural damme)
Derived terms[edit]
Arem[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Vietic *ɗam, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *p(ɗ)am; cognate with Vietnamese năm.
Pronunciation[edit]
Numeral[edit]
dam
Further reading[edit]
- Michel Ferlus, 2014, Arem, a Vietic Language, Mon-Khmer Studies 43.1-15, page 5
Azerbaijani[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Anatolian Turkish طام (d̥am, dam), from Common Turkic *tām.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam (definite accusative damı, plural damlar)
- roof
- hovel, shack
- dugout
- cowshed, sheep cote (a structure where animals are held)
- donuz damı ― pigsty
- (figuratively) lockup, jail, quod
- dama basdırmaq ― to lock up, to put in jail
Declension[edit]
Cebuano[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From English dam, from Middle English dam, damme, from Old English *dam, *damm, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.
Noun[edit]
dam
Crimean Tatar[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam
Declension[edit]
nominative | dam |
---|---|
genitive | damnıñ |
dative | damğa |
accusative | damnı |
locative | damda |
ablative | damdan |
Synonyms[edit]
Danish[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam c (singular definite dammen, plural indefinite damme)
Inflection[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- dambrug n
Etymology 2[edit]
Borrowed from French jeu de dames (“draughts”).
Noun[edit]
dam c or n
Etymology 3[edit]
Borrowed from French dame (“lady”).
Noun[edit]
dam c (singular definite dammen, plural indefinite dammer)
- king (superior piece in draughts)
Inflection[edit]
Dutch[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle Dutch dam, from Old Dutch dam, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.
Noun[edit]
dam m (plural dammen, diminutive dammetje n)
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Borrowed from Middle French dame, from Spanish dama.
Noun[edit]
dam f (plural dammen)
- (checkers) king (double draught/checker)
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- → Indonesian: dam (“draught/checker(s)”)
Etymology 3[edit]
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb[edit]
dam
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam m (plural dams)
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “dam” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams[edit]
Friulian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam m (plural dams)
Synonyms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Indonesian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Dutch dam (“king (draught/checkers)”), from Middle French dame, from Old French dame, from Latin domina.
Noun[edit]
dam (plural, first-person possessive damku, second-person possessive dammu, third-person possessive damnya)
- (games) draught (American), checkers (British).
- checker, a pattern of alternating colours as on a chessboard.
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From Dutch dam (“dam”), from Middle Dutch dam, from Old Dutch dam, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.
Noun[edit]
dam (plural, first-person possessive damku, second-person possessive dammu, third-person possessive damnya)
- dam, a structure placed across a flowing body of water to stop the flow or part of the flow, generally for purposes such as retaining or diverting some of the water or retarding the release of accumulated water to avoid abrupt flooding.
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
From Arabic دَم (dam, “blood”), from Proto-Semitic *dam-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *dam-.
Noun[edit]
dam (plural, first-person possessive damku, second-person possessive dammu, third-person possessive damnya)
Etymology 4[edit]
Symbol[edit]
dam
Further reading[edit]
- “dam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
Irish[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
dam (emphatic damsa)
- Alternative form of dom (“for/to me”)
Lashi[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-(t/d)jam (“full, flat”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dam
References[edit]
- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[2], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
Malay[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam (Jawi spelling دم, plural dam-dam, informal 1st possessive damku, impolite 2nd possessive dammu, 3rd possessive damnya)
Further reading[edit]
- “dam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Maltese[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Root |
---|
d-w-m |
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
dam (imperfect jdum)
Related terms[edit]
Middle English[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old English *dam, *damm, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam
- dam (structure to block water)
- body of water
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- “dam, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam
- Alternative form of dame
Middle Irish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Celtic *damos, from Proto-Indo-European *dm̥h₂-ó- (“bull”), from *demh₂- (“to tame”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam m (genitive daim)
- ox
- c. 1000, Anonymous; published in (1935) , Rudolf Thurneysen, editor, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Staionery Office, § 1, l. 12, page 2: “Dam ocus tinne in cach coiri. [[There was] an ox and a side of bacon in each cauldron.]”
Descendants[edit]
Mutation[edit]
Middle Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
dam | dam pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ |
ndam |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading[edit]
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 dam”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Norwegian dammr m, from Old Norse damm n. The meaning dam (structure) probably comes from Middle Low German [Term?]. Sense 3 is from French jeu de dames.
