dim
Translingual[edit]
Symbol[edit]
dim
English[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle English dim, dym, from Old English dim, dimm (“dim, dark, gloomy; wretched, grievous, sad, unhappy”), from Proto-West Germanic *dimm, from Proto-Germanic *dimmaz (“dark”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰem- (“to whisk, smoke; obscure”). Compare Faroese dimmur, Icelandic dimmur (“dark”) and dimma (“darkness”).
Adjective[edit]
dim (comparative dimmer, superlative dimmest)
- Not bright or colorful.
- The lighting was too dim for me to make out his facial features.
- 1821, Percy B[ysshe] Shelley, Adonais: An Elegy on the Death of John Keats, […], Pisa, Italy: […] Didot; reprinted London: Noel Douglas […], 1927, →OCLC:
- that sustaining Love / Which, through the web of being blindly wove / By man and beast and earth and air and sea, / Burns bright or dim
- (colloquial) Not smart or intelligent.
- He may be a bit dim, but he's not entirely stupid.
- Indistinct, hazy or unclear.
- His vision grew dimmer as he aged.
- Disapproving, unfavorable: rarely used outside the phrase take a dim view of.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Noun[edit]
dim (uncountable)
- (archaic) Dimness.
- 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 278:
- All about me the Red Weed clambered among the ruins, writhing to get above me in the dim. Night, the Mother of Fear and Mystery, was coming upon me.
Verb[edit]
dim (third-person singular simple present dims, present participle dimming, simple past and past participle dimmed)
- (transitive) To make something less bright.
- He dimmed the lights and put on soft music.
- (intransitive) To become darker.
- The lights dimmed briefly when the air conditioning was turned on.
- To render dim, obscure, or dark; to make less bright or distinct
- 1695, C[harles] A[lphonse] du Fresnoy, translated by John Dryden, De Arte Graphica. The Art of Painting, […], London: […] J[ohn] Heptinstall for W. Rogers, […], →OCLC:
- a king among his courtiers, […] who out to dim the lustre of all his attendants
- 1791, Homer, W[illiam] Cowper, transl., “[The Odyssey.] Book II.”, in The Iliad and Odyssey of Homer, Translated into Blank Verse, […], volume II, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 42, line 501:
- Now ſet the ſun, and twilight dimm'd the ways, […]
- To deprive of distinct vision; to hinder from seeing clearly, either by dazzling or clouding the eyes; to darken the senses or understanding of.
- c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene iii:
- And with our Sun-bright armour as we march,
Weel chaſe the Starrs from heauen, and dim their eies
That ſtand and muſe at our admyred armes.
- 1740, Christopher Pitt, The Aeneid:
- Her starry eyes were dimm'd with streaming tears.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
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See also[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dim (not comparable)
- (music) Clipping of diminished.
See also[edit]
- dim. (diminuendo)
Anagrams[edit]
Indonesian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Noun[edit]
dim (first-person possessive dimku, second-person possessive dimmu, third-person possessive dimnya)
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
dim (first-person possessive dimku, second-person possessive dimmu, third-person possessive dimnya)
- high-beam headlamp on a road vehicle.
Further reading[edit]
- “dim” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Kashubian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dymъ.
Noun[edit]
dim ?
Further reading[edit]
- “dim”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “dym”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi
Latvian[edit]
Verb[edit]
dim
- third-person singular/plural present indicative of dimēt
- (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of dimēt
- (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of dimēt
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse dimmr. Related to English dim and Icelandic dimmur.
Adjective[edit]
dim (neuter singular dimt, definite singular and plural dimme, comparative dimmere, indefinite superlative dimmest, definite superlative dimmeste)
- dim
- to have bad vision
- Han er dim på synet
- His vision is dim/bad/poor
- Han er dim på synet
References[edit]
- “dim” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From the Old Norse adjective dimmr, from Proto-Germanic *dimmaz. The neuter noun is derived from the adjective. The automotive senses may be a Back-formation from - of the verb dimme.
Adjective[edit]
dim (neuter singular dimt, definite singular and plural dimme, comparative dimmare, indefinite superlative dimmast, definite superlative dimmaste)
Related terms[edit]
Noun[edit]
dim m (definite singular dimmen, indefinite plural dimmar, definite plural dimmane)
- (automotive, colloquial) a switching of one's headlamps from high-beam to low-beam
- (automotive, colloquial) lever, button or other
- (dialectal) Clipping of dimme (“twilight, half darkness”).
Noun[edit]
dim n (definite singular dimmet, uncountable)
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
dim m (definite singular dimmen, indefinite plural dimmar, definite plural dimmane)
- (colloquial) Clipping of dimensjon.
References[edit]
- “dim” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams[edit]
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dymъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dū́ˀmas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dȉm m (Cyrillic spelling ди̏м)
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Slovene[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *dymъ.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dȉm m inan
Inflection[edit]
Masculine inan., hard o-stem | ||
---|---|---|
nominative | dìm | |
genitive | díma | |
singular | ||
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
dìm | |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
— | |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
— | |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
— | |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
dímu | |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
dímom |
Further reading[edit]
- “dim”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Sumerian[edit]
Romanization[edit]
dim
- Romanization of 𒁴 (dim)
Talysh[edit]
Noun[edit]
dim
Welsh[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Welsh dim. Cognate with the rare Old Irish dim (“something, anything”), which may be a Brythonic loanword. Further etymology uncertain. Matasović takes it from Proto-Celtic *dis-smi-, dissimilated from Proto-Indo-European *dus-smi- (literally “bad one”).[1] Morris Jones hypothesizes the original meaning was “share, portion” and derives it from Proto-Celtic *dīsman, from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂y- (“to share”).[2]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dim
Pronoun[edit]
dim
Derived terms[edit]
Particle[edit]
dim
Usage notes[edit]
As a verbal particle, almost always appears mutated as ddim.
Mutation[edit]
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
dim | ddim | nim | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References[edit]
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 100
- ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 315
Further reading[edit]
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), chapter DIM, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
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- sh:Smoking
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