dum

Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: dúm, dùm, düm, dům, đùm, -dum, and d'um

English[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Hindi दम (dam).

Adjective[edit]

dum (not comparable)

  1. (India, cooking) cooked with steam

Etymology 2[edit]

Interjection[edit]

dum

  1. Syllable used when humming a tune.
    • 2012, Graeme Burk, Robert Smith, Who is the Doctor
      I like to hang out with friends and travel the world. But if there's one thing I really love, it's Doctor Who. Dum de dum, dum de dum, dum de dum. Whooo-eee-oooo dum de dum, de dum de dum.

Etymology 3[edit]

Adjective[edit]

dum

  1. (nonstandard, humorous) Alternative spelling of dumb.

Anagrams[edit]

Balinese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Javanese dum.

Verb[edit]

dum

  1. to divide

Danish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse dumbr (“dumb”), and in the main sense stupid from German dumm. Both from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare Norwegian and Swedish dum, Icelandic dumbur, English dumb, Low German dumm, Dutch dom, German dumm.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

dum

  1. stupid, dense, dumb, thick, dim
  2. foolish, silly, daft

Inflection[edit]

Inflection of dum
Positive Comparative Superlative
Common singular dum dummere dummest2
Neuter singular dumt dummere dummest2
Plural dumme dummere dummest2
Definite attributive1 dumme dummere dummeste
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Esperanto[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin dum.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [dum]
  • Audio:
    		(file)
  • Hyphenation: dum

Preposition[edit]

dum

  1. for
    Mi estos en Usono dum du jaroj. ― I will be in the USA for two years.
  2. during
  3. while
  4. whereas

Ido[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Esperanto dum, from Latin dum.

Pronunciation[edit]

Preposition[edit]

dum

  1. during, in (a period of time)
    Il esis absenta dum tri yari. ― He was absent for three years.

Derived terms[edit]

  • dume (“meanwhile, meantime”)

Javanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Javanese dum.

Verb[edit]

dum

  1. to divide

Latin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Italic *dom, from Proto-Indo-European *dom.

Pronunciation[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

dum

  1. while, whilst, as, meanwhile
    • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgicon III.284–285:
      fugit inreparabile tempus
      singula dum capti circumvectamur amore
      Irretrievable time flies away while, in thrall to love, we are carried about from one thing to another.
    • 16 BCE, Ovid, Amores 1.11.15:
      Dum loquor, hōra fugit.
      While I speak, the hour flees away.
    Dum vīxī tacuī, mortua dulce canō. ― While I lived I was quiet; dead I sweetly sing.
  2. until, long enough for (with subjunctive)
  3. as long as
    dum erunt homines ― as long as there are men (as long as mankind exists)
  4. so long as, provided that
    Oderint, dum metuant. ― Let them hate, so long as they fear.
  5. during (before a verbal substantive)

Synonyms[edit]

  1. interea, interim

Usage notes[edit]

Most often used with the present indicative forms of verbs.

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Asturian: dun (1861 translation of the Gospel of Matthew), demientres

References[edit]

  • dum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • dum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • dum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • I cannot wait till..: nihil mihi longius est or videtur quam dum or quam ut
    • as long as one's strength holds out: dum vires suppetunt
    • as long as I live: dum vita suppetit; dum (quoad) vivo
  • dum in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Maia[edit]

Adjective[edit]

dum

  1. wet

Middle English[edit]

Adjective[edit]

dum

  1. Alternative form of dumb

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare English dumb, Danish dum and Swedish dum, Icelandic dumbur, Dutch dom, German dumm.

Adjective[edit]

dum (neuter singular dumt, definite singular and plural dumme, comparative dummere, indefinite superlative dummest, definite superlative dummeste)

  1. foolish
  2. stupid, silly

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.

Adjective[edit]

dum (neuter singular dumt, definite singular and plural dumme, comparative dummare, indefinite superlative dummast, definite superlative dummaste)

  1. foolish
  2. stupid, silly

References[edit]

Old French[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun[edit]

dum m

  1. down, feathers of small birds used as insulation material in duvets and sleeping bags

Descendants[edit]

Old Irish[edit]

Noun[edit]

dum

  1. Alternative form of daum

Mutation[edit]

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
dum dum
pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ 		ndum
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Javanese[edit]

Noun[edit]

dum

  1. part

Polish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

dum f

  1. genitive plural of duma

Portuguese[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From earlier d'um, from de (“of”) + um (“a”, masculine singular indefinite article).

Pronunciation[edit]

Contraction[edit]

dum m (feminine duma, masculine plural duns, feminine plural dumas)

  1. Contraction of de um (“pertaining or relating to a”): of a; from a (masculine singular)

Usage notes[edit]

The contraction of de + um / uma is never obligatory and sometimes associated with spoken language. In a few cases it is not possible:

  1. When de is part of a preposition, as in em vez de:[1]
    Em vez de um escalão ter três anos, ...
  2. When um is a numeral:
    Trata-se de um ou dois dias.

References[edit]

  1. ^ http://portuguese.stackexchange.com/questions/1573/quando-combinar-a-preposi%C3%A7%C3%A3o-de-com-os-artigos-indefinidos/1574

Saterland Frisian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Frisian dumb, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz. More at dumb.

Adjective[edit]

dum

  1. stupid; dumb
    Synonym: hoolich

Derived terms[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Swedish dumber, from Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare Norwegian dumb, Danish dum, Icelandic dumbur, English dumb, Dutch dom and German dumm.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

dum (comparative dummare, superlative dummast)

  1. stupid, dumb
  2. (childish) mean, cruel
    Han var dum mot mig!
    He was mean to me!

Declension[edit]

Inflection of dum
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular dum dummare dummast
Neuter singular dumt dummare dummast
Plural dumma dummare dummast
Masculine plural3 dumme dummare dummast
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 dumme dummare dummaste
All dumma dummare dummaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic

Uzbek[edit]

Other scripts
Cyrillic дум‍
Roman dum‍
Perso-Arabic ‍‍

Etymology[edit]

From Persian دم‎ (dom)

Noun[edit]

dum (plural dumlar)

  1. tail
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