Noun[edit]
dam m (definite singular dammen, indefinite plural dammer, definite plural dammene)
Synonyms[edit]
- demning (structure)
References[edit]
- “dam” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Norwegian dammr m, from Old Norse damm n. The meaning dam (structure) probably comes from Middle Low German [Term?]. Sense 3 is from French jeu de dames.
Noun[edit]
dam m (definite singular dammen, indefinite plural dammar, definite plural dammane)
Synonyms[edit]
- demning (structure)
References[edit]
- “dam” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Irish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Celtic *damos, from Proto-Indo-European *dm̥h₂-ó- (“bull”) (compare Albanian dem (“bullock”), Ancient Greek δάμαλος (dámalos, “calf”)), from *demh₂- (“to tame”) (compare Old Irish daimid (“to allow, give in”), Latin domō, English tame).
Noun[edit]
dam m (genitive daim)
- ox
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10d6
- .i. do·fuáircc .i. ar is bés leosom in daim do thúarcuin ind arbe
- Which tramples, i.e. for it is custom among them to have the oxen trample on the corn.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10d6
- stag
- (by extension) hero, champion
Declension[edit]
Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | dam | damL | daimL, doim |
Vocative | daim, doim | damL | daumuH, dumu, damu |
Accusative | damN | damL | daumuH, dumu, damu |
Genitive | daimL, doim | dam | damN |
Dative | daumL, dum, dam | damaib | damaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam f
Etymology 2[edit]
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb[edit]
dam
- inflection of daimid:
·dam
Etymology 3[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
dam
- Alternative form of dom (“to/for me”)
Mutation[edit]
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
dam | dam pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ |
ndam |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading[edit]
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 dam”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “2 dam”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Polish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
dam
Noun[edit]
dam
Rohingya[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- 𐴊𐴝𐴔𐴢 (dam) – Hanifi Rohingya script
Etymology[edit]
From Magadhi Prakrit 𑀤𑀫𑁆𑀫 (damma), from Sanskrit দ্ৰম্ম (drámma), borrowed from Ancient Greek δραχμή (drakhmḗ). Cognate with Bengali দাম (dam).
Noun[edit]
dam (Hanifi spelling 𐴊𐴝𐴔𐴢)
San Juan Guelavía Zapotec[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam
References[edit]
- López Antonio, Joaquín; Jones, Ted; Jones, Kris (2012) Vocabulario breve del Zapoteco de San Juan Guelavía[3] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Tlalpan, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., pages 14, 23, 40
Swedish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam c
Declension[edit]
Declension of dam | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | dam | damen | damer | damerna |
Genitive | dams | damens | damers | damernas |
Synonyms[edit]
- (in chess): drottning
Related terms[edit]
- damallsvenskan
- damavdelning
- dambadhus
- dambandy
- dambastu
- dambekantskap
- dambesök
- dambinda
- dambjudning
- dambonde
- dambricka
- dambräde
- dambyxor
- damcykel
- damdubbel
- damfinal
- damfotboll
- damfrisering
- damfrisör
- damfrisörska
- damgambit
- damgolf
- damhandboll
- damhatt
- damidrott
- damig
- damighet
- damkappa
- damklass
- damkläder
- damknäppning
- damkonfektion
- damkör
- damlag
- damlandslag
- dammiddag
- damorkester
- damrum
- damsadel
- damsenior
- damsida
- damsingel
- damskidåkning
- damsko
- damspel
- damstafett
- damstrumpa
- damsällskap
- damtidning
- damtoalett
- damtävling
- damunderkläder
- damväska
- hovdam
See also[edit]
Chess pieces in Swedish · schackpjäser (schack + pjäser) (layout · text) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
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kung | dam, drottning | torn | löpare | springare, häst | bonde |
References[edit]
Turkish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Turkic [script needed] (tam), from Proto-Turkic *Tām.
Compare Uyghur تام (tam, “wall”), Korean 담 (dam, “wall”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam (definite accusative damı, plural damlar)
Uzbek[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam (plural damlar)
Vietnamese[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Vietic *k-taːm; ultimately from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kt₁aam (“crab”). ‹d› here is the result of lenition (Proto-Vietic *k-t- > Middle Vietnamese ‹d› /ð/ > Modern Vietnamese ‹d›). Compare đam, the form with unlenited initial consonant.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
(classifier con) dam
Zoogocho Zapotec[edit]
Noun[edit]
dam
References[edit]
- Long C., Rebecca; Cruz M., Sofronio (2000) Diccionario zapoteco de San Bartolomé Zoogocho, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 38)[4] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Coyoacán, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 215
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