dum
Translingual[edit]
Symbol[edit]
dum
English[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dum (not comparable)
Related terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Interjection[edit]
dum
- Syllable used when humming a tune.
- 2012, Graeme Burk, Robert Smith, Who is the Doctor:
- I like to hang out with friends and travel the world. But if there's one thing I really love, it's Doctor Who. Dum de dum, dum de dum, dum de dum. Whooo-eee-oooo dum de dum, de dum de dum.
Etymology 3[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dum
- (nonstandard, humorous) Alternative spelling of dumb.
Etymology 4[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dum (not comparable)
See also[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Balinese[edit]
Romanization[edit]
dum
- Romanization of ᬤᬸᬫ᭄
Danish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse dumbr (“dumb”), and in the main sense stupid from German dumm. Both from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare Norwegian and Swedish dum, Icelandic dumbur, English dumb, Low German dumm, Dutch dom, German dumm.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dum
Inflection[edit]
Inflection of dum | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
Indefinte common singular | dum | dummere | dummest2 |
Indefinite neuter singular | dumt | dummere | dummest2 |
Plural | dumme | dummere | dummest2 |
Definite attributive1 | dumme | dummere | dummeste |
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively. |
Esperanto[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Preposition[edit]
dum
Ido[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Esperanto dum, from Latin dum.
Pronunciation[edit]
Preposition[edit]
dum
Derived terms[edit]
- dume (“meanwhile, meantime”)
Javanese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Javanese dum.
Verb[edit]
dum
- to divide
Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Italic *dom, from Proto-Indo-European *dom. Compare dōnec from same source.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical) IPA(key): /dum/, [d̪ʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /dum/, [d̪um]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Conjunction[edit]
dum
- (indicating coincidence of duration): (with indicative) while, whilst, as, meanwhile (as), (for) as long as, until
- Synonyms: interea, interim, quamdiū
- Dum vīxī tacuī, mortua dulce canō. ― While I lived I was quiet; dead I sweetly sing.
- dum erunt homines ― as long as there are humans (as long as humankind exists)
- (indicating coincidence of duration): (before a verbal substantive) during
- Synonym: quamdiū
- (indicating duration with expectancy): (with subjunctive) until, long enough for
- (indicating duration with contingency): (with subjunctive) as long as, (for) so long as, provided (that), on the condition that
- Synonym: dummodo
- Oderint, dum metuant. ― Let them hate, so long as they fear.
Usage notes[edit]
Dum offers speakers of Latin the capacity to express duration with coincidence, expectancy, or contingency. Classical authors most often used dum in order to express coincidental duration, and so it was most often accompanied by verbs in the indicative mood; the adverb dummodo was generally used to express aspects of contingency.
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Asturian: dun (1861 translation of the Gospel of Matthew), demientres
References[edit]
- “dum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “dum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- dum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- I cannot wait till..: nihil mihi longius est or videtur quam dum or quam ut
- as long as one's strength holds out: dum vires suppetunt
- as long as I live: dum vita suppetit; dum (quoad) vivo
- I cannot wait till..: nihil mihi longius est or videtur quam dum or quam ut
- dum in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
Maia[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dum
Middle English[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dum
- Alternative form of dumb
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare English dumb, Danish dum and Swedish dum, Icelandic dumbur, Dutch dom, German dumm.
Adjective[edit]
dum (neuter singular dumt, definite singular and plural dumme, comparative dummere, indefinite superlative dummest, definite superlative dummeste)
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “dum” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dum (neuter singular dumt, definite singular and plural dumme, comparative dummare, indefinite superlative dummast, definite superlative dummaste)
References[edit]
- “dum” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old French[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse dúnn (“down, feathers”), from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz. Cognate with English down, German Daun.
Noun[edit]
dum m
- down, feathers of small birds used as insulation material in duvets and sleeping bags
Descendants[edit]
Old Irish[edit]
Noun[edit]
dum
- Alternative form of daum
Mutation[edit]
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
dum | dum pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ |
ndum |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Old Javanese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Unknown, probably borrowed from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t1um (“collection, accumulation”) (compare to Khmer ដុំ (dom, “loaf; piece, block, chunk, part; pile, cluster, bunch”), Eastern Cham ḍaum (“group”)). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dum
Alternative forms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Polish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dum f
Portuguese[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- d'um (dated)
Etymology[edit]
From earlier d'um, from de (“of”) + um (“a”, masculine singular indefinite article).
Pronunciation[edit]
- Hyphenation: dum
Contraction[edit]
dum (feminine duma, masculine plural duns, feminine plural dumas)
Usage notes[edit]
- The contraction of de + um / uma is never obligatory and sometimes associated with spoken language. In a few cases it is not possible:
- When de is part of a preposition, as in em vez de:[1]
- Em vez de um escalão ter três anos, ...
- When um is a numeral:
- Trata-se de um ou dois dias.
References[edit]
Salar[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Turkic *tum-.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Jiezi, Gaizi, Chahandusi, Xunhua, Qinghai, Ili, Yining, Xinjiang) IPA(key): /tum/
- (Jiezi, Gaizi, Chahandusi, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): /tumu/
- (Chahandusi, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): /tumɨ/, /tomɨ/
Noun[edit]
dum
- to settle, precipitate (weather)
- Asman dumsa yağmur yağar.
- If sky coulds up, it rains.
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- 林 (Lin), 莲云 (Lianyun) (1985), “ɑsmɑn dumsɑ jɑʁmur jɑʁɑr”, in 撒拉语简志 [A Brief History of Salar], Beijing: 民族出版社: 琴書店, →OCLC, page 66
- Tenishev, Edhem (1976), “tum, tumu, tumy, tomy”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 513, 522-523
- Ma, Chengjun; Han, Lianye; Ma, Weisheng (December 2010), “dum-”, in 米娜瓦尔 艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary], 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 93
- 马伟 (Ma Wei), 朝克 (Chao Ke) (2016), “asman dumqïn gün”, in 濒危语言——撒拉语研究 [Endangered Languages - Salar Language Studies], 青海 (Qinghai): 国家社会科学基金项目 (National Social Science Foundation Project), page 260
- Yakup, Abdurishid (2002), “dum”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon, Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 82
Saterland Frisian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Frisian dumb, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz. More at dumb.
Adjective[edit]
dum
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- Marron C. Fort (2015), “dum”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN
Swedish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Swedish dumber, from Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare Norwegian dumb, Danish dum, Icelandic dumbur, English dumb, Dutch dom and German dumm.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dum (comparative dummare, superlative dummast)
- stupid, dumb
- Du är inte så dum som du ser ut
- You're not as stupid as you look
- causing trouble or annoyance
- Dumt att den inte levereras förrän imorgon. Det kommer ställa till med problem.
- It's a shame that it won't be delivered until tomorrow. It's going to cause trouble.
- En kopp kaffe vore inte dumt
- A cup of coffee would be nice (wouldn't be bad)
- (often childish) mean, cruel, misbehaving, naughty
- Han var dum mot mig!
- He was mean to me!
- Mamma sa till Olle att sluta vara dum
- Mom told Olle to stop being naughty
- Jag borde inte sagt elaka saker till honom. Det var dumt gjort.
- I shouldn't have said mean things to him. It was a stupid thing to do. (not childish – leans more towards morally bad, like in English)
Declension[edit]
Inflection of dum | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | dum | dummare | dummast |
Neuter singular | dumt | dummare | dummast |
Plural | dumma | dummare | dummast |
Masculine plural3 | dumme | dummare | dummast |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | dumme | dummare | dummaste |
All | dumma | dummare | dummaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
Tausug[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *delem.
Noun[edit]
dum
Uzbek[edit]
Other scripts | |
---|---|
Cyrillic | дум (dum) |
Latin | dum |
Perso-Arabic |
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
dum (plural dumlar)
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- ISO 639-2
- ISO 639-3
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with homophones
- Rhymes:English/ʌm
- Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable
- English terms derived from Hindi
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English uncomparable adjectives
- Indian English
- en:Cooking
- English interjections
- English terms with quotations
- English nonstandard terms
- English humorous terms
- English pronunciation spellings
- Balinese non-lemma forms
- Balinese romanizations
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish terms derived from German
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Danish/ɔm
- Rhymes:Danish/ɔm/1 syllable
- Danish lemmas
- Danish adjectives
- Esperanto terms derived from Latin
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Esperanto terms with audio links
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto prepositions
- Esperanto terms with usage examples
- Esperanto BRO1
- Ido terms derived from Esperanto
- Ido terms derived from Latin
- Ido terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ido lemmas
- Ido prepositions
- Ido terms with usage examples
- Javanese terms inherited from Old Javanese
- Javanese terms derived from Old Javanese
- Javanese lemmas
- Javanese verbs
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 1-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms with audio links
- Latin lemmas
- Latin conjunctions
- Latin terms with usage examples
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- Latin subordinating conjunctions
- Maia lemmas
- Maia adjectives
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English adjectives
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål adjectives
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk adjectives
- Old French terms borrowed from Old Norse
- Old French terms derived from Old Norse
- Old French terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old French lemmas
- Old French nouns
- Old French masculine nouns
- Old Irish non-lemma forms
- Old Irish noun forms
- Old Javanese terms with unknown etymologies
- Old Javanese terms borrowed from Proto-Mon-Khmer
- Old Javanese terms derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer
- Old Javanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Javanese lemmas
- Old Javanese nouns
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/um
- Rhymes:Polish/um/1 syllable
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish noun forms
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese contractions
- Salar terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Salar terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Salar terms with IPA pronunciation
- Salar lemmas
- Salar nouns
- Turkish terms with usage examples
- Saterland Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian
- Saterland Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Saterland Frisian lemmas
- Saterland Frisian adjectives
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish terms with audio links
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish adjectives
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Swedish childish terms
- Tausug terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tausug terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tausug lemmas
- Tausug nouns
- Uzbek terms derived from Persian
- Uzbek lemmas
- Uzbek nouns